转自     我就爱我的家  http://blog.sina.com.cn/shanjiangxia

不及物动词没有被动语态

1. feel类(V+ N. + adj.)

   这类动词作系动词的用法时，后面常接形容词或名词，有的后面可接to be，亦可省去。这样的动词有：appear, prove, seem, turn, sound, look, feel, taste, smell, remain等。例如：

He proves (to be) honest/(to be)an honest man.

— Haven’t seen you for ages! You look fine.

— Thanks. You look well. (NMET 1994)

I love to go to the seaside in summer. It feels good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. (NMET 1996)

She looks familiar to me, but I don't remember her name. (NMET 1999)

2. read类(V +adj.)

此类动词的主动形式表被动意义，这样的动词有：sell, wash, read , rent, lock, tear, work out, act, break, carry, cook, count, cut, iron, clean, draw, keep, open, wear等。例如：

    This sort of cloth washes well.     This kind of cloth wears well.

Your pen writes smoothly.      Your speech reads well.

Books of this kind sell well. (上海高考1999)

3. surprise类(V + O)

    这类动词本身含有“使…”的意思，这样的动词有：seat, engage , amuse , surprise , becalm , belittle , delight , enable , enrich , remind, remove, strengthen, lengthen, deafen, darken, harden, sadden, worsen, whiten, simplify, solidify等。例如：

The kind of medicine has becalmed the patient.   

Your visit last week delighted him.

That story reminded me of an experience I had long ago.

We have to take some measures to purify the air in this area.

4. have类动词

英语中一些表存在、状态、构成、所有、心理等动词一般不用进行时，这样的动词有：appear(看来)，hold(保持)，lie(位于)，remain(保持)，seem(似乎)，stand(坐落)，belong to(属于)，consist of(组成)，contain(包含)，depend on(依靠)，have(有)，resemble(像)，feel(感到)，hear(听到)，see(看到)，smell(闻到)，taste(尝到)，understand(懂得)，remember(记得)，know(知道)等。例如：

Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.   

He smelt something burning.

I believe that he believes in me.

5. belong类

    英语中有些动词常没有被动语态，如：have, fit. lack, resemble, suit, hold, cost, suffer, last, become, stand, belong, depend on, happen, take place, break out, turn out等。例如：

The room can hold 100 people.    

They suffered heavy losses.

Great changes have taken place in this town in the past 10 years.

6. afford类( V+ to do sth. )

    这类动词常接不定式作宾语，主要有：afford, agree, aim, arrange , ask , attempt , beg , bother , care , choose , claim , dare , decide , demand, desire, determine, expect, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, long, manage, mean, offer , plan , prepare , pretend , promise, refuse, swear, tend, trouble, want, wish等。例如：

He promised to buy me a bike for my birthday.

How 1 wished to go there. ( NMET 1998) .

Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare, you must learn to share. (NMET2000)

7. decide类(V+ wh- + to do sth.)

    此类动词常可接疑问词加不定式作宾语，主要有：ask, consider, decide, discover, discuss, explain, forget, guess, hesitate, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, think, understand, wonder, find out, make out, think out等。例如：

I really don’t know where to go.   

I wonder which to choose.

I cannot make out how to use this computer.

I've worked with children before, so I know what to except in my new job. (NMET2000)

8. enjoy类(V + doing)

此类动词常接-ing分词作宾语，这样的动词有：admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, consider, defend, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can' t help, imagine, involve, keep, mind, miss, pardon, practice, prevent, resist, risk, suffer, suggest, give up, put off, set about, be worth, be used to, look forward to, pay attention to, devote oneself to, be devoted to, feel like, burst out等。例如：

You must practise playing the piano every day.

I don’t mind closing the door.

He is used to getting up early.   

The patient kept coughing all night. ( NMET1997)

I look forward to hearing from you. ( NMET 1997)

9. try类(V + to do sth.／doing)

    此类动词既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语，有时意思区别不大，有时则大不相同，具体说来，在like, love, bear, intend, plan, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue后接不定式和动名词区别不大；而在try, remember, forget, mean, stop, can't help, go on等后面则大不一样，具体如下：

try to do sth. (努力去做…)       

try doing sth. (试着去做…)

remember to do sth. (记得要做…)       

remember doing sth. (记得做过…)

forget to do sth. (忘记要做某事…)       

forget doing sth. (忘记做过某事…)

mean to do sth (打算做某事…)       

mean doing sth. (意味着…)

can’t help to do sth. (不能帮助做某事)      

can’t help doing sth. (禁不住做某事)

stop to do sth. (停止某事做另一件事)      

stop doing sth. (停止做某事)

go on to do sth. (接下来做另一件事)      

go on doing sth. (继续做同一件事)

    例如：

I like playing football, but I don't like to play football this afternoon.

She can’t help to do housework for you.   

She can’t help crying.

Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. (NMET1994)

Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle. (NMET 1994)

I would love to have gone to the party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (NMET 1997)

Why haven't you bought any butter?

I meant to but I forgot about it. (NMET 2001)

Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? (NMET 2001)

10. need类(V + V-ing／to be done)

    这类动词既可接主动形式的分词又可接被动形式的不定式作宾语，这样的动词有：need, require, want, bear, stand, forbid , deserve等。例如：

The old man needs looking after/to be looked after.

He deserves punishing /to be punished.

The work is worth doing/ worthy to be done.