英国瓷器《皇家标准》

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英国“皇家标准”<royal standard>是查普曼 朗顿有限公司Chapmans Longton Ltd, Albert Works, Longton, Staffordshire potteries,的一个品牌。这家公司以前位于英国古老的瓷都,朗顿,斯塔福德郡。
查普曼朗顿有限公司,1916年成立的瓷器标志有几种:
瓷器标准(1916),皇家标准(1916),皇家梅费尔(骨质瓷器)(1938年至1941年)
下图:各个年代的这家公司瓷器的底部印款,注明了它们的图形和出产年代。
http://www.figurines-sculpture.com/images/standard-china-england-antique-china-fine-china-and-modern-china-manufacturers-query-21260077.jpg
下图:我找来了英国“皇家标准”茶具的一个实物作为实例,按照上面的印款对照,它应该是1949年至某个年景出品。

下图:俯视

下图:侧视

下图:侧视-2

下图:茶杯底部印款,写有:皇家标准,骨瓷,英格兰。茶杯还印有编号。

下图:1949年出产的英国骨瓷茶具,底部印款的细节。

下图:它的图案设计和造型,全部是金绘图案。

下图:图案细节,天枰座(libra)的造型,也有人说是白金金绘。

下图:茶盘的细节。

下图:茶盘背后的印款。

下几图:1900年由英国人威廉姆. 布雷克拍摄的英国瓷都斯塔福德当年的情景。上述洁白金绘的雅致瓷器就出于1900年这些乌烟瘴气的工厂作坊里,污染严重。和如今严格实施环保标准的英国和欧洲很不同。如果能读英语的话,从这怀旧的老照片里,你可以找到很多著名的厂家和当地的陶土矿。
Photographed by William Blake c. 1900-1940.
photo: © Stoke-on-Trent Potteries Museum - Staffordshire Past Tracks
http://www.thepotteries.org/potworks_wk/2011/daisy/daisy2.jpg
下图:挖陶土的矿洞,挖如此巨大深坑,掠夺性开采,致使如今空有技术,无原料了。 http://www.thepotteries.org/potworks_wk/2011/daisy/view.jpg
Daisy Bank Brickworks - Marl Hole, Longton
in the rear, centre can be seen the tower of St. James Church which sits between Uttoxeter Road and
Normacot Road - this helps to locate the view and the mirriad of pottery works bottle ovens in the area
Clay is taken from the hole via the track, directly into the works,
the 'chard' or broken scrap ware can be seen on the left of the track, filling the hole back up again.
There were also the rather optimistically named Paradise and
Orchard Streets which are out of view on the
left.
The terrace of houses in the top left of the image was known as
Willow Row.
http://www.thepotteries.org/potworks_wk/2011/daisy/1947.jpg
pottery works in Longton in
1947
the red circle is the location of the Daisy Bank
marl hole, alongside Spring Garden Road
the arrow shows the direction of the photograph towards St. James
Church
the potworks in the area of the photograph were....
50 Cartwright & Edwards, Ltd.
51 Adderleys, Ltd.
52 Holdcrofts, Ltd.
30 Thos. Brian, Ltd.
31 Thomas
Cone
32 Barker Bros., Ltd.
33 Sampson Smith, Ltd.
34 A. T. Finney, Blue Bell Pottery
35 Garfield Pottery, Ltd.
36 New Chelsea Porcelain Co., Ltd.
37 Hudson & Mlddleton, Ltd., Delphine Pottery
38 A. T. Finney,
Duchess Pottery
39 Wm.
Hudson
40 Chapmans, Longton, Ltd.
41 Winterton Pottery (Longton), Ltd.
42 Royal Albion China Co.
43 Hammersley & Co. (Longton), Ltd.
44 Doric China Co.
45 Gladstone China (Longton), Ltd.
46 Roslyn China
47 New Park Potteries, Ltd.
48 Shaw & Copestake, Ltd.
下图:如今的地势图,生产皇家标准瓷器公司的地址用红圈标记起来的圈内里。