英语当中to的省略情况
(2011-07-27 14:19:08)
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杂谈 |
前面有to了后面的可以省略
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的。在实际运用中,小品词to在某些场合会被省略,下面简要归纳一下这些特殊情况。
1.在某些表示感官的动词(组)如fell, listen to, hear, look at, see, watch, notic等的复合宾语中,动词不定式不带to。例如:
We often hear her sing this song.
我们经常听到她唱这首歌。
I saw him play basketball.
我见过他打篮球。
2.在使役动词make, let, have等的复合宾语中,动词不定式不带to。例如:
Now let me hear you play.
现在让我听你演奏。
They made him work all day.
他们让他整天工作。
注意:上述两类句子若是变为被动语态,则原来作宾语补足语的不定式须带to。例如:
She is often heard to sing this song.
He was made to work all day.
3.动词help的复合宾语中,动词不定式既可带to,也可不带to。例如:
Will you help me learn English?=Will you help me to learn English?
4.help后面的动词不定式作宾语时也可省去to。例如:
Then he helped sweep the floor.
那时他帮助扫地。
The new policy has helped raise his wages.
新政策使他提高了工资。
5.当两个或两个以上不定式短语连用而且作用相同时,那么除第一个不定式短语用to外,其余的不定式短语可省略to。例如:
This article is easy to read and understand.
这篇文章浅显易懂。
He taught us to read and write.
他教我们读书、写字。
但是,若是在对照的场合(即强调对比)时,则不可省去to。例如:
It is better to laugh than to cry.
笑比哭好。13:26 2009-5-10ryedu.net
6.在had better, would rather, why not…固定结构中,动词不定式不带to。例如:
You’d better go home now.
你现在最好回家。
She would rather stay here.
她宁愿呆在这儿。
7. 当介词but, except, besides前面有一个实义动词do时,不定式在介词之后可省去to.例如:
We can do nothing but wait.
除了等待之外,我们别无办法。
What do you like to do besides play piano?
除了弹钢琴之外,你还喜欢做什么?
8.如果不定式作表语,且主语部分有all, what, only或是最高级形容词修饰的名词和实义动词do时,作表语的不定式可省去to。例如:
All you need to do now is have a good rest.
现在你所需要的是好好休息。
What I want to do is finish my homework.
我要做的是完成作业。
The best way to do is wait till she returns.
最好的办法是等她回来。
The only thing you can do is sleep.
你惟一可做的只有睡觉了
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的。在实际运用中,小品词to在某些场合会被省略,下面简要归纳一下这些特殊情况。
1.在某些表示感官的动词(组)如fell, listen to, hear, look at, see, watch, notic等的复合宾语中,动词不定式不带to。例如:
We often hear her sing this song.
我们经常听到她唱这首歌。
I saw him play basketball.
我见过他打篮球。
2.在使役动词make, let, have等的复合宾语中,动词不定式不带to。例如:
Now let me hear you play.
现在让我听你演奏。
They made him work all day.
他们让他整天工作。
注意:上述两类句子若是变为被动语态,则原来作宾语补足语的不定式须带to。例如:
She is often heard to sing this song.
He was made to work all day.
3.动词help的复合宾语中,动词不定式既可带to,也可不带to。例如:
Will you help me learn English?=Will you help me to learn English?
4.help后面的动词不定式作宾语时也可省去to。例如:
Then he helped sweep the floor.
那时他帮助扫地。
The new policy has helped raise his wages.
新政策使他提高了工资。
5.当两个或两个以上不定式短语连用而且作用相同时,那么除第一个不定式短语用to外,其余的不定式短语可省略to。例如:
This article is easy to read and understand.
这篇文章浅显易懂。
He taught us to read and write.
他教我们读书、写字。
但是,若是在对照的场合(即强调对比)时,则不可省去to。例如:
It is better to laugh than to cry.
笑比哭好。13:26 2009-5-10ryedu.net
6.在had better, would rather, why not…固定结构中,动词不定式不带to。例如:
You’d better go home now.
你现在最好回家。
She would rather stay here.
她宁愿呆在这儿。
7. 当介词but, except, besides前面有一个实义动词do时,不定式在介词之后可省去to.例如:
We can do nothing but wait.
除了等待之外,我们别无办法。
What do you like to do besides play piano?
除了弹钢琴之外,你还喜欢做什么?
8.如果不定式作表语,且主语部分有all, what, only或是最高级形容词修饰的名词和实义动词do时,作表语的不定式可省去to。例如:
All you need to do now is have a good rest.
现在你所需要的是好好休息。
What I want to do is finish my homework.
我要做的是完成作业。
The best way to do is wait till she returns.
最好的办法是等她回来。
The only thing you can do is sleep.
你惟一可做的只有睡觉了
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