加载中…Linux下查看文件/软件路径的方法
(2013-10-31 18:54:03)
标签：
linux查看文件/软件路径 |
分类： Linux笔记 |
我们经常在linux要查看某个文件或者软件位置，可以使用下面的一些命令来搜索：
- which
查看可执行文件的位置。 - whereis 查看二进制文件、源文件、用户页文件的位置。
- locate
配合数据库查看文件位置。 - find
实际搜寻硬盘查询文件名称。
- which
- 格式：
which [-a] filename - 参数：
-a print all matching pathnames of each argument - 功能描述：
which returns the pathnames of the files (or links) which would be exe‐ cuted in the current environment, had its arguments been given as com‐ mands in a strictly POSIX-conformant shell. It does this by searching the PATH for executable files matching the names of the arguments. It does not follow symbolic links.
- 格式：
- whereis
- 格式：
whereis [-bmsu] [-BMS directory... -f] filename - 参数：
-b Search only for binaries.
-m Search only for manual sections.
-s Search only for sources.
-u Search for unusual entries. A file is said to be unusual if it does not have one entry of each requested type. Thus `whereis -m -u *' asks for those files in the current direc‐ tory which have no documentation.
-B Change or otherwise limit the places where whereis searches for binaries.
-M Change or otherwise limit the places where whereis searches for manual sections.
-S Change or otherwise limit the places where whereis searches for sources.
-f Terminate the last directory list and signals the start of file names, and must be used when any of the -B, -M, or -S options are used. - 功能描述：
whereis locates source/binary and manuals sections for specified files. The supplied names are first stripped of leading pathname components and any (single) trailing extension of the form .ext, for example, .c. Prefixes of s. resulting from use of source code control are also dealt with. whereis then attempts to locate the desired program in a list of standard Linux places.
- 格式：
- locate
- 格式：
locate [OPTION] PATTERN - 参数：
-A, --all
Print only entries that match all PATTERNs instead of requiring only one of them to match.
-b, --basename
Match only the base name against the specified patterns. This is the opposite of --wholename.
-c, --count
Instead of writing file names on standard output, write the num‐ ber of matching entries only.
-d, --database DBPATH
Replace the default database with DBPATH. DBPATH is a :-sepa‐ rated list of database file names. If more than one --database option is specified, the resulting path is a concatenation of the separate paths.
An empty database file name is replaced by the default database. A database file name - refers to the standard input. Note that a database can be read from the standard input only once.
-e, --existing
Print only entries that refer to files existing at the time locate is run.
-L, --follow
When checking whether files exist (if the --existing option is specified), follow trailing symbolic links. This causes broken symbolic links to be omitted from the output.
This is the default behavior. The opposite can be specified using --nofollow.
-h, --help
Write a summary of the available options to standard output and exit successfully.
-i, --ignore-case
Ignore case distinctions when matching patterns.
-l, --limit, -n LIMIT
Exit successfully after finding LIMIT entries. If the --count option is specified, the resulting count is also limited to LIMIT.
-m, --mmap
Ignored, for compatibility with BSD and GNU locate.
-P, --nofollow, -H
When checking whether files exist (if the --existing option is specified), do not follow trailing symbolic links. This causes broken symbolic links to be reported like other files.
This is the opposite of --follow.
-0, --null
Separate the entries on output using the ASCII NUL character instead of writing each entry on a separate line. This option is designed for interoperability with the --null option of GNU xargs(1).
-S, --statistics
Write statistics about each read database to standard output instead of searching for files and exit successfully.
-q, --quiet
Write no messages about errors encountered while reading and processing databases.
-r, --regexp REGEXP
Search for a basic regexp REGEXP. No PATTERNs are allowed if this option is used, but this option can be specified multiple times.
--regex
Interpret all PATTERNs as extended regexps.
-s, --stdio
Ignored, for compatibility with BSD and GNU locate.
-V, --version
Write information about the version and license of locate on standard output and exit successfully.
-w, --wholename
Match only the whole path name against the specified patterns.
This is the default behavior. The opposite can be specified using --basename. - 功能描述：
locate reads one or more databases prepared by updatedb(8) and writes file names matching at least one of the PATTERNs to standard output, one per line. If --regex is not specified, PATTERNs can contain globbing characters. If any PATTERN contains no globbing characters, locate behaves as if the pattern were *PATTERN*. By default, locate does not check whether files found in database still exist (but it does require all parent directories to exist if the data‐ base was built with --require-visibility no). locate can never report files created after the most recent update of the relevant database.
- 格式：
- find
- 格式：
find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-D debugopts] [-Olevel] [path...] [expression] - 参数：
参数请参看man find - 功能描述：
请参看man find
- 格式：
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