今天看存储过程的时候发现了两个函数Rollup()和Cube(),感觉很陌生，于是网上一通查，当想做笔记的时候，发现笔记本上曾近有这两个函数，http://www/uc/myshow/blog/misc/gif/E___6706EN00SIGG.gif，记忆力减退的不是一星半点啊。或许是我之前一直没有好好理解这两个函数，在工作中也很少用到，之前做采集的时候都是使用的ODI工具，很少使用存储过程。而且最经也将oracle放置了好久，今天起开始一天天的拾起来。

Rollup()：分组函数可以理解为group by的精简模式，具体分组模式如下：

Rollup(a,b,c): (a,b,c),(a,b),(a),(全表)

Cube():分组函数也是以group by为基础，具体分组模式如下：

cube(a,b,c):(a,b,c),(a,b),(a,c),(b,c),(a),(b),(c),(全表)

下面准备数据比较一下两个函数的不同：

1、准备数据：

http://s10/mw690/002j5aIUty6EBgddQCJd9&690

2、使用rollup函数查询

select group_id,job,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by rollup(group_id,job,name)；

http://s3/mw690/002j5aIUty6EBgxK9Wi22&690

http://s13/mw690/002j5aIUty6EBgxLKgYac&690

3、使用cube函数：

select group_id,job,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by cube(group_id,job,name)

http://s2/mw690/002j5aIUty6EBhbWUyl31&690
http://s13/mw690/002j5aIUty6EBhbZvQw1c&690
http://s4/mw690/002j5aIUty6EBhc1ogb23&690
http://s4/mw690/002j5aIUty6EBhc2zU7f3&690
http://s16/mw690/002j5aIUty6EBhefirB7f&690

4、对比：从最后查询出来的数据条数就差了好多，下面看一下将两个函数从转化成对应的group函数语句：

rollup函数：

select group_id,job,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by rollup(group_id,job,name);

等价于：

select group_id,job,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by group_id,job,name
union all
select group_id,job,null,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by group_id,job
union all
select group_id,null,null,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by group_id
union all
select null,null,null,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST

cube函数：

select group_id,job,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by cube(group_id,job,name) ;

等价于：

select group_id,job,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by group_id,job,name
union all
select group_id,job,null,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by group_id,job
union all
select group_id,null,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by group_id,name
union all
select group_id,null,null,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by group_id
union all
select null,job,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by job,name
union all
select null,job,null,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by job
union all
select null,null,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by name
union all
select null,null,null,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST

5、由此可见两个函数对于汇总统计来说要比普通函数好用的多，另外还有一个配套使用的函数

grouping(**):当**字段为null的时候值为1，当字段**非null的时候值为0；

select grouping(group_id),job,name,sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by rollup(group_id,job,name);

6、添加一列用来直观的显示所有的汇总字段：

select group_id,job,name,
 case when name is null and nvl(group_id,0)=0 and job is null   then '全表聚合'
   when name is null and nvl(group_id,0)=0 and job is not null then 'JOB聚合'
   when name is null and  grouping(group_id)=0 and job is null then 'GROUPID聚合'
   when name is not null and nvl(group_id,0)=0 and job is null   then 'Name聚合'
   when name is not null and grouping(group_id)=0 and job is null   then 'GROPName聚合'
   when name is not null and grouping(group_id)=1 and job is not null   then 'JOBName聚合'
   when name is  null and grouping(group_id)=0 and job is not null   then 'GROUPJOB聚合'
    else
 '三列汇总' end ,
sum(salary) from GROUP_TEST group by cube(group_id,job,name) ;