伊甸被遗忘的书 — 亚当和夏娃（上）1-5

 

这本书详细记载了亚当和夏娃被赶出伊甸园后的生活，直到该隐杀死亚伯为止。它很可能是经历了世代的口述相传，直到某个姓名不详的埃及人决定用文字记载下来，历史学家推测的写作时间应该是耶稣诞生前的几百年。此书的某些部分可以在塔木德经（犹太法典）和古兰经（伊斯兰法典）中找到。

 

这本书是埃及作者以阿拉伯语书写，后被发现翻译成埃塞俄比亚语。此英文版本是1800年后期由S.C. Malan博士和E.Trumpp博士共同翻译出来的。

 

我大致搜索了一下，很多此类的书都被称作“Pseudepigrapha”，中文翻译成：“伪经”，或者“次经”。之所以获此称号，不是因为它们是伪造的，也不是后人杜撰出来的，而是因为它们未被入选《圣经》，所以就不被认作是正经。

 

黑色字体为原文，绿色字体为注解。

 

第一章

清澈的海。神命令从伊甸园被逐出的亚当，居住在宝藏洞里。

The crystal sea. God commands Adam, expelled from Eden, to dwell in the Cave of Treasures.

 

1.   第三天，神在地的东方建了一个花园，在世界的最东边，朝着太阳升起的地方，那里只有水，环绕着整个世界，直至天边。

ON the third day, God planted the garden in the east of the earth, on the border of the world eastward, beyond which, towards the sun-rising, one finds nothing but water, that encompasses the whole world, and reaches unto the borders of heaven.

 

2.   花园的北边有大量的水，品尝起来清澈、纯净，没有什么和它一样；这样，通过其清澈，人可以看向地的深处。

And to the north of the garden there is a sea of water, clear and pure to taste, like unto nothing else; so that, through the clearness thereof, one may look into the depths of the earth.

 

3.   当人在里面清洗自己的时候，就会变成洁净中的洁净，雪白中的雪白 —— 即使他是深色肌肤的。

And when a man washes himself in it, becomes clean of the cleanness thereof, and white of its whiteness – even if he was dark.    

 

“Dark”既可以翻译成“深色肌肤的”，也可以翻译成“黑暗的”。因为这水可以洁净一切，洗掉人所有的罪过，失去有形肉体的人，只有魂、灵和属灵的身体，是没有肤色之分的。 

 

4.   神因着他自己的旨意造了那水，因为他知道他造的人会有何后果；以便在他离开花园后，由于他的过犯，人要在地上出生，他们当中正义的会死去，神会在最后一天唤醒他们的魂；在他们返回他们肉体的时候，要在那海里清洗，然后全部回改。

And God created that sea of His own good pleasure, for He knew what would come of the man He should make; so that after he had left the garden, on account of his transgression, men should be born in the earth, from among whom righteous ones should die, whose souls God would raise at the last day; when they should return to their flesh; should bathe in the water of that sea, and all of them repent of their sins.

 

5.   当神让亚当离开花园，他没有把他安置在边界向北的地方，以免他会靠近那水，他和夏娃会在里面清洗自己，洗清他们的罪，忘记他们的过犯，在他们的惩罚中不再被提起。

But when God made Adam go out of the garden, He did not place him on the border of it northward, lest he should draw near to the sea of water, and he and Even wash themselves in it, be cleansed from their sins, forget the transgression they had committed, and he no longer reminded of it in the thought of their punishment.

 

6. 同样的，神也不愿亚当住在花园的南边；因为，当风从北边吹来的时候，就会在南边，带来花园里树那美味的清香。

Then, again, as to the southern side of the garden, God was not pleased to let Adam dwell there; because, when the wind blew from the north, it would bring him, on that southern side, the delicious smell of the trees of the garden.           

 

7.   因此神没有把亚当安置在那里，以免他闻到树的甜美清香而忘了他的过犯，因他所做的得安慰，在树的清香里得愉悦，不从他的过犯中被洁净。

Wherefore God did not put Adam there, lest he should smell the sweet smell of those trees forget his transgression, and find consolation for what he had done, take delight in the smell of the trees, and not be cleansed from his transgression.

 

8.   也因为神是仁慈的，满是怜悯，以只有他自己知道的方式统治一切 —— 他让我们的先祖亚当居住在花园边界向西的地方，因为那边的地非常广阔。

Again, also, because God is merciful and of great pity, and governs all things in a way He alone knows – He made our father Adam dwell in the western border of the garden, because on the side the earth is very broad.

 

9.   神命令他居住在一个岩石的洞里 —— 花园下方的宝藏洞。

And God commanded him to dwell there in a cave in a rock – the Cave of Treasures below the garden.

 

 

第二章

 

亚当和夏娃离开花园的时候昏厥。神派他的话语鼓励他们。

Adam and Eve faint upon leaving the Garden. God sends His word to encourage them.

 

1.   当我们的先祖亚当，和夏娃，离开花园的时候，他们用脚在地上行走，却不知道他们在行走。

But when our father Adam, and Eve, went out of the garden, they trod the ground on their feet, not knowing they were treading.

 

2.   当他们来到花园敞开的大门，看到面前延伸的大地，被大大小小的石头和沙覆盖，他们就畏惧颤抖，脸朝地倒下，在降临到他们的恐惧中，如同死了一样。

And when they came to the opening of the gate of the garden, and saw the broad earth spread before them, covered with stones large and small, and with sand, they feared and trembled, and fell on their faces, from the fear that came upon them and they were as dead.

 

“如同死了一样”，也可以翻译成“已经死了”；所以后面的，神派他的话语让亚当和夏娃“重新起来”，也可以理解为“让他们死而复生”，适用于所有章节。

 

3.   因为 —— 在此之前他们一直在种着各式各样美丽的树的花园里 —— 现在，他们看到自己在从未见过的、不熟悉的地。

Because – whereas they had hitherto been in the garden-land, beautifully planted with all manner of trees – they now saw themselves, in a strange land, which they knew not, and had never seen.

 

4.   因为那时，他们被光明本性的恩典充满，他们的心没有转向属世的事物。

And because at that time they were filled with the grace of a bright nature, and they had not hearts turned towards earthly things.      

 

5.   因此，神怜悯他们；当他看到他们倒在花园的大门，就派他的话语给先祖亚当和夏娃，让他们重新起来。

Therefore had God pity on them; and when He saw them fallen before at the gate of the garden, He sent His Word unto father Adam and Eve, and raised them from their fallen state.

 

神第一次使亚当和夏娃死而复生。

神的话语：

约翰福音1:1   起初，有话语，话语与神同在，话语就是神。

In the Beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

约翰福音1:14  话语成为肉身，在我们中间，（我们见过他的荣耀，作为父独子的荣耀）充满恩典和真理。

And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us,(and we beheld His glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.

 

神的话语成为肉身，成为了谁？成为耶稣，耶稣就是神的话语。这里神派他的话语给亚当和夏娃，也就是耶稣让他们重新起来／重新复活。耶稣从一开始万事之初就在，一直都在。

 

 

第三章

 

关于五天半的应许

Concerning the promise of the great five days and a half

 

1.   神对亚当说，“我在地上确立了日和年，你和你的后裔要在那居住和行走，直到达到日和年［的要求］；我必派创造你们的话语，对抗你所过犯的，这话语让你离开花园，在你倒下的时候将你扶起。

God said to Adam, “I have ordained on this earth days and years, and thou and thy seed shall dwell and walk in it, until the days and years are fulfilled; when I shall send the Word that created thee, and against which thou hast transgressed, the Word that made thee come out of the garden and that raised thee when thou wast fallen.

 

“创造你们的话语”：

创世纪1:26    神说，让我们照着我们的形象造人，跟我们相像。

             And God said, Let us make man in our image,

after  our likeness:                    

 

神先说要按照他们自己的形像造人，然后才用尘土造了人，才把生命之气吹入人的鼻孔。所以，我们是神用话语创造的，也就是说，我们是耶稣创造的。

约翰福音1:3   万有都是他造的；凡被造的，没有一样不是藉着他造的。

All things were made by Him; and without Him was not any thing made that was made.

 

 

2.   是的，这话语在五天半到的时候，必将再次拯救你。”

Yea, the Word that will again save thee when the five days and half are fulfilled.”

 

“话语必将再次拯救你”，也就是耶稣必将再次拯救你。

神与亚当立下盟约后，第一次重复并提醒亚当他们之间的盟约，借以鼓励亚当，给他希望。

3.   但是，当亚当听了神的这番话，这重要的的五天半，他并不明白其中的意思。

But when Adam heard these words from God, and of the great five days and a half, he did not understand the meaning of them.

 

4.   他以为他只剩下五天半，然后便是世界的终结。

For Adam was thinking that there would be but five days and a half for him, to the end of the world.

 

5.   亚当就哭泣，祷告神能解释给他听。

     And Adam wept, and prayed God to explain it to him.

 

6.   于是神就给以他自己形像而造的亚当仁慈，向他解释，这是五千年又五百年；这一位会如何降临并拯救他和他的后裔。

Then God in His mercy for Adam who was made after His own image and similitude, explained to him, that these were 5,000 and 500 years; and how One would then come and save him and his seed.

 

7.   但是在此之前，神就和我们的先祖亚当立下盟约，同样的期限，在他离开花园之前，在夏娃拿果子给他吃的那树的旁边。

But God had before that made this covenant with our father, Adam, in the same terms, ere he came out of the garden, when he was by the tree whereof Eve took the fruit and gave it him to eat.

 

8.    因为，当我们的先祖亚当离开花园的时候，他经过那树，看到神是如何改变它的样子，让它成为另一个形态，它是如何枯萎。

Inasmuch as when our father Adam came out of the garden, he passed by that tree, and saw how God had then changed the appearance of it into another form, and how it withered.

 

9.    在靠近它的时候，亚当就恐惧，颤抖并倒下；但神在他的仁慈里就鼓励他，接着与他立下这个盟约。

And as Adam went to it he feared, trembled and fell down; but God in His mercy lifted him up, and then made this covenant with him.

 

神与亚当立下“五天半后”会拯救他的盟约。

10.  可是，再一次，当亚当在花园的大门看到手持燃烧着火焰剑的基路伯，基路伯生气对他皱眉，亚当和夏娃就害怕起来，以为他要杀死他们。于是他们就面朝地倒下，恐惧得发抖。

And, again, when Adam was by the gate of the garden, and saw the cherub with a sword of flashing fire in his hand, and the cherub grew angry and frowned at him, both Adam and eve became afraid of him, and thought he meant to put them to death. So they fell on their faces, and trembled with fear.

 

“基路伯”，神的天使。在以西结书第1章和10章里有对基路伯的描述，有4张脸孔，分别是人的、狮子的、牛的和鹰的；也有4个翅膀，2个用来飞翔，2个用来遮住身体。撒旦在堕落之前就是基路伯（以西结书28:14）。

 

11.   基路伯怜悯他们，给他们仁慈；就转身回到天上，向耶和华祷告，说：

But he had pity on them, and showed them mercy; and turning from them went up to heaven, and prayed unto the Lord, and said:

 

12.  “耶和华，你派我用火焰剑看守在花园的大门。

“Lord, Thou didst send me to watch at the gate of the garden, with a sword of fire.

 

13.  但是当你的仆人，亚当和夏娃，看到我，他们就面朝地倒下，如同死了一样。我的耶和华啊，我们该拿你的仆人怎么办？”

But when Thy servants, Adam and Eve, saw me, they fell on their faces, and were as dead. O my Lord, what shall we do to Thy servants?”

 

“如同死了一样”也可翻译成“已经死了”。

 

14.  于是神就怜悯他们，给他们仁慈，派他的天使［回去］看守花园。

Then God had pity on them, and showed them mercy, and sent His Angel to keep the garden.

 

15.  耶和华的话语临到亚当和夏娃，将他们扶起。

And the Word of the Lord came unto Adam and Eve, and raised them up.

神第二次使亚当和夏娃死而复生。

 

16.  耶和华对亚当说，“我告诉过你，在第五天半结束的时候，我会派我的话语拯救你。

And the Lord said to Adam, “I told thee that at the end of five days and a half, I will send my Word and save thee.

 

17.  让你的心坚强起来，因此，留在我曾和你说过的宝藏洞里。”

Strengthen thy heart, therefore, and abide in the Cave of Treasures, of which I have before spoken to thee.”

 

神第二次对亚当重复他们立下的盟约，用话语给他安慰。

 

18.  当亚当听了神的话语，他因神和他说的感到安慰。因为神已经告诉过他，将如何拯救他。

And when Adam heard this Word from God, he was comforted with that which God had told him. For He had told him how He would save him.

 

第四章

 

亚当因状况的改变而悲痛欲绝。亚当和夏娃进入宝藏洞。

Adam laments the changed conditions. Adam and Eve enter the Cave of Treasures.

 

1.   亚当和夏娃为离开花园而哭泣，他们的第一个居住地。

But Adam and Eve wept for having come out of the garden, their first abode.

 

2.   实际上，当亚当看到他那被改变的肉体，他悲痛地哭泣，他和夏娃，为他们所做的。他们轻轻地走进宝藏洞。

And, indeed, when Adam looked at his flesh, that was altered, he wept bitterly, he and Eve, over what they have done. And they walked and went gently down into the Cave of Treasures.

 

3.   他们进去后，亚当哭着对夏娃说，“看这洞穴，它是我们在这世上的监牢，一个受惩罚的地方！

And as they came to it Adam wept over himself and said to Eve, “Look at this cave that is to be our prison in this world, and a place of punishment!

 

4.   它和花园相比是什么？和花园的宽阔相比,它的狭窄是什么？

     What is it compared with the garden? What is its narrowness         compared with the space of the other?

 

5.   和花园的表面相比，这岩石是什么？和花园的光相比，这洞的昏暗是什么？

What is this rock, by the side of those groves? What is the gloom of this cavern, compared with the light of the garden?

 

6.   和蔽护我们的耶和华的仁慈相比，这遮蔽我们的悬出的岩石是什么？

What is this overhanging ledge of rock to shelter us, compared with the mercy of the Lord that overshadowed us?

 

7.   和花园的地相比，这洞穴的土是什么？这地，被石头覆盖；而那［花园］，种满了美味的果树？”

What is the soil of this cave compared with the garden-land? This earth, strewed with stones; and that, planted with delicious fruit-trees?”

 

8.   亚当对夏娃说，“看看你眼睛，和我的，以前看得到天上赞美的天使；他们，无休止的。

And Adam said to Eve, “Look at thine eyes, and at mine, which afore beheld angels in heaven, praising; and they, too, without ceasing.

 

9.   但现在，我们不再像以前：我们的眼睛变成了属肉体的；他们不再像以前一样能看到。”

But now we do not see as we did: our eyes have become of flesh; they cannot see in like manner as they saw before.”

 

10.  亚当又对夏娃说，“和以前在花园的那些日子相比，我们今天的身体是什么”

Adam said again to Eve, “What is our body to-day, compared to what it was in former days, when we dwelt in the garden?”

 

11.  说完之后，亚当不想进入洞穴，在悬出的岩石下；他再也不想进去了。

After this Adam did not like to enter the cave, under the overhanging rock; nor would he ever have entered it.

 

12.  但是他服从了神的指令；对自己说，“除非我进入洞穴，不然我又再次成为了犯错的人。”

But he bowed to God’s orders; and said to himself, “Unless I enter the cave, I shall again be a transgressor.”

 

 

第五章

 

夏娃作了一个崇高的、充满感情的代祷，自己承担过错。

In which Eve makes a noble and emotionable intercession, taking the blame on herself.

 

1.   于是，亚当和夏娃进入洞穴，站着以他们自己的方言祷告，对我们来说是陌生的，但他们却很熟悉。

Then Adam and Even entered the cave, and stood praying, in their own tongue, unknown to us, but which they knew well.

 

2.  在他们祷告的时候，亚当抬头［只］看到洞穴上方覆盖他的岩石，他既看不到天，也看不到神的创造。于是他哭泣，并重重地击打自己的前胸，直到他倒下，如同死了一样。

And as they prayed, Adam raised his eyes, and saw the rock and the roof of the cave that covered him overhead, so that he could see neither heaven, nor God’s creatures. So he wept and smote heavily upon his breast, until he dropped, and was as dead.

 

“如同死了一样”也可翻译成“已经死了”。

 

3.   夏娃坐着哭泣，因为她相信亚当已经死了。

     And Eve sat weeping; for she believed he was dead.

 

4.   接着她站起来，向神伸出双手，恳求他的仁慈和怜悯，说，“神啊，原谅我犯下的罪，不要记在心里针对我。

Then she arose, spread her hands towards God, suing Him for mercy and pity, and said, “O God, forgive me my sin, the sin which I committed, and remember it not against me.

 

5.   因为我一人导致你的仆人从花园跌入这迷失的状况；从光跌入这黑暗；从喜悦的屋跌入这监牢。

For I alone caused Thy servant to fall from the garden into this lost estate; from light into this darkness; and from abode of joy into this prison.

 

6.   神啊，看看你跌落的仆人，让他从死亡中复活，这样他就可以为因我犯下的过犯哭泣并回改。

O God, look upon this Thy servant thus fallen, and raise him from his death, that he may weep and repent of his transgression which he committed through me.

 

7.   此刻不要带走他的魂，让他活下去，这样他就可以在回改后站立，行你的旨意，直至死亡。

Take not away his soul this once; but let him live that he may stand after the measure of his repentance, and do Thy will, as before his death.

 

8.   但是，假使你没有让他从死亡中复活，那么，神啊，带走我的魂，让我和他一样；不要把我一人留在这地牢里；因为没有他，我不能独自在这个世界上生存。

But if Thou do not raise him up, then, O God, take away my own soul, that I be like him; and leave me not in this dungeon, one and alone; for I could not stand alone in this world, but with him only.

 

9.   神啊，你使他沉睡，从他身上取了一根骨,并以你神圣的大能修复［他的］身体。

For Thou, O God, didst cause a slumber to come upon him, and didst take a bone from his side, and didst restore the flesh in the place of it, by Thy divine power.

 

10.  你把我，这骨头，使我成为一个有心、有理智和有表达力的女人，和他一样有光、有躯体；以你的仁慈和大能，使我和他相像。

And Thou didst take me, the bone, and make me a woman, bright like him, with heart, reason, and speech; and in flesh, like unto his own; and Thou didst make me after the likeness of his countenance, by Thy mercy and power.

 

11.  耶和华啊，我和他是一体的，神啊，你是我们的创造者，你在同一天造了我们。

O Lord, I and he are one and Thou, O God, art our creator, Thou  He who made us both in one day.

 

神在第六天造人，造了亚当和夏娃。

 

12.  因此，神啊，给他生命，在我们基于自己的过犯而逗留在这陌生地的期间，让他和我一起。

Therefore, O God, give him life, that he may be with me in this strange land, while we dwell in it on account of our transgression.

 

13.  但是，假使你不愿给他生命，那就把我带走吧，如我，和他一样，让我们可以在同一天一起死去。”

But if Thou wilt not give him life, then take me, even me, like him; that we both may die the same day.”

 

14.  夏娃痛哭，倒在我们的先祖亚当身上；因她的极度悲伤。

And Eve wept bitterly, and fell upon our father Adam; from her great sorrow.