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4岁小孩生气就用手打自己,这是怎么回事啊——中国妈妈问,美国妈妈答[No.50]

(2011-02-17 19:28:11)
标签:

中国妈妈问

美国妈妈答

米妈妈建议

女儿爱生气

育儿

杂谈

分类: 中国妈妈问,美国妈妈答
2011年2月17日,星期四
来自天津的慧慧妈
中国妈妈问——
小孩4岁了,开朗外向,性格倔强,易生气。最近几个月突然发现,他一生气就马上用手抓自己,甚至咬手指,这是什么原因?是不是心里有问题啊?

美国妈妈答——
来自美国圣地亚哥的Gabby
让孩子们知道,人是有各种各样的感受是很重要的。同样,让他们知道这些感受都代表什么也是非常重要的。你需要告诉他们这些感受确切的名称。你还应该让孩子学会识别各种各样的表情,可以给她看相关的图片。告诉她人们为什么会有这些感受,当我们产生某种感受时通常会做些什么,当我们察觉到别人的感受时又会做什么?
学会控制自己的情绪对我们所有人来说都至关重要。要教会她停下来思考。让她问问自己,当她生气时,身体上会有什么感受(她的下巴会紧紧地咬合在一起吗?她的手会攥成拳头吗?她的耳朵会发热吗?),让她自己描述,让她以这种发式来排解情绪,这能帮她掌握控制自己情绪的技能。在教会她认识到自己的感受后,让她做几个深呼吸(告诉她,她可以假装闻一碗香气扑鼻的汤,吸气,然后呼气),慢慢地倒着数数,想些能令人心平气和的话题,或者和自己说话。所有这些做法都能让一个人平静下来的。
一旦她冷静下来了,让她自己仔细想想,到底是什么让她不高兴了。她怎么做才能解决这一问题?她的解决反感可行吗? 有没有其他更好的方案?这么做安全吗?公平吗?其他人会怎么想?这能起作用吗?如果不行,那就再想开动脑筋,知道你和她找到一个万全之策。这个过程可以教会你的孩子学会妥协和解决问题。当她知道她的情感是正常的,并且她能凭借自己的能力解决问题会感觉更好的。
Gabby R. answers from San Diego
It's important for children to know that feelings are OK. It is also as important for them to learn what feelings mean, to put a name on that feeling. Have her identify pictures of people with various expression on their faces. What are they feeling? Why might they be feeling this? What can we do when we feel certain feelings and what can we do when we identify these feelings in others?  Learning to calm yourself down is an important skill for all of us. Teach her to Stop and Think. Have her ask herself how her body feels (are her jaws clenched, hands in a fist, ears burning) let her describe, let her talk her way through this. It gives her control and builds the skill. After acknowledging how she feels and how it looks, have her take deep breaths (pretend she is smelling a lovely bowl of soup, inhale and exhale), count backward slowly, think calming thoughts, or talk to herself. Any or all of these can be calming. Once she is calm, have her figure out what it was that made her upset. How can she solve this problem? Will the solution work for her and the others involved? Is it safe? Is it fair? How will others feel about it? Will it work? If not, then brainstorm another solution until you and she come up with one that will work for everyone. This teaches compromise and problem solving.  She will feel much better knowing that she is having normal feelings and that she can figure out a way to get through them and problem solve.


来自美国峡谷区的Diana
有时,这个年龄的孩子不知道如何用语言来表达这些情感。你需要做的是,教会你的孩子如何才能保持冷静,并用语言来表达自己的情感。其他帮孩子排除沮丧的方法就是不要伤害她。当孩子生气时, 有时让她冲着一个枕头又喊又叫也是一个不错的发泄情感的方式。不过,你的孩子还是需要掌握用语言表达情感的能力。这需要时间,但你的孩子一定能做到的。
Diana H. answers from Canyon Country
Sometimes at that age they just don't know how to put all those bundled up feelings into words. Just work with her on finding ways to stay calm and being able to use her words. Also other ways to get frustrations out that won't harm her. Sometimes just yelling into a pillow or hitting a pillow works. Then she can move on from there to try to put it into words. Takes time, but will work out.

来自美国欧弗兰帕克的Tori
听上去,你的孩子需要掌握控制情绪的技巧。如果她不从现在就开始学习这些技巧,那随着她年龄的增长,情况会变得更糟。她现在上学了吗?或许,和她的老师谈谈会对她有所帮助。如果她还没有上学,那你现在就要开始教她如何控制怒火了,但不要太过着急,要慢慢来,你可以让她在发脾气时自己在心理默默数数或在自己的房间里待上一会等等。她需要懂得,生气是感情的正常宣泄,是可以为人接受的,但生气时伤害自己或别人就不对了。
Tori H. answers from Overland Park
Well I would agree that it sounds like she needs better anger management techniques. These behaviors could turn into something much worse if she doesn't learn now how to control her anger. Is she in school yet? Maybe talk to her classroom teacher or school counselor. If she's not in school then when she gets angry slowly start introducing her to new techniques to control her anger, things like counting, going to her room for a few minutes, writing in a journal, etc. She needs to understand that it's okay to be angry but it isn't okay to hurt herself or others.

来自美国列克星敦的Jeanie
她需要为自己的情感找到合适的发泄途径,并且学会用语言来表达自己的情感。
我的小女儿曾经得了一种很严重的疾病,能影响到大脑功能。但“表现艺术疗法”却帮了她很多,她从中学会了如何正确地表达自己的情感。
音乐也给了她很大的帮助。哦,天啊——她居然能用音乐表现怒火,欢快,满足和恐惧。但是当她面对一把小提琴时,她会变得束手不测,无法弹奏出合适的表情情感的音乐来,因为她会弄断上面所有的琴弦。
这些办法都能帮助她宣泄不良的情绪,而且还不会伤害到自己。我过去常常说,对于那些患有“精神”疾患的人而言,他们的心理要比我所知道的大多数人要健康。
Jeanie W. answers from Lexington
She does need to have appropriate outlets for her feelings, and also how to express her feelings verbally.  My younger daughter had some complex medical issues that used to affect brain function (referred to as "severe mental illness" ( http://www.ItsNotMental.com). Expressive Arts Therapy helped her learn to express feelings that no child should have to have nor express.  And music helped. OMG - she would play angry. She would play joy. She would play contentment and play fear. But as she said about the violin, she could not play her screams because she'd break all the strings.  And art as well. She would express herself in play, and art, and creativity.  And verbally. She learned insight. It really helped her cope with these intense, and horrible feelings without self-destructing. I used to say that for someone with "mental" illness (not) she had more mental HEALTH than most people I know.


米妈妈建议:
你需要教会你的孩子控制情绪的技巧,而且应该从现在就开始,因为如果你此时还不采取行动, 那随着她年龄的增长,情况会变得更糟。方法其实有很多,例如让她在发脾气时,自己在心理默默数数,自己在房间里静思一会或做几个深呼吸。建议妈妈仔细看下来自美国圣地亚哥的Gabby和来自列克星敦的Jeanie的建议,相信你一定能从她们的建议中得到很多启发。

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