1.     Social background: The 18^th-century England witnessed the growing importance of the bourgeois or middle class. (2fen)

①    The Industrial Revolution. (1fen)

②    The expansion on international markets. (1fen)

③    Values/virtues/moral standards/… are different from those of the feudal aristocratic class. Such qualities as courageous, full of energy, hard-working, practical, resourceful, self-reliant, etc. are emphasized; (3fen)

④    Thus, literature should give/provide a realistic presentation of the life of the common people; it should meet the demand / interest of the middle class people. (2 fen)

2.     Robinson Crusoe embodies the virtues of the middle cmass people; (1fen)

①    Crusoe as an adventurous/ courageous man full of energy and courage: (example from the text); (2fen)

②    Crusoe as a practical man: (example from the text); (1fen)

③    Crusoe as a resourceful / self-reliant man: (example from the text); (1fen)

④    Crusoe as a patient / persistent man: (example from the text); (1fen)

⑤    Some others.