写在前面的话：为了照顾到很多阅读能力差的同行，我再次醒目标注下，无词阅读法不是让同学不背单词，也不是告诉同学不背单词一定可以考高分。我的阅读授课总体包括三个方法，不同程度的同学对应不同的方法。无词阅读法排在最后，是实在没办法的情况下，蒙正确答案，或排除错误选项的方法。

 

无词阅读法不是“看到may就选，看到only就不选”这种没有逻辑的概率统计，无词阅读法理论基础建立在07年以来所有考研真题的正确错误选项标志和特点分析，考官写选项规律的总结。具体理论和方法解释见上篇博文。

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7ca32e5c0101dz93.html

 

开篇不吐槽下不爽，接下来，无词阅读法全面解析2012年英语2真题。英语基础好的同学从中熟悉下错误选项的标志特点，以便提高正确率；英语基础较差的同学可以熟悉下做题流程，且看如何在读不懂文章的情况下，从选项入手，尽量排除最多的错误选项，做最优化选择。

 

再贴下做题方法：

 

无词阅读法：

 

第一步，浏览五个题干，找出文章的主题词。（题干中或各段段首反复出现的词）

第二步，划出每个选项中的标志词，回原文定位。

第三步，筛选选项。

        1.排除细节原词重现的选项。

        2.排除文章中只出现一次的选项。

        3.排除多个词原词重现的选项。

        4.选择包含文章主题词或段落核心词的选项。

第四步，汇总整理每道题目排除的选项，做最优化选择。

 

接下来真题来了。

 

Text 1

　　Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School districts across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revising their thinking on his educational ritual. Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade。

　　This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children。

　　District administrators say that homework will still be a pat of schooling: teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip half their homework and see vey little difference on their report cards. Some students might do well on state tests without completing their homework, but what about the students who performed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible that the homework helped. Yet rather than empowering teachers to find what works best for their students, the policy imposes a flat, across-the-board rule。

　　At the same time, the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework. If the district finds homework to be unimportant to its students’ academic achievement, it should move to reduce or eliminate the assignments, not make them count for almost nothing. Conversely, if homework does nothing to ensure that the homework students are not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct。

The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board, which is responsible for setting educational policy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings. It is not too late for L.A. Unified to do homework right。

首先，同学读出完五个题干，找到文章主题词homework。

　　21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____。

　　[A] is receiving more criticism

　　[B]is no longer an educational ritual

　　[C]is not required for advanced courses

[D]is gaining more preferences

21题干提示在第一段。根据筛选选项原则1，排除原词重现的选项。排除B选项C选项。

　　22.L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students_____。

　　[A]tend to have moderate expectations for their education

　　[B]have asked for a different educational standard

　　[C]may have problems finishing their homework

[D]have voiced their complaints about homework

22题只有B选项的standard在原文中有明显出处。根据筛选选项原则1，排除B选项。

　　23.According to Paragraph 3,one problem with the policy is that it may____。

　　[A]discourage students from doing homework

　　[B]result in students' indifference to their report cards

　　[C]undermine the authority of state tests

[D]restrict teachers' power in education

23题BCD三个选项都有细节内容原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除BCD选项。

24. As mentioned in Paragraph 4, a key question unanswered about homework is whether______.

[A] it should be eliminated

　　[B]it counts much in schooling

　　[C]it places extra burdens on teachers

[D]it is important for grades

24题没有明显细节内容，名词词组或特殊动词的重现，所以不能排除任何选项。

　　25.A suitable title for this text could be______。

　　[A]Wrong Interpretation of an Educational Policy

　　[B]A Welcomed Policy for Poor Students

　　[C]Thorny Questions about Homework

[D]A Faulty Approach to Homework

25题是主旨题。主旨题是我们上篇总结过的，和文章主题有关的题目。根据筛选选项原则4，选择包含文章主题词的选项。所以正确答案应该包括homework。所以排除AB，重点从CD中考虑。C选项thorny questions又是明显的细节原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1故排除C。故，此题排除ABC三个选项。

　　Text 2

　　Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fused girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interests。

　　Girls' attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it's not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What's more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children's marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem innately attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years。

　　I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children's behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s。

　　Trade publications counseled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a "third stepping stone" between infant wear and older kids' clothes. It was only after "toddler" became common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist。

　　26. By saying "it is ... The rainbow"(line 3, Para 1)， the author means pink _______。

　　A should not be the sole representation of girlhood

　　B should not be associated with girls' innocence

　　C cannot explain girls' lack of imagination

　　D cannot influence girls' lives and interests

26题BCD都有明显原词重现。根据筛选选项原则1，排除BCD三个选项。　

　27. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?

　　A Colors are encoded in girls' DNA

　　B Blue used to be regarded as the color for girls

　　C Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing genders

D White is preferred by babies

27题同学应注意的是，ABCD四个选项都有原词的重现。根据筛选选项原则3，排除多个词原词重现的选项。每个选项都包括形容颜色的细节信息，但A选项还包括细节内容DNA, C选项还包括细节内容 symbolizing genders，D选项还包括细节内容babies。所以，排除ACD三个选项。

　　28. The author suggests that our perception of children's psychological devotement was much influenced by ________。

　　[A] the marketing of products for children

　　[B] the observation of children's nature

　　[C] researches into children's behavior

[D] studies of childhood consumption

28题同学也能发现四个选项都有一个词或词组在原文中出现，根据筛选选项原则4，选择包含段落核心词的选项。Marketing这个词在该段两次出现，是主题和细节中都被提及的段落核心词。所以应选A选项，排除BCD三个选项。

　　29. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised ________。

　　A focuses on infant wear and older kids' clothes

　　B attach equal importance to different genders

　　C classify consumers into smaller groups

D create some common shoppers' terms

29题比较简单，ABD三个选项都有原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除ABD三个选项。

　　30. It can be concluded that girl's attraction to pink seems to be _____。

　　A clearly explained by their inborn tendency

　　B fully understood by clothing manufacturers

　　C mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen

D well interpreted by psychological experts

30这道题目不对应原文任何信息，也找不到原词重现，所以不能排除任何选项。

　　Text 3

　　In 2010. a federal judge shook America's biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades-by 2005 some 20% of human genes were parented. But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable. Executives were violently agitated. The Biotechnology Industry Organisation (BIO)， a trade group, assured members that this was just a “preliminary step” in a longer battle。

　　On July 29th they were relieved, at least temporarily. A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed hold patents to two genes that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer. The chief executive of Myriad, a company in Utah, said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike。

　　But as companies continue their attempts at personalised medicine, the courts will remain rather busy. The Myriad case itself is probably not over. Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents' monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's. A growing number seem to agree. Last year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests. In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case, arguing that an isolated DNA molecule “is no less a product of nature... than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds。”

　　Despite the appeals court's decision, big questions remain unanswered. For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it. The case may yet reach the Supreme Court。

　　AS the industry advances, however, other suits may have an even greater impact. Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules - most are already patented or in the public domain .firms are now studying how genes interact, looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug’s efficacy. Companies are eager to win patents for ‘connecting the dots’, explains Hans Sauer, a lawyer for the BIO。

　　Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO recently held a convention which included sessions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents. Each meeting was packed。

　　31. It can be learned from paragraph I that the biotech companies would like______

　　A. their executives to be active

　　B. judges to rule out gene patenting

　　C. genes to be patentable

D. the BIO to issue a warning

31题四个选项也都有原文重现。但gene patents无论是从题干上看，还是第一段内容上看，都是反复出现的文章主题词。而A选项的executive，B选项的judges，D选项的BIO都是原文细节的原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除ABD三个选项。

　　32. Those who are against gene patents believe that_____

　　A. genetic tests are not reliable

　　B. only man-made products are patentable

　　C. patents on genes depend much on innovations

D. courts should restrict access to genetic tests

32题CD两个选项都有细节原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除CD两个选项。

　　33. According to Hans Sauer, companies are eager to win patents for_____

　　A. establishing disease correlation

　　B. discovering gene interactions

　　C. drawing pictures of genes

D. identifying human DNA

33题ABD都有明显的细节原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除ABD（注意！这道题正确答案其实是A选项。这也是用无词阅读法排除，2012年英语2四篇文章唯一错杀的一个选项。但本着负责的态度，我们这个题什么都不知道，还是按照方法，排除ABD，最后再统计无词阅读法排除选项的成功率。）

　　34.By saying “each meeting was packed”(line4,para6)the author means that_____

　　A. the Supreme Court was authoritative

　　B. the BIO was a powerful organization

　　C. gene patenting was a great concern

D. lawyers were keen to attend conventions

34题明显ABD有细节原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除ABD。

　　35. Generally speaking, the author’s attitude toward gene patenting is_____

　　A. critical

　　B. supportive

　　C. scornful

D. objective

35题选项里没有原词重现的单词，无法排除任何选项。

　　Text 4

　　The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning. Before it ends,

　　It will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it is likely to reshape our politics, our culture, and the character of our society for years。

　　No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending。

　　But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S. , lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes。

　　Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind。

　　In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden within American society. More difficult, in the moment, is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the U.S. was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend。

　　36.By saying “to find silver linings”(Line 1,Para.2)the author suggest that the jobless try to___。

　　[A]seek subsidies from the government

　　[B]explore reasons for the unemployment

　　[C]make profits from the troubled economy

[D]look on the bright side of the recession

36题全文第一题，我们上篇博文讲过，这也是可能和主题有关的题目。从题干中易得出，该篇文章主题词是，recession。根据筛选选项原则4，选择包含文章主题词的选项，选择D选项，排除ABC三个选项。

　　37. According to Paragraph 2,the recession has made people_____。

　　[A]realize the national dream

　　[B]struggle against each other

　　[C]challenge their prudence

[D]reconsider their lifestyle

37题明显ABC三个选项在文章中都有原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除ABC三个选项。

　　38. Benjamin Friedman believed that economic recession may_____。

　　[A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants

　　[B]bring out more evils of human nature

　　[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms

[D]ease conflicts between races and classes

38题明显ACD三个选项细节内容原词重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除ACD三个选项。

　　39. The research of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tend to _____。

　　[A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities

　　[B]catch up quickly with experienced employees

　　[C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’

[D]recover more quickly than the others

39题ABC三个选项都有明显的细节内容重现，根据筛选选项原则1，排除ABC三个选项。

　　40. The author thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____。

　　[A]certain

　　[B]positive

　　[C]trivial

　　[D]destructive

40题没有明显原词重现，不能排除任何选项。

 

接下来，重头戏，第四步，汇总整理每道题目排除的选项，做最优化选择。

 

首先，同学现将自己能确定排除的选项整理好。

21. BC   22. B   23. BCD   24. 无   25. ABC  

26. BCD   27. ACD   28. BCD   29. ABD   30无

31. ABD   32. CD   33. ABD   34. ABD   35 无

36. ABC   37. ABC   38. ACD   39.ABC   40. 无

 

其次，同学把能直接选出的答案写出来。

23. A   25. D   26. A   27. B   28. A   29. C

31. C   33. C   34. C   36. D   37. D   38. B   39. D

 

简单统计3个A, 2个B, 4个C, 4个D.

按一般的选项平均分布规律看，还没有做选择的题目中，应该有2个A，3个B，1个C，1个D。

所以，B是第一优先级选择选项，A是第二优先级选项，CD是第三优先级选项。接下来的题目中，同学应该尽量多选B。如果B在题目中被排除了，我们再选A这样的第二优先级选项。比如24题，我们当然要选B。但21题我们已经把BC排除了，所以我们只能选第二优先级选项A。

 

最后，按概率分析补足其他题目答案。

21. A  22. A  24. B  30. B  32. B  35. B  40. B

结合已经做出的答案，

23. A   25. D   26. A   27. B   28. A   29. C

31. C   33. C   34. C   36. D   37. D   38. B   39. D

 

答案统计，AAABD   ABACB   CBCCB   DDBDB

 

接下来，参考北京新东方考研英语二补充教材答案：

 

ACABD   ABACC   CBACD   DDBDA

 

数据统计：

得分 30分

排除的错误选项 44个（其中有1个把正确选项误排了）

 

 

写在最后的话：2012英语2这次考试题目用无词法做完确实比较爽，说实话，我当时用我这个方法做完这篇文章也吓了一跳。这次考试可以说是一次特例。但最近的一次考试，用我们的方法可以排除20道题目中，60个错误选项里的43个选项。这也很能说明，无词阅读法确实抓住了考官近些年出错误选项的规律。

 

希望同学能按照自己的情况，从文章中获得对大家有用的信息。祝大家考研成功。