Lesson 107   It’s too small. 太小了。

By—酸梅汤

 

New words and expressions生词和短语

☺ madam ：['mædəm]

♣1.(对妇女的恭敬称呼)夫人,太太,小姐
    Can I help you, madam? 夫人,我能为您效劳吗?

♣2. (大写)(正式书信中对妇女的尊称) 女士   Madam Suan 酸女士

♣3. (大写)(用于职称或姓名前面的称呼) 女士,夫人

Madam Xian 咸女士

口语中： "ma'am" （通常出现于美国和加拿大） 缩写为：Mme

    The term was borrowed from the French “madame”, which means "my lady“ 借鉴法语

Mister (Mr) 先生的尊称    Mr. K  K先生

☺ smart ：[smɑ:t]  adj.形容词

♣漂亮的;时髦的;潇洒的
You look smart in the new suit. 你穿这套新衣服很帅气。

♣ 整齐的,整洁的
The boys are in their smart school uniforms.男学生身着整齐校服。（uniforms  n.制服 school uniforms校服）

♣伶俐的,机警的;精明的
He is smart and can take care of himself. 他很精明可以照顾他自己。

♣轻快的,敏捷的,活泼的
She walked along at a smart pace. 她轻快地向前走着。（at a smart pace以一种轻快的步伐）

☺ as well: 同样

♣ as well和too 都有"也"的意思, 但是之间的用法有些许不同, 具体如下:

1.    too: 一般置于句尾,或作为插入语放在句中,只能用于肯定句,口语中与"also"通用.

I like English, too.=I also like English. 我也喜欢英语。

He thinks the other way is better. I do, too(他认为那个方法好一些,我也这样想).

2. as well和too都可以指主语,也可以指其它部分,视情况而定.too可以放在紧接主语的地方,但是as well不可以这样用.

♣ Leon teaches English as well .

别人教英语,Leon也教英语. （as well修饰Leon时）

Leon教别的,也教英语. （as well修饰English时）

Leon做其它事,还教英语.（as well修饰teach时）

☺ suit：英音：[su:t]  美音：[sut]

名词 n.

1. (一套)衣服

I picked out a black suit. 我挑了一套黑色西装。（pick out v. 挑出, 辨认出）

2. 诉讼

Fighter will bring a suit against his boss. Fighter要对老板提出控告。( against sb./sth.针对某人/某事)

及物动词 vt.

1. 适合,中...的意
The arrangement suited us both. 这个安排对我们两人都合适。（arrangement [ə'reindʒmənt] n.布置, 安排）

2. (不用被动式)与...相配,与...相称
The coat doesn't suit you.这件外衣不太适合你 。

3. 使合适;使适应[(+to)]
Her speech was well suited to the occasion. 她的讲话在这个场合十分得体。（speech n.演说, 演讲occasion n.场合, 时机)

♣ fit   指大小、形状的合适，引申为吻合、协调。

♣ suit指合乎需要、口味、条件、地位，以及花色、款式等与某人的皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称。

例子：This new jacket fits her well . 这件夹克很合她的身。

对比：This new jacket suits Lao Nanren beautifully . 这件夹克喜欢老男人穿着真漂亮。

♣ 他不适合我He didn‘t suit me. （我不喜欢他）。

fit…for  &  suit…to

当表示“使……适合”的意思时，fit 常与 for 连用；suit 常与 to 连用。 例如：

His experience fits him for the job. 他的经验使他适合这份工作。（experience [iks'piəriəns] n.经验, 经历）

He suited his speech to his audience. 他使自己的演讲适合于听众。

☺ pretty：['priti]

形容词 adj.

1. (用于女性、小孩及小物件)漂亮的;秀丽的;可爱的
What a pretty house it is! 多漂亮的一栋房子! （感叹句）
Xiao Keai's so pretty. 小可爱真漂亮。

2. 优美的;悦耳的;令人愉快的
Nuan Yang's got a pretty voice. 暖阳的声音很悦耳。（Nuan Yang's=Nuan Yang has)

副词 adv. 相当,颇,很,非常
Her sister is still pretty sick. 她的妹妹仍病得很重。

♫  beautiful  fair  handsome  lovely  pretty  fine

beautiful: 普通用词，含义广泛，语气最强，指优美和谐，是一种几乎接近完美的美。指人时通常形容女人或小孩，很少用于描写男子。
fair: 正式用词，多用于文学中，形容女子和儿童，侧重外表的美。my fair lady窈窕淑女（赫本饰演）
handsome: 多用于描写男性的英俊潇洒。有时也形容女人，指其五官端正，体态秀丽。
lovely: 普通用词，描写人时，主要指女人和小孩的相貌，带有可爱的含义。语气不如beautiful强。
pretty: 普通用词，语气比beautiful弱，多用于描写妇女、儿童以及小巧玲珑，精美可爱之物。
fine: 指在容貌、身材或风度等方面令人感到可爱，给人的感觉很好。用于事物时，强调形式或内容的优美

 

课文：

ASSISTANT: Do you like this dress, madam?

LADY:      I like the colour very much.

            It's a lovely dress, but it's too small for me.

ASSISTANT: What about this one?

            It's a lovely dress. It's very smart.

            Short skirts are in fashion now.

            Would you like to try it?

LADY:      All right.

LADY:      I'm afraid this green dress is too small for me  as well.

            It's smaller than the blue one.

LADY:      I don't like the colour either.

            It doesn't suit me at all.

            I think the blue dress is prettier.

LADY:      Could you show me another blue dress?

            I want a dress like that one,

            but it must be my size.

ASSISTANT: I'm afraid I haven't got a larger dress.

            This is the largest dress in the shop.

 

 

 

 

Notes on the text课文注释

1.madam,是对妇女的一种尊称，服务行业的人员常用此来称呼顾客；同时对于不知道姓名的女士也可以使用该词以示尊重。这个单词也可以拼成ma'am

2.It's too small for me.它对我来说太小了。（too 太；for sb. 对某人来说。）

(1) too + adj. + for sth. 对…来说太…

These shoes are too small for Mac. 这双鞋对Mac来说太小了。

This test is too difficult for me.  

(2) too + adj. + to do sth.太…..而以至于不能… =…so…that…从句

He is too young to go to school.他太小了以至于不能去上学。=He is so young that he can’t go to school.

(3) only too + adj. + to do sth.只是很…去做… 

 I shall be only too pleased to go swimming with you.我就是很高兴能和你一起去游泳。 

3、What about this one (= dress) ? (one在这里指代上文中的dress)

♣ What about...? 那…怎么样呢？

what about the weather in your country/city?你们国家/城市的天气怎么样？

4、Short skirts are in fashion now.泛指短裙，所以用复数。

♣ in fashion 时髦，时尚    out of fashion过时了

5、Would you like to try it?表示委婉的请求和建议= Do you want to try it?

♣ would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 愿意/想要做某事（动词不定式）

♣ would like sth. = want sth. 想要某物（直接加名词/代词）

Would you like to go shopping? （接动词不定式to go shopping）

Would you like a cup of coffee?

这里的try = try on 试穿。

try on the dress（名词放后）；try it on（代词放中）try out 实验，检测

♣ try to do =  try one`s best to do

6、I'm afraid (that) this green dress is too small for me as well. 宾语从句。（省略了引导词that）

=I’m afraid (that) this green dress is too small for me too.

宾语从句。as well = too 也（放在句尾），相当于as well as that blue dress

--I'm afraid (that) this green dress is too small for me as well as that blue dress.

7、It's smaller than the blue one. 形容词的比较级。介词than引出比较的对象。(it指代试穿的绿裙子)

8、I don't like the colour either. = I don't like the colour as well.

♣ 也就是说，as well可以用在肯定句中，也可以用在否定句中。 either用在否定句中. too用在肯定句中,放在句尾

9、It doesn't suit me at all.这颜色一点也不合适我。

♣ suit 适合颜色，需要，口味，性格条件，地位等。

♣ fit指大小、尺寸合体

The colour doesn’t suit you.

No dish suits all tastes

♣ not...at all 一点儿也不。

Xiao Yi and Xi Xi didn’t like the movie at all.小义和希希一点也不喜欢那部电影。

10、I think (that) the blue dress is prettier（than the green dress). 宾语从句。我认为那蓝裙子比这绿裙子更漂亮。

♣ pretty-prettier-the prettiest

11、Could you show me another blue dress?

♣ Could you...? 你能做…么？（比Can you...? 语气更加委婉）

Could you do me a favor?你能帮我个忙吗？

♣ show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物展示给某人

Stacy showed her new dress to Da Bai.宅家展示她的新裙子给大白看。= Stacy showed Da Bai her new dress.

Gan Gan showed Jiao Zhi her new iphone.巴尔干半岛把她的新iphone给脚趾看。

12、I want a dress like that one, but it must be my size.                 

♣ like 像..一样must be 情态动词+动词原形(主观性强）。

♣ size 尺寸：large size，small size

13、I'm afraid (that) I haven't got a larger dress. 宾语从句。（have在此处作助动词，构成现在完成时态）

♣ have got = have

=I'm afraid (that) I don’t have a larger dress. （have在此处作实义动词“有，拥有” ）   

双方都很清楚的情况下，可以省略比较对象（than this one）

14、This is the largest dress in the shop.

形容词的最高级。large-larger-the largest

最高级一定要有取值范围（或是通过上下文显示）。

He is the tallest in our class/of them all/.他是我们班最高的/他是他们所有人中最高的。

KK is the smartest man I’ve ever seen. KK是我所见过的人中最机灵的。

 

Grammar in use语法

形容词的比较级和最高级

★ 概念：比较级用于两者作比较；最高级用于三者或三者以上作比较（要有取值范围of/in）。

★ 变化规则：

1.以不发音的e结尾，单个字母e结尾，比较级+r，最高级+st。

cute-cuter-cutest,  large-larger-largest

2.一般在词尾加-er,-est

smart-smarter-smartest,  hard-harder=hardest

3.以重读闭音节(辅音+元音+辅音）结尾，并且词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读迎接结尾的词，应双写结尾的辅音字母，再加er和est

fat-fatter-fattest,   thin-thinner-thinnest,

big-bigger-biggest

4.以辅音+y结尾的（单个y发音的）去y为i+er/i+est

happy-happier-happiest,   easy-easier-easiest

5.多音节（大于等于3个音节）的比较级和最高级是在单词前面+more/most，表示更加怎么样

delicious- more delicious- most delicious

expensive- more expensive- most expensive

6.不规则变化只能靠记住

good/well-better-best, many/much-more-most

far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

 

比较句型

1）原级比较：as＋形容词＋（a ／an）＋名词＋as ; 否定式：not as/so --- as

He is as good a player as his brother. 他和他哥哥一样是一个好的选手。

English is not so(as) difficult a subject as French. 英语不是像法语一样难的科目。

2)两者之间的比较：形容词或副词比较级 +than+(比较对象）

He is taller than me.他比我高。

He is the taller of the two boys.他比那两个男孩儿更高。

3）最高级：（the）+形容词/副词最高级+比较范围

He is the tallest of the three boys/of them all.他是这三个男孩中最高的/他是他们所有人中最高的。

He is one of the tallest boys in our class.他是我们班高个子男生的其中一个

He is the second tallest boy in our class.他是我们班第二高的男生。

4）The + more + Adj + S主语 + V动词, the + more + Adj + S主语 + V动词（愈...愈...）

The harder we work, the more progress we make. 我们愈努力，我们愈进步。

The older I get, the happier I am. 越老我就活得越开心。

The more you argue with him, the less notice he takes.

 

实战演练

1. A is 10 years old, B is 11 years old.

  —A is younger than B.

2. Tom is 160 cm, Lucy is 170 cm.

  —Lucy is taller than Tom.

3. The elephant is 893 kg, the pig is 158 kg.

  —The elephant is heavier than the pig.

4. He is fatter than Tom.(fat)

5. Jim studies harder than Susan.(hard)

6. This bag is heavier than that one.(heavy)

7. John runs more quickly than Lucy.(quickly)

 

 

 

Thanks for your attention