Unit 1 Making New Friends

 【重点短语】

1. good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好

2. glad / nice to meet / see you  见到你很高兴

3. welcome to + 地点   欢迎来到……

4. let’s + v  让我们做……

5. stand up 起立

6. sit down 坐下

7. this is...  这是……

8. thanks = thank you 谢谢

9. see you = see you later = goodbye 再见

10. ID number 身份证号码

11. be from=come from 来自

12. in English 用英语

 【重要句型】

1. ---What’s your name? ---My name is Sally.

2. ---Where are you from? ---I’m from China.

---Where do you come from? ---I come from China.

3. ---Where is he/ she from? ---He/She is from Japan.

4. ---What’s this/ that in English? --- It’s a/ an… 

5. ---What’re these/ those in English? ---They’re…  

6. ---How do you spell it? ---E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.

7. ---Can you spell it? ---Yes, M-A-P, map.

8. —How old are you/ is he/ are they?

—I’m/ He is/ They are eleven.

9. —What’s your telephone number?

—It’s 4567967.

10. —What class/ grade are you in?  

—I’m in Class Ten, Grade Seven.（注意大小写）

11. Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.    

12. —Hello!/Hi!  —Hello!/Hi!

13. —Nice/Glad to see/meet you.  —Nice/Glad to see/meet you, too.

14. —Welcome to China/my home.  —Thanks.

15. —How do you do?  —How do you do?

16. —How are you?  —Fine, thank you. And you?  —I’m OK.

17. —See you then/ later.  —See you.    

18. —Goodbye.  —Bye.

19. —Thank you.  —You’re welcome./That’s OK./Not at all.

 

【重点语法】

 1. 元音字母：Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu

 包含有以下元音的字母：

[e]  Aa Hh Jj Kk         

[i:]  Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv      

[aɪ] Ii Yy  

[ju:]  Uu Qq   Ww      

[e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz

 2. 大小写

 句首字母，人名，地名，称呼语，专有名词，星期的首字母要大写，引人注意。

• Look！Is that Jane?

• He comes from Hubei, China.

• Mr. Wang, this is my mom.

• —What class are you in?

—I’m in Class Ten, Grade Seven.

• On Sunday, we go to the West Hill for a picnic.

 3. Be动词的用法

 • 我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，单数用is，复数就用are。

• 含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not，变一般疑问句将be提前。

• 一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+ be；否定回答：No, 人称代词+be + not。

 如：---They are teachers.  ---They are not teachers.

---Are they teachers?  ---Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.

4. 不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法

 (1)不定冠词a, an的用法

 a /an 都表示“一，一个”，a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：a book; a desk; an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：an apple / an orange/ an English book;/ an English boy/ an old man;/an actor/ an English teacher/ an office worker.

 (2)the是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用

 • We are in the same class.

• The girl in a pink skirt is Jane.

• Where is the book?

• This isn’t my bike. The blue one is mine.

 (3) and的用法

 • 数字相加看做单数： Two and three is five.

 • 颜色相加也是单数:   Black and white is gray.

 • 人和事物相加是复数：Lucy and Lily are sisters. The pen and the eraser are Jane’s.

 5. 可数名词单数变复数

（1）规则变化

 ① 一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car---cars; photo---photos; toy---toys; boy---boys

② 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词，在词尾加--es，如：box---boxes; bus--buses

③ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：baby--babies; family--families

4）以fe结尾，变fe为v再加es，如：knife--- knives

（2）不规则变化

 如：foot---feet; man---men; woman---women; snowman---snowmen;

（3）集体名词：people, clothes, police, family

（4）成双出现的名词：shoes, pants(trousers), gloves, eyes, ears

 九. 一词多义：An orange（桔子）is orange（橙色的）. 

 Unit 2 Looking Different

 【重点短语】

1. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.把某物给某人

Please give it to her.

2. look the same 长相相同     

look different 长相不同，看起来不一样

3. look like 看起来像

He looks like his father. = He and his father look the same.

4. next to 在……旁边

The boy next to me is my good friend.

5. in +颜色  穿着……颜色的衣服

in +a/an +颜色+衣服  穿着……颜色的……

The boy in a yellow T-shirt and gray pants is my good friend.6. (1) both两者都（be动词之后，实义动词之前）   

They both have brown hair and black eyes.

They are both office workers.

(2)all 三者或三者以上都

They are all kind to me. 

7. 数字+(形状、大小)+颜色+n.  

two big red apples

She has short blond hair.

 【重点句型】

1. Who is your favorite actor?

2. We are in the same school, but we are in different grades.

3. What do/does +主语+look like? ……长得怎么样？

---What does he look like?

--- He is not very tall but very strong.

4. We don’t look the same, but we are good friends.

We look the same, but we are in different clothes.

5. ---What color is/are +主语？---It’s/ They’re +颜色.

---What color is her hair? ---It’s blond.

6. This is my cap. = This cap is mine.

Is this your cap? = Is this cap yours?

---Whose cap is this? = Whose is this cap? --- It’s Sally’s.

---Whose are these bananas? --- They’re their bananas/ theirs.

7. His pants are blue and mine are white.(mine=my pants)

My T-shirt is green and his is brown.(his=his T-shirt)

8. I have small eyes, but he has big ones.（ones指代eyes）

My jacket is blue and white. That one is blue. （one指代jacket）

 【重点语法】

 1. 动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式

 （1）主语是第三人称单数形式（he、she、it；单一的人；单一的名字；单一的事物），动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则：

 ① 一般情况直接加“s”，如：come---comes，meet---meets

② 动词以o，s，sh，ch, x结尾，加“es”，如：do--does; go--goes; teach--teaches

③ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加es, 如：study--studies, fly--flies, try--tries

④ 特殊情况：have--has

 （2）句型转换

 ① 当主语为第三人称单数：变否定句时，在动词前加doesn’t, 动词现原形；变一般疑问句时，在句首加does，动词现原形。

一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+does；否定回答：No, 人称代词+doesn’t.

如：She has small eyes.

---She doesn’t have small eyes.

---Does she have small eyes?

---Yes, she does. /No, she doesn’t.

② 当主语为第一、第二人称变否定句，在动词前加don’t，变一般疑问句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+do；否定回答：No，人称代词+don’t.

They have small eyes.

---They don’t have small eyes.

--- Do they have small eyes?  

---Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

 2. 表示所属关系

 （1）名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词

 形容词性物主代词   my    your   his   her    our   their    its

名词性物主代词    mine   yours   his   hers   ours  theirs   its

 • --Whose is this pen? Is it yours?

• --No, it’s not mine. My pen is blue.

（2）名词所有格

 ① 用于人或其他表示有生命的名词后：

 • 单数或不以s结尾的复数+’s，如：Jane’s book；Women’s Day

• 以s结尾的复数+’如： Teachers’Day

• Lucy’s and Lily’s bags 分有   

Lucy and Lily’s room 共有

Those are Jane’s shoes.= Those shoes are Jane’s.

 ② of 表示所属关系，用于没有生命的物体，如：a map of China；a photo of my family