TPO28:EARY SAHARAN PASTORALISTS
(2014-02-20 16:58:27)Early Saharan Pastoralists
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:根据时间定位到第二句“As recently as 6000 B.C., the southern frontier of the desert was far to the north of where it is now, while semiarid grassland and shallow freshwater lakes covered much of what are now arid plains.”那时候,沙漠南部边界比现在更靠北边,而现在的干旱平原以前都是半干旱的草地和浅的淡水湖。所以答案选A。
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:albeit就是尽管的意思,所以答案选C。
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:根据“all arid regions”定位到第四句“The areas that are now desert were, like all arid regions, very susceptible to cycles of higher and lower levels of rainfall… ”当今的沙漠地区,与所有干旱地区一样,都很容易受到高低降水量循环的影响。Be susceptible to…易受到……的影响。所以答案选C。
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:根据“the drought took hold”定位到第三句“Under these circumstances, archaeologist Andrew Smith believes, the small herd of Bos primigenius in the desert became smaller, more closely knit breeding units as the drought took hold.”意思是:在这些情况下,考古学家AS认为,当干旱发生后,兽群变得更小,成为更亲密的哺育单元。所以答案选A。
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:根据提干定位到最后一句话“As a result…”根据as a result,我们往前看一句“At the same time, both cattle and humans were more confined in their movements, staying much closer to permanent water supplies for long periods of time.”意思是:与此同时,兽群和人类运动都有所局限,长时间停留在靠近永久水供应的地方。所以答案选B。
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:这是一个修饰目的题,我们看到例子,一般往前寻找例子所支持的观点。往前看,会发现观点句出现在段落第三句“But soon they also gained genetic control of the animals, which led to rapid physical changes in the herd.”这是一个转折句。段落中出现转折句时,绝大多数情况都是观点。根据这个观点,我们发现答案B正确。
7.
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:否定实时信息题考察的往往是文中的并列结构。根据提干,我们定位到段落倒数第二句“The newly domesticated animals behaved better, were easier to control, and may have enjoyed a higher birth rate, which in turn yielded greater milk supplies.”这句话并列了三个点,分别对应了选项A,B,C。所以答案选D。
8.
Whatever the source of the original tamed herd might have been, it seems entirely likely that much the same process of juxtaposition(living side by side) and control occurred in both Southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even in Europe, among peoples who had an intimate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle.
无论被驯服的兽群来源何处,貌似juxtaposition和control的同样过程都发生在东南亚、北非甚至欧洲,那里的人们非常了解野生兽群的行为。
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:句子的主干是:无论兽群来源何处,各个地方人们所用的过程都一样。
选项A错,control them by living in justaposition错了,原句control和justaposition是并列的关系。
选项C错,moved closer together to cooperate在原句中没有
选项D错,because的因果关系原句没有
9.
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:选项A对应段落首句;选项C对应段落末句;选项D对应段落倒数第二句。答案选B。
争议:选项A说的是few possessions,也就是几乎什么都没有,few表达否定。原文说还是有一些pots。所以这个对应不是非常合理。但鉴于选项B完全没在原文出现过,最好还是选B。
10. 与单词endeavors在文中意思最接近的是
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:endeavor就是努力的意思,所以答案选D。
11. 与单词deteriorated在文中意思最接近的是
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:deteriorate的意思是恶化,所以答案选D。
12. 根据第六段,什么使得猎人在3500BC之后向南移动到平原地区? (Factual Information Question)
a)
b)
c)
d)
解析:根据题干定位到倒数第二句“So the herders shifted south,…”根据So,所以往前看寻找原因“On the other hand, rainfall increased in the interior of western Africa, and the northern limit of the tsetse fly, an insect fatal to cattle moved south.”对于兽群至关重要的一种昆虫tsetse fly向南迁徙了。所以答案选C。
13. Look at the four squares ■that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
This knowledge enabled the hunters to adopt a different approach to hunting.
这个知识使得猎人能够采用一种不同的方式去打猎。
解析:插入句子的“This knowledge”和“a different approach to hunting”都是线索。原文第二句“Instead of ….the hunters began”暗示了different approach to hunting. 并且原文第一句“…hunters were well aware of the more disciplined was in which their prey behaved.”匹配了this knowledge.所以答案选A。
14.
As recently as 6000 B.C., much of the Sahara region was semiarid grassland where humans hunted wild oxen and antelope.
近到6000BC,大部分撒哈拉地区是半干旱的草原,在那里人类捕杀野牛和羚羊。
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
解析:选项A错,第一段最后一句讲到他们需要控制资源。
选项B对,概括了第二、三段的内容
选项C对,概括了第三段的内容
选项D错,文章没有提到although后面的内容
选项E错,文中没有讲过他们是remarkably sophisticated artists
选项F对,概括了最后一段的内容
答案:B,C,F