Affidavit 有人叫“宣誓书”，也有人称“（向法庭作出的）正式书面陈述”，是部分西方国家法庭审理中的常见的文件，书写或打印的关于案件的陈述文件通常由一方主动向有权主持宣誓或保证的人提出，并由提出一方就此进行宣誓或保证，之后可作为证据。 Black Law Dictionary 是这样解释的： A written or printed declaration or statement of facts, made voluntarily, and confirmed by the oath or affirmation of the party making it, taking before a person having authority to administer such oath or affirmation 。

在我国诉讼中用不到该文件。但对处理涉及案件的律师讲，了解它的构成及行文特点又是必要的。

下面是 Affidavit 的基本格式：

AFFIDAVIT

1^st Dft: name of deponet

2 nd 1/4/99

1999 B. ** No. 1000

IN THE HIGH COURT

OF JUSTICE

______DIVISION

Between_______, Plaintiff and______, Defendant

I, ________(full name) of______(address) a (profession) MAKE OATH AND SAY as follows:

(e. g. I. Peter Rogers, the plaintiff in this action. Of 68, Sunrise Road. Dalas, a free lance, MAKE OATH AND SAY as follows)

1, In so far as the content of this affidavit is within my personal knowledge it is true, and in so far as it is now within my personal knowledge, it is true to the best of my knowledge, information and belief.

(state status, capacity, relation with interest of the case, purpose, etc,)

2.

3

Sworn at_______(place of making oath)

Before_______(Commissioner for Oaths) or name of court personnel (inclusive of lawyer)

Signed by

注：

　文中第一行正中是 Affidavit 题目，紧接下来是置于右上角的宣誓人所证明人的诉讼地位、提交时间及案卷号，然后正文第一段的宣誓人的姓名，再下来是具体宣誓内容，接下来是宣誓的地点，受宣誓人姓名，最后一行是宣誓人签名。具体解释如下：

1. 1st Dft 指的是第一被告， name of deponet 指的是提供证词人的姓名。看来该文书是第一被告主动写给审理案件的高等法院的事实陈述。

2. **案件号中的大写字母指的是原告的姓的第一个字母，

3. In so far as 意思同“so far”，表示迄今为止。

4. Capacity法律语境中一般指“行为能力”。

5. Commissioner for Oaths 意为“监誓人”，指授权为立宣誓书的人主持宣誓的法庭或律师。