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何伟的《甲骨文》及其他

(2015-01-31 11:05:09)
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教育

时评

历史

文化

何伟的《甲骨文》及其他

    《江城》是他的第一部作品,这部作品的中文版在中国大陆得以顺利出版,而他的《甲骨文》的命运就没有这么好了。他的《江城》我看了有两三年了,而想起来看他的《甲骨文》,则是因为我在亚马逊和当当网等图书网站上都没有看到有这本书的中译本卖,好奇之下,在网上下了PDF版的书(请原谅我的侵权行为),两个月的闲暇时光埋首于其中。不用看完,我们都知道为什么这本书在国内没有公开发行。

    读后感挺多的,说起来却发现都是老生常谈的事情,正印证了我们缺乏的不是什么高深的理论辉煌的成就,我们缺乏的其实是基本的常识和真诚。下面摘录一些豆瓣上的网友摘录的一些书中片段,而这些片段,有些是在中译本中根本没有的。

   (以下文字摘自豆瓣网友jean发表于豆瓣的书评)

《甲骨》中引用的 Keightley 的一些有趣的观点:
  
  In classical Chinese literature, the hero is essentially a bureaucrat. He organizes and regulates; in battle, he is better known for making plans than he is for fighting. The early Chinese classics don't linger on desriptions of warfare -- the gore of death, the muck of the battlefield. "You don't get that attention to dirty detail that you have in the Iliad and the Odyssey," Keightley says, "It's all about what the person does, what his talents are. It's very pragmatic, very existential."
  
  中国古典文学里的英雄常常是个官员(bureaucrat)。他组织并且管理;在战争中,他的英名往往因为他的善于计划而不是身体力行的作战(fighting)。早期的中国古典著作从不在战争本身的细节--死亡的血腥,战场上的残骸--上面浪费笔墨。“你不会看到伊利亚特和奥德赛里面那些肮脏的细节,” Keightley 说,“完全是关于这个英雄做了些什么,他的才能如何。非常务实,非常存在主义。”
  
  ...Chinese seem to produce bureaucracy as instinctively as the West creates heroes. But he emphasizes that this is not a value judgment; in fact, the need for Western-style heroism -- decision, action -- might naturally produce war. Historians have long theorized that Europeans educated in the Greek classics were particularly willing to rush headlong into the First World War.
  
  中国善于制造官员的能力类似于西方善于制造英雄。但是他强调说这并不意味着我们在定义孰优孰劣。其实西方的英雄主义--果断、行动--往往更容易制造战争。历史学家早就有理论证明希腊经典学教育出来的欧洲人才习惯于莽撞地一头扎到一次大战的泥潭里面。
  
  ...in ancient China there is no evil act. There's no sense of original sin. There is no interest in theodicy, in explaining evil in the world.
  
  古中国没有任何关于“恶行”的记载。没有原罪的概念。对神义学,解释世界上为什么有邪恶这门理论,毫无兴趣,
  
  There's no room in this culture for a skeptic.
  
  这个(中国)文化里没有怀疑论者的立足之地。
  
  
  倒数第二章是 Hessler 和另一位亚洲语言学者,Imre Galambos, 关于文字的讨论。 Imre Galambos 是匈牙利人,但是他只有一半匈牙利血统,四分之一卡扎克斯坦血统,四分之一鞑靼人学统。在伯克莱拿到中国古文字书写系统博士学位,现在住在伦敦和匈牙利。
  
  Imre Galambos 的一些关于文字,中美文化的有趣见解:
  
  ...language itself creates reality.
  
  语言能够定义现实。
  
  When you're a kid, you're not just learning how to speak; you're learning how to perceive a reality. It's almost like a computer language, an internal code that makes you able to think.
  
  当你是个孩子,学习语言的同时,你也在学习如何理解现实。 几乎是一种计算机语言,一种内在的解码使你能够思想。
  
  ...and he tells me that Americans don't have the same relationship to the written word that he noticed among the Chinese. For the Chinese, writing seemed to be the root of their cultural identity, but many of his American students were unfamiliar with their nation's literary classics. I ask him if anything in American culture might be the rought equivalent of writing in China.
  "Maybe it's movies," he says.
  
  "The movies are writing. They serve the same purpose; it's just a different language. In China they wrote the most in the times when they most needed to redefine themselves. It's not passivity; it's creativity. It's not taking notes. It's about rethinking the past and creating the present. ....So in America they have these movies that make people feel American... You have these models and patterns that are ready to use. They give you a language, just like books do. They give you a language to parse out your personality, to understand it, or display it, or express it."
  
  他说美国人没有中国人那样对文字有感情。对中国人来说,文字几乎是他们文化认同的根源,但是他的很多美国学生根本不熟悉美国经典文学。我问他美国文化里有没有类似于中国文字的东西呢?“也许是电影吧。”他说。
  
  “电影是一种记录。它们的功能类似;只是一种不同的语言。在中国,人们在需要重新定义自己时会奋笔疾书。这一点也不消极,是一种创造。跟记笔记不同。书写过程是重新定义过去和创造现在的过程。在美国,电影使人们觉得自己很美国。。。 你可以随意使用调节这些段落和模块。电影和书一样,给你一种语言。你可以用这个语言来分析自己的性格,理解它,呈现它,表达它。”
  

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