Lesson41 Illusions of Pastoral peace

★illusion n. 幻想，错觉

Under illusion that / under the impression that

I am under the impression that you are honest.

We live under the illusion.

I am under the impression that he will help me every day.

Under no illusion that

We live under no illusion that country life is beautiful.

Have illusion about / have no illusion about

delusion 幻觉，（精神病人）

--- He is under the delusion that somebody will kill him tomorrow.

---He lives under the delusion that he will be killed sometime.

vision 憧景

--- I live under the vision that I have a bright future.

illusioned adj.充满幻想的

--- The world of children is illusioned.

Illusionary adj. 错觉的，幻觉的

--- Don’t believe in him. What he said is illusionary picture.

Illusive adj. 虚假的，不可靠的

--- What he described was illusive. Don’t depend on him any more.

Imaginary虚构的

---The story is imaginary, Don’t be taken in

Imaging

--- I can’t imagine building Great Wall.

imaginative 富有想像力的

---Children are more imaginative than adults.

unimaginative 缺乏想像力的

imaginable 能想像得出的，（须放在被修饰词之后）

---This is the idea / way imaginable.

imaginary / imaginative / imaginable / unimaginative

We are imaginative

illusionary / imaginary 虚构的

 

★pastoral adj. 田园的

 1、宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。我生在城市，长在城市，总认为乡村是透过火车车窗看到的那个样了，或偶尔周末去游玩一下景象。The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me. City born and city bred. I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend.

 ★Breed v. 培育 vt. Breed / bred / bred

Breed / raise / bring up / rear

Breed

1、书面用语，表示raise ,表示饲养宠物，breed较raise 更为正式。

Raise /breed pets

Raise / breed dogs.

Do you raise dogs?

2、表示bring up ,培养成人educate

As a mother, you must breed good manners into your child.

rear 抚养，饲养

I must rear the child because I have the duty.

He rears / breeds / raises two dogs.

grow / plant tree

3、breed=cause / lead / result in / give rise to

War breeds misery and ruin. 战争导致毁灭和悲惨。

Your carelessness bred the accident

breed in and in 近亲结婚，同种繁殖

breed out and out 非近亲结婚，异种繁殖

2、我的许多朋友都住在城市，但他们只要一提起乡村，马上就会变得欣喜若狂。Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country.

 ★Rapture n. 欣喜

great joy / delight

At the news, they are in raptures.

At the news, they are great delighted.

In raptures (about/ over sth. )   (对……) 欣喜若狂

I am in raptures about the new book.

---go into raptures (over/ about/ at sth. )    (对……)感到非常的高兴！

---He went into raptures when he heard the good news.

joy / happiness

We have a good time and we are full of happiness.

----delight 高兴，喜悦，程度强于joy, 但不如rapture，也不如rapture那么正式，

I feel delighted == I am in raptures

ecstasy 入迷；狂喜

He is in ecstasy.

enchant v  enchantment 入迷，

He was enchanted in thoughts.

elation 兴高采烈；得意洋洋

He has got the feeling of elation.

bliss 极乐；无尚的幸福

Nothing in the world can make you happier than bliss.

A sound sleep is my bliss

glee 欢乐，高兴，欢心 （诗歌中）

Rapture / in raptures / go into raptures / joy / happiness / delight / ecstasy / enchantment / elation / bliss / glee

 

3、尽管他们都交口称赞宁静的乡村生活的种种优点，但其中只有一个人真去农村住过，而且不足6个月就回来了。Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of them has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months.

★Extol v. 赞美，颂扬

vt.   Praise

I can’t find a good word to praise you / your ability.

I want to extol the virtues of human beings.

 compliment v. & n. 恭维

Do you often compliment your friends ?

exalt 赞扬，歌颂，吹捧

You disgust me. why do you extol such a stupid person.

laud 赞美

I want to do nothing but laud you.

What do you want to laud me?

I want to laud your beauty, ability and your wealth.

Extol / praise / compliment / exalt / laud

4、即使他也仍存有幻觉，好像乡村生活就是比城市生活优越。Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life.

★ Superior adj. 优越的无比较级和最高级，只能是原形=better than the average

1、be superior to 比…优越

In my opinion, town life is superior to country life.

2、interior   be interior to 比…低，不如…

Country life is interior to city life

3、senior  高级的，年长的senior high school

4、junior年幼的，下级的，下属的

Junior high school

Senior /junior

5、posterior / prior 后于/ 先于

This work is prior to that one.

of no confidence / importance / significance无足轻重

It should be inferior to that one.

Superior / inferior / senior / junior / posterior / prior

Be prior to

 

5、他滔滔不绝地大谈友好的农民，洁净的空气，贴近大自然的环境和悠闲的生活节奏。He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, and the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living.

 

6、他坚持认为，凌晨雄鸡第一声啼叫，黎明时分小鸟吱喳欢叫，冉冉升起的朝阳染红树木、牧场，此番美景无与伦比。Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cockcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures.

★Glint v. 闪烁

Shine / flash / glitter

★flash   表示忽明忽暗的闪光，也可以指反光镜反出来的光线

--- A lighthouse is flashing in the distance.

glim    表示透过某种媒介而透出来的光线，比如透过茫茫大雾的光芒

---Through the fog, we saw a lighthouse glimming.

glint   表示迅速闪烁的微弱的光，比如阳光下闪烁的露水光

---The sun glinted through the leaves.

glisten 潮湿的物体上所反射的光泽，或是柔弱的光辉

--- The white snow glistened in all the colors of rainbow.

flicker 表示蜡烛或油灯在即将熄灭时的所发出的摇曳的光

--- On the cold night, I sat in front of the only one candle which was flickering.

Flash / glim / glint / glisten / flicker

7、但这种田园诗般的乡村风光仅仅是一个侧面。This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture.

 

8、我的朋友没有提到在电视机前度过的漫长寂寞的冬夜——电视是唯一的娱乐形式。My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV -- virtually the only form of entertainment.

 

9、他也不说商店货物品种单调，以及那些每天不得不从乡下赶到城里工作的不幸的人们。He says nothing about the poor selection of goods in the shops, or about those unfortunate people who have to travel from the country to the city every day to get to work.

 

10、人们为什么情愿每天在路上奔波4个小时去换取值得怀疑的乡间的优点，我是无法理解的。Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me.

★ Dubious adj. 可疑的，怀疑的

Doubtful / uncertain / questionable / suspicious / sceptical

Dubious

be dubious about/of  对…怀疑,对…不肯定，主要表示不肯定的，不确定的

Doubt / suspect

--- I suspect that he stole the car last night. 语气较肯定的猜疑

I doubt whether he stole the car. 语气不太肯定

Suspicious / doubtful

Cats are suspicious of human beings.

I am not sure about your ability to do so.

I am doubtful of your ability.

I am dubious about your ability.

questionable强调质疑，有问题的，值得争议的

This is a questionable conclusion / decision.

sceptical怀疑论的，怀疑的 (正式用法)

Your idea is sceptical.

 

11、要是他们愿意住在本来属于他们的城市，则可以让他们省去诸多不便与节约大量开支。They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong.

12、如果你愿舍弃乡下生活那一点点乐趣的话，那么你会现城市可以为你提供生活最美好的东西。If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer.

 

13、你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好几英里，因为他们都住在附近，你随时可以同他们聊天或在晚上一起娱乐。You never have to travel miles to see your friends. They invariably live nearby and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment.

 

14、我在乡村有一些熟人，他们每年进城来看一回或几回戏，并把此看作一种特殊的享受。Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat.

★ treat n. 难得的乐事，享受

Be one's treat 

1.…请客 == sb. stand treat

--- Let's go to have dinner. It's my treat

Treat sb. to

Take sb. to dinner

--- It’s my pleasure to take you to dinner.

Stand treat

I stand treat 我作东。

2. 对待

Treat sb. as

---I treat him as my best friend.

Treat with sb. 跟某人商谈

I can’t bring it to a conclusion. I want to treat with you.

Treat of sth. / sb. ==speak of

We speak / treat of tramps contemptuously.

3. 荣幸,享受

--- Having dinner with you is my treat.

Treat sb. to 宴请某人…

--- It's my pleasure to treat you to dinner.

treat sb as 按…对待某人

--- I treat him as my best friend.

Treat with sb. 跟某人商谈

---I can't bring it to a conclusion. I want to treat with you.

Treat of sth./sb. 关于…，提及到…，＝＝speak of

--- We treat of tramps contemptuously轻蔑地

15、看戏在他们是件大事，需要精心计划。当戏快演完时，他们又为是否能赶上末班火车回家而犯愁。For them this is a major operation which involves considerable planning. As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home.

 ★draws to its close=near its end

 

16、这种焦虑，城里人是从未体验过的。坐公共汽车几站路，就可看到最新的展览、电影、戏剧。买东西也是一种乐趣。The city dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure.

 

17、物品种繁多，从来不必用二等品来凑合。There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best.

 

18、乡里人进城采购欣喜若狂，每次回家时都买足了外来商品，直到拿不动方才罢休，连走路都摇摇晃晃的。Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry.

 

19、城市也并非没有良辰美景。寒冷潮湿的冬夜里，广告灯箱发出的暖光，会给人某种安慰。Nor is the city without its moments of beauty. There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by advertisements on cold wet winter nights.

 

19、周末，当成千上万进城上班的人回到他们的乡间寓所之后，空旷的街市笼罩着一种宁静气氛，没有什么能比此时的宁静更令人难忘了。Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at weekends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country.

★ descend v. 下落，降临

--- Darkness descends very soon because winter is coming.

descend from 从 ...... 传下来

--- The watch descended from his grandfather.

descend on / upon 突然袭击，

He visited me suddenly.

He looked me up suddenly.

He called on me suddenly.

Yesterday, my best friend descended on me.

descend to 传给......

Descend from...to

descend / descend from / descend to / descend on / descend upon

drop

I dropped the glass onto the floor.

ascend 上升

The airplane is ascending at tremendous speed.

 

20、城里人对这一切心里很明白，却偏要执拗地装出他们喜欢住在乡村的样子，这对我来说一直是个谜。It has always been a mystery to me who city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, obstinately pretend that they would prefer to live in the country

★Obstinately adv. 固执地，顽固地

Obstinate adj. 顽固而不易被别人所改变

--- If you are an obstinate person, nobody can change your mind.

stubborn 顽固的, 固执的, 坚定的, 坚决的, 难应付的, 难处理的

--- He is such a stubborn person that he insists on finishing what he wants to do.

Don’t try to persuade him because he is an obstinate person.

Persistent持久稳固的,固执己见的

--- If you always follow your friends around, I should say, you are a persist person.

Strong minded 顽强的，意志力强

--- If you are a strong minded person, you can do everything well.

as stubborn as mule 像牛一样倔强 (骡子)