Structures

一般现在时的被动语态	am\is\are+ pp
一般过去时的被动语态	was\were+ pp
一般将来时的被动语态	will\shall+ be+ pp
现在进行时的被动语态	am| is |are+ being+ pp
过去进行时的被动语态	was| were+ being+ pp
现在完成时的被动语态	has\ have+ been+ pp
过去完成时的被动语态	had+ been+ pp
过去将来时的被动语态	would+ be+ pp
将来完成时的被动语态	will\shall+ have+ be+ pp
情态动词的被动语态	情态动词+be+ pp

 

 

一、被动语态构成形式

被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词没有被动语态。在不同的时态下助动词be有不同的形式。

1.一般现在时：You are ordered to do it.

①The temperature will fall sharply the day after tomorrow，when a snowstorm ________ to strike our area.

 A. expects　　　　　　　　B．has expected

C．is expected             D．will be expected

解析：句意：届时会有暴风雪。be expected to“预计会做某事”。

答案：C

2．一般过去时：I was invited to the concert.

②The way the guests ________ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.

A．treated     B．were treated

C．would treat   D．would be treated

解析：句意：客人们在旅馆中被招待的方式影响到对他们服务的评价。此题考查时态语态。根据题意，客人是被招待的，应排除A、C两项；influenced 时间提示为一般过去时，故选B。

答案：B

③After being discovered by Dutch explorers in 1606，the eastern half of Australia ________  by the British in 1770.

 A．was claimed      B．claimed

C．was claiming    D．has been claimed

解析：由句意：自1606年被荷兰探险者发现之后，澳大利亚东半部分在1770年宣布为英国所有，知答案选A。

答案：A

3．一般将来时：The matter will be looked into tomorrow.

④________ is known to us is that the 2012 Olympic Games ________ in London.

 A．What; will be held　　　 B．It; will hold

 C．As; is held           D．Which; holds

解析：由句意知空中应填一个引导主语从句的连接词，并作句子的主语；由句中的时间2012年知表将来，且Olympic Games与hold之间为被动关系。综上选A。

答案：A

⑤If your order is ready，the T-shirt ________ to you as soon as possible.

A．has delivered   B．is delivered

C．will deliver   D．will be delivered

解析：主语是T-shirt 谓语动词，deliver 应用被动，表示T-shirt被送，排除A、C两项。根据语境，如果你定了货，T-shirt 将会随时被送货。故选D项。

答案：D

⑥—A meeting ________ at 3 pm. next Tuesday.

—Will you go there?

A．has held    B．has been held

C．will be held   D．will hold

解析：根据时间状语next Tuesday 判断用将来式。主语是meeting 被举行因此选C项。will be held 为将来时的被动式。

答案：C

4．现在进行时：The house is being built.

⑦—Why don't we choose that road to save time?

—The bridge to it ________.

A．has repaired    B．is repaired

C．is being repaired    D．will be repaired

解析：句意：——为什么我们不选择走那条路以节省时间呢？——因为去那条路的桥正在修理中。题目考查了现在进行时的被动语态作谓语。桥与修理存在被动关系，而且根据句子语境要求采用进行时态。

答案：C

⑧Would you please keep silent？The weather report ________ and I want to listen.

A．is broadcast     B．is being broadcast

C．has been broadcast    D．had been broadcast

解析：句意：请安静一下好吗？正广播天气预报呢，我想听听。根据句意，该空考查的是现在进行时的被动语态。

答案：B

⑨—Hi,Torry，can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?

—Sorry.________.

A．It's repaired    B．It has been repaired

C．It's being repaired  D．It had been repaired

解析：句意：——嗨，Torry，今天下午我能用一会儿你的电脑吗？——真抱歉，电脑正在修理。该句强调的是此时电脑正被维修，需用现在进行时的被动语态。

答案：C

5．过去进行时：When I called，tea was being served.

⑩During the period of recent terrorist activities，people ________ not to touch any unattended bag.

A．had always been warned

B．were always being warned

C．are always warning

D．always warned

解析：句意：在最近恐怖活动期间，人们总是在被警告不要碰任何无人照看的包。be always doing sth.总是做某事，表达某种抱怨、不满或赞许的情绪。人们是“被警告”，要用被动语态。

答案：B

6．现在完成时：My bike has been repaired.

11His sister left home in 1998，and ________ since.

A．had not been heard of　

B．has not been heard of

C．had not heard of 

D．has not heard of

解析：句意：他妹妹在1998年离开家，从那以后就没了音讯。根据句意，指的是过去离开以后，到现在一直没音讯，故用现在完成时；hear of 与his sister 在本句中为被动关系，故用被动语态，所以选B。

答案：B

 

7．过去完成时：When we went to the cinema，the film had been on for ten minutes.

12.It was proven that the story of one witness ________.

A．has been invented  B．had been invented

C．would be invented  D．was invented

解析：此题考查时态，据证实(It was proven that...)用过去的时态，故后面用过去完成式(已经被编造出来)。

答案：B

13.This Monday morning I was informed I ________ as one of three exchange students from our college.

A．had been choosing    B．was chosen

C．had been chosen    D．was choosing

解析：过去的过去应用过去完成时的被动语态。

答案：C

8．过去将来时：He said that the teaching building would be built next month.

14. In a room above the store，where a party

________，some workers were busily setting the table.

A．was to be held   B．has been held

C．will be held   D．is being held

解析：由some workers were busily setting the table，可知会议要被召开，同时时态为过去时，故选A。

答案：A

 

9．将来完成时：They will have finished the work ahead of time when we decide to see them.

15.—Have you finished your essay?

—Half ________ when you come back.

A．has been done   B．is done

C．be done     D．will have been done

解析：考查动词时态和语态辨析。when引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以主句表示将来的动作，且表示“等你回来的时候一半的工作将已经完成”。

答案：D

10．含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词

These books must be returned in three days.

注：被动语态还有一种“get＋过去分词”的结构，这种结构比较口语化。例如：

Teacher Wang got married last year.

 

16. At minus 130℃，a living cell can ________ for a thousand years.

A．preserve    B．be preserved

C．be preserving   D．have been preserved

解析：考查情态动词用法。can 后面接动词原形，同时应注意被动语态。句意为：在零下130℃时，活细胞可以存活一千年。

答案：B

二、主动形式表示被动意义的情况

1.—Honey，this is a present for your birthday.

—Ah！A pair of shoes，Nike！I think it ________ comfortable.

A．wears    B．is worn

C．is wearing    D．has worn

解析：it wears comfortable 它穿起来很舒服。

答案： A

2.—I'd like a pen which ________ well.

—Will this one ________？

A．writes; help    B．writes; do

C．is written; work    D．is written; help

解析：考查动词的语态和动词辨析。第一空表示“一支好用的钢笔”，用主动语态而不用被动，因此空白处填writes。答语说：这支笔可以吗？表示“行，可以”用动词do。

答案：B

3.Our house has reached the point where so many things need ________ and it's so hard to find the time to fix them.

A．to do up   B．doing up

C．to put up   D．putting up

答案：B

三、被动语态与系表结构的区别

被动语态表示动作，主语是动作的承受者；而系表结构则表示主语的特征或所处的状态。

1. Mom's spent the day shopping，cleaning and cooking and now she________.

A．has worn out   B．is worn out

C．is wearing out   D．wears out

解析：本题的第一分句用的是现在完成时，再根据时间状语now可知指现在状况，所以用一般现在时，be worn out意为“筋疲力尽”。

答案：B

四、“get＋过去分词”结构的用法

1. —Do you know how much a babysitter ________ for an hour?

—Well，it depends.

A．pays    B．gets paid

C．being paid    D．paid

解析：根据句意“你知道一个保姆一小时挣多少钱吗”可知答案为B。

答案：B

2. —What's wrong with your leg?

—It ________ in a car accident.

A．has been hurt    B．got hurt

C．hurt    D．hurts

解析：考查谓语动词的时态和语态。答语意为：在一次车祸中受伤了。主语It即指my leg，为谓语动词动作的承受者，因此需要用被动语态；车祸发生在过去，因此应用一般过去时。这里got hurt＝was hurt。

答案：B