ACT3

 

SCENE I. A room in the castle.

 

（Enter KING CLAUDIUS, QUEEN GERTRUDE, POLONIUS, OPHELIA, ROSENCRANTZ, and GUILDENSTERN）

 

KING CLAUDIUS

And can you, by no drift of circumstance,

                  Get from him why he puts on this confusion,

                  Grating so harshly all his days of quiet

                  With turbulent and dangerous lunacy?

ROSENCRANTZ

                  He does confess he feels himself distracted;

                  But from what cause he will by no means speak.

GUILDENSTERN

                  Nor do we find him forward to be sounded,

                  But, with a crafty madness, keeps aloof,

                  When we would bring him on to some confession

                  Of his true state.

QUEEN GERTRUDE

                  Did he receive you well?

ROSENCRANTZ

                  Most like a gentleman.

GUILDENSTERN

                  But with much forcing of his disposition.

ROSENCRANTZ

                  Niggard of question; but, of our demands,

                  Most free in his reply.

QUEEN GERTRUDE

                  Did you assay him?

                  To any pastime?

ROSENCRANTZ

                  Madam, it so fell out, that certain players

                  We o'er-raught on the way: of these we told him;

                  And there did seem in him a kind of joy

                  To hear of it: they are about the court,

                  And, as I think, they have already order

                  This night to play before him.

LORD POLONIUS

                  'Tis most true:

                  And he beseech'd me to entreat your majesties

                  To hear and see the matter.

 

KING CLAUDIUS

                  With all my heart; and it doth much content me

                  To hear him so inclined.

                  Good gentlemen, give him a further edge,

                  And drive his purpose on to these delights.

ROSENCRANTZ

                  We shall, my lord.

 

（Exeunt ROSENCRANTZ and GUILDENSTERN）

 

KING CLAUDIUS

                  Sweet Gertrude, leave us too;

                  For we have closely sent for Hamlet hither,

                  That he, as 'twere by accident, may here

                  Affront Ophelia:

                  Her father and myself, lawful espials,

                  Will so bestow ourselves that, seeing, unseen,

                  We may of their encounter frankly judge,

                  And gather by him, as he is behaved,

                  If 't be the affliction of his love or no

                  That thus he suffers for.

QUEEN GERTRUDE

                  I shall obey you.

                  And for your part, Ophelia, I do wish

                  That your good beauties be the happy cause

                  Of Hamlet's wildness: so shall I hope your virtues

                  Will bring him to his wonted way again,

                  To both your honours.

OPHELIA

                  Madam, I wish it may.

（Exit QUEEN GERTRUDE）

 

LORD POLONIUS

                  Ophelia, walk you here. Gracious, so please you,

                  We will bestow ourselves.（To OPHELIA）

Read on this book;

                  That show of such an exercise may colour

                  Your loneliness. We are oft to blame in this,--

                  'Tis too much proved--that with devotion's visage

                  And pious action we do sugar o'er

                  The devil himself.

KING CLAUDIUS

                  [Aside] O, 'tis too true!

                  How smart a lash that speech doth give my conscience!

                  The harlot's cheek, beautied with plastering art,

                  Is not more ugly to the thing that helps it

                  Than is my deed to my most painted word:

                  O heavy burthen!

LORD POLONIUS

                  I hear him coming: let's withdraw, my lord.

 

（Exeunt KING CLAUDIUS and POLONIUS）

 

（Enter HAMLET）

HAMLET

                  To be, or not to be: that is the question:

                  Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer

                  The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,

                  Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,

                  And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep;

                  No more; and by a sleep to say we end

                  The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks

                  That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation

                  Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;

                  To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;

                  For in that sleep of death what dreams may come

                  When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,

                  Must give us pause: there's the respect

                  That makes calamity of so long life;

                  For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,

                  The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,

                  The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,

                  The insolence of office and the spurns

                  That patient merit of the unworthy takes,

                  When he himself might his quietus make

                  With a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear,

                  To grunt and sweat under a weary life,

                  But that the dread of something after death,

                  The undiscover'd country from whose bourn

                  No traveller returns, puzzles the will

                  And makes us rather bear those ills we have

                  Than fly to others that we know not of?

                  Thus conscience does make cowards of us all;

                  And thus the native hue of resolution

                  Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,

                  And enterprises of great pith and moment

                  With this regard their currents turn awry,

                  And lose the name of action.--Soft you now!

                  The fair Ophelia! Nymph, in thy orisons

                  Be all my sins remember'd.

OPHELIA

                  Good my lord,

                  How does your honour for this many a day?

HAMLET

                  I humbly thank you; well, well, well.

OPHELIA

                  My lord, I have remembrances of yours,

                  That I have longed long to re-deliver;

                  I pray you, now receive them.

HAMLET

                  No, not I;

                  I never gave you aught.

OPHELIA

                  My honour'd lord, you know right well you did;

                  And, with them, words of so sweet breath composed

                  As made the things more rich: their perfume lost,

                  Take these again; for to the noble mind

                  Rich gifts wax poor when givers prove unkind.

                  There, my lord.

HAMLET

                  Ha, ha! are you honest?

OPHELIA

                  My lord?

HAMLET

                  Are you fair?

OPHELIA

                  What means your lordship?

HAMLET

                  That if you be honest and fair, your honesty should

                  admit no discourse to your beauty.

OPHELIA

                  Could beauty, my lord, have better commerce than

                  with honesty?

HAMLET

                  Ay, truly; for the power of beauty will sooner

                  transform honesty from what it is to a bawd than the

                  force of honesty can translate beauty into his

                  likeness: this was sometime a paradox, but now the

                  time gives it proof. I did love you once.

OPHELIA

                  Indeed, my lord, you made me believe so.

HAMLET

                  You should not have believed me; for virtue cannot

                  so inoculate our old stock but we shall relish of

                  it: I loved you not.

OPHELIA

                  I was the more deceived.

HAMLET

                  Get thee to a nunnery: why wouldst thou be a

                  breeder of sinners? I am myself indifferent honest;

                  but yet I could accuse me of such things that it

                  were better my mother had not borne me: I am very

                  proud, revengeful, ambitious, with more offences at

                  my beck than I have thoughts to put them in,

                  imagination to give them shape, or time to act them

                  in. What should such fellows as I do crawling

                  between earth and heaven? We are arrant knaves,

                  all; believe none of us. Go thy ways to a nunnery.

                  Where's your father?

OPHELIA

                  At home, my lord.

HAMLET

                  Let the doors be shut upon him, that he may play the

                  fool no where but in's own house. Farewell.

OPHELIA

                  O, help him, you sweet heavens!

HAMLET

                  If thou dost marry, I'll give thee this plague for

                  thy dowry: be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as

                  snow, thou shalt not escape calumny. Get thee to a

                  nunnery, go: farewell. Or, if thou wilt needs

                  marry, marry a fool; for wise men know well enough

                  what monsters you make of them. To a nunnery, go,

                  and quickly too. Farewell.

OPHELIA

                  O heavenly powers, restore him!

HAMLET

                  I have heard of your paintings too, well enough; God

                  has given you one face, and you make yourselves

                  another: you jig, you amble, and you lisp, and

                  nick-name God's creatures, and make your wantonness

                  your ignorance. Go to, I'll no more on't; it hath

                  made me mad. I say, we will have no more marriages:

                  those that are married already, all but one, shall

                  live; the rest shall keep as they are. To a

                  nunnery, go.

 

（Exit）

 

OPHELIA

                  O, what a noble mind is here o'erthrown!

                  The courtier's, soldier's, scholar's, eye, tongue, sword;

                  The expectancy and rose of the fair state,

                  The glass of fashion and the mould of form,

                  The observed of all observers, quite, quite down!

                  And I, of ladies most deject and wretched,

                  That suck'd the honey of his music vows,

                  Now see that noble and most sovereign reason,

                  Like sweet bells jangled, out of tune and harsh;

                  That unmatch'd form and feature of blown youth

                  Blasted with ecstasy: O, woe is me,

                  To have seen what I have seen, see what I see!

 

（Re-enter KING CLAUDIUS and POLONIUS）

 

KING CLAUDIUS

                  Love! his affections do not that way tend;

                  Nor what he spake, though it lack'd form a little,

                  Was not like madness. There's something in his soul,

                  O'er which his melancholy sits on brood;

                  And I do doubt the hatch and the disclose

                  Will be some danger: which for to prevent,

                  I have in quick determination

                  Thus set it down: he shall with speed to England,

                  For the demand of our neglected tribute

                  Haply the seas and countries different

                  With variable objects shall expel

                  This something-settled matter in his heart,

                  Whereon his brains still beating puts him thus

                  From fashion of himself. What think you on't?

LORD POLONIUS

                  It shall do well: but yet do I believe

                  The origin and commencement of his grief

                  Sprung from neglected love. How now, Ophelia!

                  You need not tell us what Lord Hamlet said;

                  We heard it all. My lord, do as you please;

                  But, if you hold it fit, after the play

                  Let his queen mother all alone entreat him

                  To show his grief: let her be round with him;

                  And I'll be placed, so please you, in the ear

                  Of all their conference. If she find him not,

                  To England send him, or confine him where

                  Your wisdom best shall think.

KING CLAUDIUS

                  It shall be so:

                  Madness in great ones must not unwatch'd go.（Exeunt）

SCENE I （END）

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第三幕 

第一场　城堡中一室

　（国王、王后、波洛涅斯、奥菲利娅、罗森格兰兹及吉尔登斯吞上。 ）

国王  你们不能用迂回婉转的方法，探出他为什么这样神魂颠倒，让紊乱而危险的疯狂困扰他的安静的生活        吗？ 

罗森格兰兹  他承认他自己有些神经迷惘，可是绝口不肯说为了什么缘故。 

吉尔登斯吞  他也不肯虚心接受我们的探问；当我们想要引导他吐露他自己的一些真相的时候，他总是用假作痴    呆的神气故意回避。  

王后  他对待你们还客气吗？ 

罗森格兰兹  很有礼貌。 

吉尔登斯吞  可是不大自然。 

罗森格兰兹  他很吝惜自己的话，可是我们问他话的时候，他回答起来却是毫无拘束。 

王后  你们有没有劝诱他找些什么消遣？ 

罗森格兰兹  娘娘，我们来的时候，刚巧有一班戏子也要到这儿来，给我们赶过了；我们把这消息告诉了他，他    听了好像很高兴。现在他们已经到了宫里，我想他已经吩咐他们今晚为他演出了。 

波洛涅斯  一点不错；他还叫我来请两位陛下同去看看他们演得怎样哩。 

国王  那好极了；我非常高兴听见他在这方面感到兴趣。请你们两位还要更进一步鼓起他的兴味，把他的心思移    转到这种娱乐上面。 

罗森格兰兹  是，陛下。（罗森格兰兹、吉尔登斯吞同下。） 

国王  亲爱的乔特鲁德，你也暂时离开我们；因为我们已经暗中差人去唤哈姆莱特到这儿来，让他和奥菲利娅见    见面，就像他们偶然相遇一般。她的父亲跟我两人将要权充一下密探，躲在可以看见他们，却不能被他们看    见的地方，注意他们会面的情形，从他的行为上判断他的疯病究竟是不是因为恋爱上的苦闷。 

王后  我愿意服从您的意旨。奥菲利娅，但愿你的美貌果然是哈姆莱特疯狂的原因；更愿你的美德能够帮助他恢    复原状，使你们两人都能安享尊荣。 

奥菲利娅  娘娘，但愿如此。（王后下。） 

波洛涅斯  奥菲利娅，你在这儿走走。陛下，我们就去躲起来吧。（向奥菲利娅）你拿这本书去读，他看见你这    样用功，就不会疑心你为什么一个人在这儿了。人们往往用至诚的外表和虔敬的行动，掩饰一颗魔鬼般的内    心，这样的例子是太多了。 

国王  （旁白）啊，这句话是太真实了！它在我的良心上抽了多么重的一鞭！涂脂抹粉的娼妇的脸，还不及掩藏    在虚伪的言辞后面的我的行为更丑恶。难堪的重负啊！ 

波洛涅斯  我听见他来了；我们退下去吧，陛下。（国王及波洛涅斯下。） 

　  　　　（哈姆莱特上。 ）

哈姆莱特  生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人世的无涯的    苦难，通过斗争把它们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵？死了；睡着了；什么都完了；要是在这一种睡眠    之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，都可以从此消失，那正是我们求之不得    的结局。死了；睡着了；睡着了也许还会做梦；嗯，阻碍就在这儿：因为当我们摆脱了这一具朽腐的皮囊以    后，在那死的睡眠里，究竟将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是    为了这个缘故；谁愿意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、压迫者的凌辱、傲慢者的冷眼、被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛、法律    的迁延、官吏的横暴和费尽辛勤所换来的小人的鄙视，要是他只要用一柄小小的刀子，就可以清算他自己的    一生？谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，倘不是因为惧怕不可知的死后，惧怕那从    来不曾有一个旅人回来过的神秘之国，是它迷惑了我们的意志，使我们宁愿忍受目前的磨折，不敢向我们所    不知道的痛苦飞去？这样，重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的赤热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层    灰色，伟大的事业在这一种考虑之下，也会逆流而退，失去了行动的意义。且慢！美丽的奥菲利娅！——女    神，在你的祈祷之中，不要忘记替我忏悔我的罪孽。 

奥菲利娅  我的好殿下，您这许多天来贵体安好吗？ 

哈姆莱特  谢谢你，很好，很好，很好。 

奥菲利娅  殿下，我有几件您送给我的纪念品，我早就想把它们还给您；请您现在收回去吧。 

哈姆莱特  不，我不要；我从来没有给你什么东西。 

奥菲利娅  殿下，我记得很清楚您把它们送给了我，那时候您还向我说了许多甜言蜜语，使这些东西格外显得贵    重；现在它们的芳香已经消散，请您拿回去吧，因为在有骨气的人看来，送礼的人要是变了心，礼物虽贵，    也会失去了价值。拿去吧，殿下。 

哈姆莱特  哈哈！你贞洁吗？ 

奥菲利娅  殿下！ 

哈姆莱特  你美丽吗？ 

奥菲利娅  殿下是什么意思？ 

哈姆莱特  要是你既贞洁又美丽，那么你的贞洁应该断绝跟你的美丽来往。 

奥菲利娅  殿下，难道美丽除了贞洁以外，还有什么更好的伴侣吗？ 

哈姆莱特  嗯，真的；因为美丽可以使贞洁变成淫荡，贞洁却未必能使美丽受它自己的感化；这句话从前像是怪    诞之谈，可是现在时间已经把它证实了。我的确曾经爱过你。 

奥菲利娅  真的，殿下，您曾经使我相信您爱我。 

哈姆莱特  你当初就不应该相信我，因为美德不能熏陶我们罪恶的本性；我没有爱过你。 

奥菲利娅  那么我真是受了骗了。 

哈姆莱特  进尼姑庵去吧；为什么你要生一群罪人出来呢？我自己还不算是一个顶坏的人；可是我可以指出我的    许多过失，一个人有了那些过失，他的母亲还是不要生下他来的好。我很骄傲，有仇必报，富于野心，我的    罪恶是那么多，连我的思想也容纳不下，我的想像也不能给它们形像，甚至于我都没有充分的时间可以把它    们实行出来。像我这样的家伙，匍匐于天地之间，有什么用处呢？我们都是些十足的坏人；一个也不要相信    我们。进尼姑庵去吧。你的父亲呢？ 

奥菲利娅  在家里，殿下。 

哈姆莱特  把他关起来，让他只好在家里发发傻劲。再会！ 

奥菲利娅  嗳哟，天哪！救救他！ 

哈姆莱特  要是你一定要嫁人，我就把这一个咒诅送给你做嫁奁：尽管你像冰一样坚贞，像雪一样纯洁，你还是    逃不过谗人的诽谤。进尼姑庵去吧，去；再会！或者要是你必须嫁人的话，就嫁给一个傻瓜吧；因为聪明人    都明白你们会叫他们变成怎样的怪物。进尼姑庵去吧，去；越快越好。再会！ 

奥菲利娅  天上的神明啊，让他清醒过来吧！ 

哈姆莱特  我也知道你们会怎样涂脂抹粉；上帝给了你们一张脸，你们又替自己另外造了一张。你们烟视媚行，    淫声浪气，替上帝造下的生物乱取名字，卖弄你们不懂事的风骚。算了吧，我再也不敢领教了；它已经使我    发了狂。我说，我们以后再不要结什么婚了；已经结过婚的，除了一个人以外，都可以让他们活下去；没有    结婚的不准再结婚，进尼姑庵去吧，去。（下。） 

奥菲利娅  啊，一颗多么高贵的心是这样殒落了！朝臣的眼睛、学者的辩舌、军人的利剑、国家所瞩望的一朵娇    花；时流的明镜、人伦的雅范、举世注目的中心，这样无可挽回地殒落了！我是一切妇女中间最伤心而不幸    的，我曾经从他音乐一般的盟誓中吮吸芬芳的甘蜜，现在却眼看着他的高贵无上的理智，像一串美妙的银铃    失去了谐和的音调，无比的青春美貌，在疯狂中雕谢！啊！我好苦，谁料过去的繁华，变作今朝的泥土！ 

　（国王及波洛涅斯重上。） 

国王  恋爱！他的精神错乱不像是为了恋爱；他说的话虽然有些颠倒，也不像是疯狂。他有些什么心事盘踞在他    的灵魂里，我怕它也许会产生危险的结果。为了防止万一，我已经当机立断，决定了一个办法：他必须立刻    到英国去，向他们追索延宕未纳的贡物；也许他到海外各国游历一趟以后，时时变换的环境，可以替他排解    去这一桩使他神思恍惚的心事。你看怎么样？ 

波洛涅斯  那很好；可是我相信他的烦闷的根本原因，还是为了恋爱上的失意。啊，奥菲利娅！你不用告诉我们    哈姆莱特殿下说些什么话；我们全都听见了。陛下，照您的意思办吧；可是您要是认为可以的话，不妨在戏    剧终场以后，让他的母后独自一人跟他在一起，恳求他向她吐露他的心事；她必须很坦白地跟他谈谈，我就    找一个所在听他们说些什么。要是她也探听不出他的秘密来，您就叫他到英国去，或者凭着您的高见，把他    关禁在一个适当的地方。  

国王  就这样吧；大人物的疯狂是不能听其自然的。（同下。）  

第一场 （完）