College English II

 

unit 1

I.                   Pre-reading one (Class room study):

1.      The song

A.     Questions before song

B.     Listening to the song

C.     The singers: 由David Crosby, Stephen Stills 和Graham Nash 组成的音乐团队，因为成员们那鲜明、反差的个性，因为他们紧跟当时政治经济动荡的节拍，不仅成为六十年代晚期、七十年代及八十年代早期最成功的的巡回演唱、录制唱片组合，而且也是唯一的基于美国的在全方位的社会影响力方面达到甲克虫队的影响力乐队。这个三人组组合声音融合得别具一格，他们的音乐内容从民歌到通俗歌曲到硬摇滚。CSN的第一张专辑发布于1969年。它紧跟时代步伐，所以一炮走红。

2.      Education

当今教育界的许多争议都围绕着多大程度上教学应该是以教师为中心，还是学生为中心。

一个极端以学生为中心的例子

主流教学模式

按照全国统一的课程学习

取得优异的考试成绩

强化教师为中心的教学模式

学生和老师都觉得时间太紧，很少有时间进行探索性学习

1. Word building:

1.      One of the most ____ lessons I got in the practice was that I must stick to my plans. (tell)

2.      A guest was encouraged to turn in the key by handing it to an ____. (attend)

3.      The little boy loved to carry the key around, shaking it ____. (vigor)

4.      Because of the boy’s ____ understanding of the need to position the key just so, he would usually fail. (complete)

5.      He probably got as much ____ out of the sounds the key made as he did those few times when the key actually found its way into the slot. (please)

6.      Now both Ellen and I were perfectly happy as his exploratory behavior seemed ____ enough. (harm)

7.      He or she would hold onto Benjamin’s hand, gently and firmly, guide it ____ toward the slot. (direct)

8.      The “teacher” would then smile somewhat ____ at Ellen or me, as if awaiting a thank you. (expect)

9.      Occasionally, they would frown slightly, as if ____ us to be neglecting our parental duties. (consider)

10.  And so before long, I began to introduce the key-slot anecdote into my ____ with Chinese educators. (discuss)

11.  With a few ____ my Chinese colleagues displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel. (except) 

12.  Placing the key into the slot is the ultimate purpose of ____ the slot. (approach)

13.  We listened to such explanations ____. (sympathy)

14.  We did not much care whether Benjamin succeed in ____ the key into the slot. (insert)

15.  Having a good time and exploring are two ____ that did matter to us. (act)

16.  So long as the child is shown exactly how to do something, he is less ____ to figure out himself how to accomplish such a task. (like)

17.  And, more ____, he is less likely to view life as a series of situations in which one has to learn to think for oneself, to solve problems on one’s own and even to discover new problems for which creative solutions are wanted. (general)

18.  It pointed to important ____ in the educational and artistic practices in our two countries. (differ)

19.  Our well-____ Chinese did not simply push his hand down clumsily or uncertainly, as I might have done.(intent)

20.  The idea that learning should take place by ____ careful shaping and molding applies equally to the arts. (continue)

21.  Watching children at work in a class-room ____, we were astonished by their facility.  (set)

22.  We learned from their parents that they worked on ____ their craft for several hours a day. (perfect)

23.  Young Westerners make their boldest ____ first and then gradually master the tradition. (depart)

24.  Young Chinese are almost ____ from their tradition. (separate)

25.  Over time, young Chinese possibly evolve to a point equally ____ . (origin)

 

Answer:

1. telling 2. attendant 3. vigorously 4. incomplete 5. pleasure 6. harmless 7. directly 8. expectantly 9. considering 10. discussions 11. exceptions 12. approaching 13. sympathetically 14. inserting 15. activities 16. likely 17. generally 18. differences 19. intentioned 20. continual 21. setting 22. perfecting 23. departures 24. inseparable 25. original

 

2. Translate the sentences:

  (from English to Chinese)

1.      But of the most telling lessons that Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing.

2.      I soon realized that this incident was directly relevant to our assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways of early childhood education (especially in the arts), and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.

3.      (Two different ways to learn: the Chinese way) Why not show him what to do? He will be happy, he will learn how to accomplish the tasks sooner, and then he can proceed to more complex activities, like opening the door or asking for the key----both of which accomplishments can (and should) in due course be modeled for him as well.

4.      (Two different ways to learn: the American way) But the critical point was that, in the process, we were trying to teach Benjamin that one could solve a problem effectively by oneself.

5.      (Teaching by holding his hand) I came to realize that these Chinese were not just molding and shaping Benjamin’s performance in any old manner: In the best Chinese tradition, they were teaching by holding his hand, so much so that he would happily come back for more.

 

(from Chinese to English)

１．    我们能否从中美两个极端中寻求一种更好的教育方式，它或许能在创造力与基本技能这两个极端之间达到某种较好的平衡？

２．    这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。

３．    他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们所看重的。

４．    善意的中国旁观者极其熟练地温和地把他引向所要到达的确切地方。

５．    无论在过去还是在当今，中国在科学、技术和艺术革新方面都展示了巨大的创造力。

 

Answers:

１．            然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。

 

２．            我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考查儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。

 

 

３．            为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会很高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事都可以（也应该）不失时机地示范给他看。

 

４．            但关键在于，在这个过程中我们试图让本杰明懂得一个人是能够自行解决问题的。

 

 

５．            我逐渐认识到这些中国人不是随随便便地一一以一种陈旧的方式塑造引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国最好的教育传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。

 

1.      Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

2.      Such self-reliance is a principal value of child rearing in middle-class America.

3.      He was having a good time and was exploring, two activities that did matter to us.

4.      Our well-intentioned Chinese observers guided Benjamin with extreme facility and gentleness in precisely the desired direction.

5.      There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present.

 

3. Complete the passage according to the Chinese clues:

One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we(1. 比中国人更重视创新和自立). The (2. 两种文化的差异)can also be seen in terms of(3. 我们各自所怀的忧虑). (4. 中国老师担心的是)that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, (5.  不像我们一样急于促进创造力的发展). American educators fear that (6. 除非从一开始就获得创造力), it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can (7. 于日后获得).

 

4. 段落结构理解

However, I do not want to overstate my case(对我们的教育方式大肆吹捧).

 (因为)There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present无论在过去还是当今,中国在……方面都展示出巨大的创造力.

(回过头来看)And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the west(而西方的创新突破则有夸大其词的危险).

(事实上)When any innovation is examined closely如果仔细审视任何一项创新, it’s reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent(其对以往成就的依赖都是显而易见的)(the “standing on the shoulders of giants” phenomenon站在巨人肩膀之上的现象).

 

5. Analyze the sentence structure:

 

But assuming假设 that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this重要的问题就在于: Can we gather寻求, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

 

Answers:

 

1.       value originality and independence more than the Chinese do

2.       contrast between our two cultures

3.       the fears that we both harbor

4.       Chinese teachers are fearful

5.       no comparable hurry to promote creativity

6.       unless creativity has been acquired early

7.       be picked up later

 

6. Cloze B

 

One way of  1. the American position is to  2.  that we value  3.   and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both  4.  . Chinese teachers are  5.  that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be   6.  ; there is, on the other hand, no   7.  hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless  8.  has been acquired early, it may never  9.  ; on the other hand, skills can be 　10　. up later.

 

However, I do not want to  1.  my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of　 2.  creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its 　3.　 on previous achievements is all too apparent (the “standing on the shoulders of giants” phenomenon).

But  4.  that the contrast I have developed is 　5.  , and that the  6.  of skills and creativity are both  7.  goals, the important question becomes this: Can we  8.  , from the Chinese and American  9.  , a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the  10  of creativity and basic skills?

 

1.      summarizing  2 . state  3. originality  4. harbor  5. fearful

6.      acquired  7. comparable  8. creativity  9. emerge  10. picked

 

1.      overstate  2. exaggerating  3. reliance  4. assuming  5. valid

6.  fostering   7. worthwhile  8. gather   9. extremes   10. poles

7. Difficulty:

I came to realize that these Chinese were not just molding and shaping Benjamin’s performance in any old manner: In the best Chinese tradition, they were teaching by holding his hand, so much so that he would happily come back for more.

 

There is a contrast 

Old manner is generally considered old-fashioned, outdated, and therefore somewhat bad; but the best tradition in a culture is valuable because it is most fundamental for the people in the culture. 

 

II.                In depth Reading of the text A of Unit 1

Global Reading of Text A:

A.     Scanning for true or false questions

B.     Part division (L1~32; L33~97; L98~102) and their main ideas

C.     Further understanding of text A on its writing technique and content

Detailed Reading of Text A:

Part I of Text A

1. Main idea: An anecdote: the Chinese staff helped Benjamin to place the key.

2. Words and phrases study

Teacher’s added phrases:

Bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing

Bustle: moving or working in a brisk fussy way  词组：hustle and bustle 喧嚣、熙熙攘攘、忙忙碌碌

{By the way, do you know why the word hustle is in front of bustle? Let me explain it to you according to the phonological explanation of a linguist:

1) 舌头大高低决定字序：

我们说fiddle-faddle, pingpong, pitter-patter, 而不是相反

我们说dribs-drabs; spic and span, 而不是相反

我们说riff-raff, mish-mash, flim-flam, chit-chat, tit for tat, knick-knack, zig-zag, sing-song, dingdong, kingkong, criss-cross, shilly, shally, see-saw, hee-haw, flip-flop, tick-tock, etc, 而不是相反？

 

(跟me-here-now 有关的都是高而前的音，远离“我”的音都是比较底而靠后)

2) 表示me-here-now 的字都比远离me 的字在字序上靠前：

Here and there, this and that, now and then, father and son, man and machine, friend or foe, the Harvard –Yale game(by students from Harvard), the Yale-Harvard game (by student from Yale)

3) 一个字开头的子音（辅音），它会比阻力大的子音先说出来

Hustle-bustle, razzle-dazzle, super-duper, willy-nilly, roly-poly, herky-jerky, mumbo-jumbo, loosey-goosey, wham-bam, hobnob}

 

Telling

1.      effective, sound

History is the most telling witness. 历史是最有力的见证人

A telling argument(retort) 有力的论证（反驳）

Deal telling blows at(to) the invading enemy 狠狠打击入侵之敌

2． Vivid, convincing

   The most telling passages in that novel 那部小说中最生动的一些段落

 

Be encouraged to do something

Be supposed to do something

Be asked to do something

Be required to do something

Encourage: to inspire with courage and hope, to stimulate, incite, to foster

 

Found its way into the slot

Find（自然地）形成，达到

Rivers find their way to the sea. 江河流入大海。

The shell found its mark. 炮弹击中目标。

 

Because of his tender age

脆弱的纤弱的，未成熟的

Extremely tender eggs 壳很软的卵

A person of tender age (year) 幼弱的未成熟的孩子；幼儿

 

3. English and Chinese Phrase study

 

考查中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况      

我们获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验

顾客被鼓励（要求）交回钥匙

我们房间的钥匙系在有我们房间号的塑料板上

钥匙必须仔细放好才放得进去

把钥匙往槽口里塞

一点也不在意

to study(examine, understand, explore, take a look at, get to know) arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools

one of the most telling(striking, impressive, unforgettable, meaningful, significant) lessons we got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education

the customers are encouraged to hand in the key  (compare: to be supposed to do something)

The key to our room was attached to (fastened to, fixed to) a plastic block with our room number on it

The key had to be positioned to fit into it

Place(position, place, insert, put) the key carefully into the slot

To be not bothered (worried, troubled, disturbed, stirred, upset) in the least

因为他年幼和对把钥匙摆正的必要性的不完整的理解

从……中得到的乐趣与从……得到的乐趣一样多

钥匙碰巧塞进去

他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处

注意到他起初的失败 noting his lack of initial success

握住他的手，轻柔但稳定地带它直接来到到槽口处，必要时重新定位，帮他把它塞进去（hold onto his hand and, gently but firmly, guide it directly toward the slot, reposition it as necessary, and help him insert it）

有所期待地对我们微笑（smile somewhat expectantly at us）

偶尔会微微皱眉（the teacher）on occasion would frown slightly

似乎认为我们没有尽到当父母的责任

与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关

考察儿童早期教育方式

揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度

把钥匙-槽孔轶事引入与中国教育家的讨论

Because of his tender age and his incomplete understanding of the need to place the key just so

got as much pleasure out of it as he did

the key actually found its way into the slot

His exploratory behavior seemed harmless enough

As if considering us to be neglecting our parental duties

To be directly relevant to(connected with, related to) our assigned tasks in China

To investigate the ways in early childhood education

To throw light on (to help understand, get to know, realize) Chinese attitudes toward creativity

Introduce the key-slot anecdote into my discussions with Chinese educators

Part II of Text A

1. Main idea: The author presented his thoughts about different approaches to learning in China and the West.

2. Words and phrase study

View life as…: Consider 考虑,估计,期待,展望

View things in their totality 从全方位审视事情

View the matter in the right light 正确估量这件事

 

So much so that

Turn to page 18 and do the exercise for structure

 

Well-intentioned friends

Adv. + n-ed examples: ill-intentioned, ill-minded, kind-hearted, big-mouthed, left-handed, big-eyed

 

Comparable hurry

1. Comparable with 可以与… 比较的 Apples are only comparable with apples.

Comparable to 比得上…的, 远比…差的 My English proficiency was incomparable to yours when I went to university.

2. similar 类似的

The Chinese and western students can reach a comparable point of originality.

 

 

Reversal (noun)of priorities

1.      a change to the opposite direction 颠倒: reverse: the reversal of history 把颠倒的历史颠倒过来

2.      the other way round相反: the reversal of seasons in the two hemispheres

 

Assuming that…: Supposing that…假定

Assuming adj. arrogant 自负的,傲慢的

 

3. English and Chinese phrase study:

除了少数几个人外

我的中国同行对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样

走近槽口的最终目的

没有灵巧到可以独立完成所要完成的动作

让他自己瞎折腾有什么好处呢？

他很可能灰心丧气发脾气

所希望的结果

这两件事到时候同样可以示范给他看

With a few exceptions

My Chinese colleagues displayed (demonstrated, showed, revealed, expressed) the same attitudes as the staff in Jinling hotel

The ultimate purpose of approaching the slot

Not clever (smart, bright, intelligent,) enough to realize the desired action on his own

What possible gain is achieved by having (letting, making, leaving) him struggle?

He may well get frustrated(upset, depressed, worried) and angry

A desirable outcome

Both of which accomplishments can in due course be modeled for him as well

 

我们并不十分在意他能否把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口

关键是

这种自力更生的精神是我们最重要的育儿观

弥补过失

既然。。。，他就不太可能。。。

把人生当做一系列的不得不学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题的阶段

进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题

We did not much care(mind) whether he succeeded in inserting the key into the slot

The critical point was that,

Such self-reliance is a principal value of child-rearing for us

To make up for a misdeed

So long as…, he is less likely to

View life as a serious of situations in which one has to learn to think for oneself, to solve problems on one’s own( by oneself, for oneself)

And even to discover new problems for which creative solutions are wanted

 

回想起来

这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在

表明了在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异

善意的

前来帮助某人

像我可能会做的那样

笨拙地或犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推

极其熟练地、温和地把他引向要到达的确切地方

向要到达的确切地方

他们把着手教，以至于他高兴地要求学习更多的技能

学习应通过不间断的精心引导而得以实现

同样使适用于艺术

In retrospect

This incident was indeed key to…

It points to important differences in the educational and artistic practices

Well-intentioned

Come to someone’s rescue

as I might (could, should) have done

push his hand down clumsily or uncertainly

to guide(lead, push, direct) him with extreme facility and gentleness

in precisely(exactly) the desired direction

they were teaching by holding his hand so much so that he would happily come back for more

learning should take place(happen, be gained, be acquired, be achieved) by continual careful shaping and molding

applies equally to the arts

 

他们的娴熟技艺令我们惊讶

以成年人具备的那种技巧与自信画动物

满可以在博物馆展示的作品

一天练习好几个小时以完善他们的技艺

We were astonished (stunned, shocked, surprised) by their facility

To paint animals with the skill and confidence of an adult

Works that could have been displayed in a museum

Work on perfecting their craft for several hours a day

 

就对创造性的态度来说

优先秩序似乎颠倒了

首先大胆创新的然后逐渐掌握传统的年轻的西方人

与传统难以分离的年轻的中国人

随着时间的推移

发展到同样具有创新的境界

In terms of attitudes to creativity

There seems to be a reversal of priorities

Young westerners making their boldest departures first and then gradually mastering their tradition

Young Chinese being almost inseparable from the tradition

Over time

Evolve to a point equally original

总结美国人的立场的方式之一是

我们比中国人更注重创新与独立

从我们各自所怀忧虑的角度

并不像我们一样急于促进创造力的发展

One way of summarizing the American position is to

We value originality and independence more than the Chinese do

The fears we both harbor

There is no comparable hurry to promote creativity

夸大我们的成就

过去和现在中国在科学、技术和艺术革新方面都显示了巨大的创造力

夸大西方创新性突破的危险

对以往成就的依赖

“站在千人肩膀上的”现象

Overstate my case

There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present

A danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the west

Reliance on previous achievements

‘Standing on the shoulders of giants’ phenomenon

Part III of Text A

Main idea: In the form of a question, the author gives a suggestion of a more rational approach to fostering creativity and basic skills.

English and Chinese

假定我所说的反差是成立的

培养技艺与创造力这两者都是值得追求的目标

从中国和美国两个极端之间寻求一种更好的教育方式

也许在创造力与基本技能这两个极端之间获得某种较好的平衡

Assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid

The fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals

To gather, from Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education

Perhaps striking a better balance between the two poles of creativity and basic skills

 

III. After-reading one (for class room study)

After-reading two(for students’ self study after class)

1. Translate the sentence into English using the words or phrase we have just learned(to be checked in class)

(1. in retrospect, not the least, make an exception, superior)  

1．回想当时，我一点也没有因为你比弟弟聪明一些就想对你格外开恩。

2．你与你弟弟的生活水平的反差迟早会被你父亲意识到的，并逐渐成为首要问题。

3.      有时，刚开始似乎毫无关系的人际关系在某种关键时刻会逐渐显示成为巨大障碍。

4.      你弟弟认为总结经验很值得做。他从未忘记利用过去的经验提高销售业绩。

5.      假设你弟弟的顾客夸大了她的初始心理反映，这就意味着他可以让她长时间等待补偿吗？

Answers:

1.      In retrospect, I did not have the least idea to make an exception for you because you were superior to your brother in intelligence.

2.      The sharp contrast between your living standards and your brother’s will find its way into your father’s head in due course, and evolve into a top priority.

3.      On occasion, what seems initially irrelevant interpersonal relations may emerge as an enormous obstacle at some critical point.

4.      Your brother considers it a worthwhile task to summarize his own experiences, so much so that he never neglected making use of his past experiences to promote sales. 

5.      Assuming that your brother’s customer exaggerated her initial psychological reaction, does it mean that he has the right to keep her waiting so long for him to make up for the compensation?

IV. Teacher’s remarks:

My dear students, if you find those above easy to comprehend and produce, it means you have made good use of text A unit 1 and improved your English language proficiency. Therefore you can be congratulated.

 

Not only understand (input) but also generate (output) similar sentences to express yourself well. Don’t stop just when you feel you can understand the text. The touchstone of your understanding is when you can fluently respond to questions with correct answers.

 

V. Check your home work:

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) insert        2)on occasion     3) investigate       4) In retrospect

5) initial        6)phenomenon             7)attached                   8)make up for

9)is awaiting 10)exception               11)not…in the least      12)promote

13)working on     14)in due course          15)emerged

  2. 1) There is a striking contrast between the standard of living in the northof the country and the south

    2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.

    3) The city’s importance as a financial center has evolved slowly.

    4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.

    5) The poem by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines.

3. 1) Chinese isn’t a subject that can be picked up in a month. You can’t accomplish your goal of mastering the language unless you work at it for years. Well, it sounds as if I’m exaggerating the difficulties, but the fact is I’m telling the truth.

  2) The principal is somewhat disappointed with the performance of the children. From what she has gathered, some of the teaching staff have neglected their pupils. She has just announced that strict work regulations have been made and that the apply to both Chinese and overseas teachers.

  3) The teacher-centered and the child directed approaches to teaching art represent two extremes of opinion. Too many teacher-directed activities cannot be expected to effectively assist children in learning because of the rigid structure. On the other hand, too many child-directed activities may see a curriculum that is totally unstructured and out of control. There are valid reasons to believe that a teacher-guided approach would be a superior way to guide children’s development. This approach combines some form of structure with the child leading the direction.

II. Confusable words

1. 1) continual   2) continuous   3) continual   4) continuous

2. 1) principal   2)principal   3) principle   4)principles   5) principal  

III. Usage

1. themselves   2 himself/herself   3. herself/by herself/ on her own   4. itself

5. ourselves   6. yourself/by yourself/ on your own

Structure

1.      1) Simon’s ill—so much so that he can’t get out of bed.

2.      She herself believed in freedom, so much so that she would rather die than live without it.

3.      Piles of work have kept us busy—so much so that we can’t manage to take a holiday this year.

4.      Many contestants later failed the drug tests, so much so that the race had to be rerun.

 

1.      2) Assuming (that) this painting is really a Picasso

2.      Assuming (that) the proposal is accepted

3.      3) assuming, of course, that she’s prepared to listen

4.      Even assuming (that) smokers do see the health warnings

 

Comprehension Exercises

I.                   Cloze

(A)

1. contrast    2. exaggeration  3. priority   4. on the other hand     5. promoting

6. pick up           7. assist             8. accomplish              9. on occasion                    10. neglecting

11. worthwhile      12. superior

(B)

1. to      2. affection/influence   3. to      4. each/them    5. without    6. controlled

7. about         8. value                       9. They   10. little         11. right                12. but

13. in             14. what                      15. worth                           16. and

 

II. Translation:

I view it worthwhile trying to summarize our experience in learning English. Here I would like to make three relevant points.

First, wide reading should be taken as a priority in the learning process, because it is through reading that we get the most language input. Next, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. On the one hand, rote learning is indeed of little help, but on the other hand, learning by heart with a good understanding will certainly do good to us. With an enormous store of excellent essays in our heads, we will find it much easier to express ourselves in English. Finally, it is critical that we should put what we have learned into practice. By doing more reading, writing, listening and speaking, we will be able to accomplish the task of perfecting our English.

 

VI. Home work

1. Oral and written homework by students:

1. All the exercises after text A

2. Read text B and finish the exercises on the book.

2. Written home work to be handed in:

From the study of this unit by means of, inputting (presentation), outputting (production), and interaction in the past two weeks, you must have gained a lot in your linguistic proficiency and philosophical understanding of life. Here please write down what you have gained out of this unit, in terms of

1) language, such as vocabulary, grammar, phrases you have learned or reviewed;

2) ideas, such as the message conveyed(表达，传递) in the unit, or meaning you get out of it;

3) reevaluation, such as changes of opinions you undergo owing to this unit

Therefore you homework includes:

1．  寻找40个词组，并译为相应的中文词组。词组不可太短，如”his emphasis upon the constructive nature of the learning process 他对学习过程的建构特征的强调”这样长的词组才能算一个词组。尽管his emphasis upon, the constructive nature, the learning process 都是名词词组，但不能达到我们的词组标准。

2．  完成Cloze I练习并将其译为中文。

3．  完成text A后的中译英作业，并自己修改。程序：A翻译，B修改，C誊写到作业本上，D在作业本上对照答案用红笔修改，E总结翻译作业的收获。自己翻译时不得参阅参考答案，自己修改时必须参阅参考答案。

4．  完成text B后的写作，按照要求一步步做，最后对照学生用书后的参考答案修改，学习其文章结构层次、思想表达、用词用句。

5．  本单元学习总结：A. 用作者的文字、句式写一篇本单元思想内容概要，自己学习的体会。B. 学习本单元后学习方法有何提高。

 

70 most welcome words. Do you like them?

1. mother 母亲
2.passion 热情
3.smile 微笑
4. love 爱
5. eternity 永恒
6. fantastic 了不起的
7. destiny 命运
8. freedom 自由
9. liberty 自主
10. tranquility 安宁
11. peace 和平
12. blossom 花丛
13. sunshine 阳光
14. sweetheart 情人，爱人
15. gorgeous 绚丽的
16. cherish 喜爱
17. enthusiasm 热情
18. hope 希望
19. grace 优美
20. rainbow 彩虹
21. blue 蓝色
22. sunflower 向日葵
23. twinkle 闪烁，闪耀
24. serendipity 意外新发现
25. bliss 洪福
26. lullaby 催眠曲
27. sophisticated 精细的
28. renaissance 文艺复兴
29. cute 可爱
30. cozy 舒适的g

31. butterfly 蝴蝶
32. galaxy 银河
33. hilarious 非常滑稽的,令人捧腹的
34. moment 瞬间
35. extravaganza 娱乐表演
36. aqua 水
37. sentiment 柔懦情感
38. cosmopolitan 世界性的
39. bubble 气泡
40. pumpkin 南瓜
41. banana 香蕉
42. lollipop 棒棒糖
43.if 如果
44. bumblebee 大黄蜂
45. giggle 咯咯笑
46. paradox 似非而是的隽语
47. delicacy 精美
48. peek-a-boo 躲猫猫
49. umbrella 雨伞
50. kangaroo 袋鼠
51. flabbergasted 目瞪口呆地
52. hippopotamus 河马
53. gothic 哥特风格的
54. coconut 椰子
55. smashing 极好的
56. whoops 哎哟！
57. tickle 发痒，胳肢
58. loquacious 爱说话的

59. flip-flop 夹趾拖鞋
60. smithereens 碎片
61. hi 打招呼，引起注意
62. gazebo 凉亭
63. hiccup 打嗝
64. hodgepodge 大杂烩
65. shipshape 整齐
66. explosion 迸发
67. fuselage (飞机的)机身
68. zing 生命力
69. gum 口香糖
70. hen-night 女子婚前单身派对

 

The previous lesson brushing up

1. Home work check on the translation of unit 1

I consider it worthwhile trying to summarize our experience in learning English. Here I’d like to make three relevant points.

First, wide reading should be taken as a priority in the learning process, because it is through reading that we get the most language input. Next, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also important. On one hand, rote learning is indeed of little help, but on the other hand, memorization based on good understanding will certainly do good to us. With an enormous store of excellent essays in our mind, we will find it much easier to express ourselves in English. Finally, it is critical that we should put what we have learned into practice. By doing more reading, writing, listening and speaking, we will be able to accomplish the task of perfecting our English.

 

2. Quiz for unit 1

 

1. 他从…中得到的乐趣与从…得到的乐趣一样多

2. 钥匙碰巧塞进去

3. 他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处

4. 起初的失败

5. 有所期待地对我们微笑

6. 偶尔会微微皱眉

7. 没有尽到当父母的责任

8. 与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关

9. 考察儿童早期教育方式

10. 揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度

11. 这种自力更生的精神是我们最重要的育儿观

12. 学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题

1. He got as much pleasure out of it as he did from

2. the key actually found its way into the slot

3. His exploratory behavior seemed harmless enough

4. lack of initial success

5. smile expectantly at us

6. （the teacher）on occasion would frown slightly

7. to be neglecting our parental duties

8. To be directly relevant to (connected with, related to) our assigned tasks in China

9. To investigate the ways in early childhood education

10. To throw light on (to help understand, get to know, realize) Chinese attitudes toward creativity

11. Such self-reliance is a principal value of child-rearing for us

12. To learn to think for oneself, to solve problems on one’s own( by oneself, for oneself)

 

Sentence Translation:

1. 回想当时，我一点也没有因为你比弟弟聪明一些就想对你格外开恩。

2. 你与你弟弟的生活水平的反差迟早会被你父亲认识到的，并逐渐成为首要解决的问题。

3. 有时，刚开始似乎毫无关系的人际关系在关键时刻会逐渐显示成为巨大障碍。

4. 你弟弟认为总结经验很值得做。他从未忘记利用过去的经验提高销售业绩。

5. 假设你弟弟的顾客夸大了她的初始心理反映，这就意味着你可以让她长时间等待补偿吗？

Answers:

1. In retrospect, I did not have the least idea to make an exception for you because you were superior to your brother in intelligence.

2. The sharp contrast between your living standards and your brother’s will find its way into your father’s head in due course, and evolve into a top priority to revolve.

3. On occasion, what seems initially irrelevant interpersonal relations may emerge as an enormous obstacle at some critical point.

4. Your brother considers it a worthwhile task to summarize his own experiences, so much so that he never neglected making use of his past experiences to promote sales. 

5. Assuming that your customer exaggerated his initial psychological reaction, does it mean that you have the right to keep him awaiting your making up for the compensation?