1表示小的名词后缀：

-et        表名词，”小东西“                   Floweret, packet

-ette      表名词，“小的东西或状态”           Etiquette,

-let=-et   表示“小”                           Leaflet, booklet

-ling      表名词，“小东西或某种人”           Gosling, underling

-ule       表名词，“小…”                     Barbule, nodule

-y        [1]  表名词，“人或小东西”           Kitty, doggy

               常带有戏谑性和爱称

-ie       表名词，“小东西或人”                Movie, birdie

-kin　　  表名词，“小…”                      Napkin, manikin

 

2表示学科学术的名词后缀：

-ic      [1]                                    Rhetoric, arithmetic, logic

-ics    “学科，学术”                           Pediatrics, aesthetics

-ism     [1]学术或其流派[1]主义或宗教           Materialism, Catholicism

-logy                                           Psychology, biology

-ry      [1]常放一完整词后表行业，学科”        chemistry, palmistry

 

3表示女性的名词后缀：

-ess                                            Goddess, , hostess,

-ress                                          [1] Mistress, actress

-enne                                           Comedienne, tragedienne

 

4表示物理学上的名词后缀（……子）：

-on                                             Proton,  photon,  electron, neutron,

 

5表示地点场所的名词后缀：

-ry      [1]  通常放在一完整的单词后面          Ferry, quarry,  foundry,  pantry

-ary     [1]                                    Library,  seminary

-ery     [1]                                    Cemetery, nursery, monastery

-ory     [1]                                    Factory, inventory,armory

-atory   [1]                                    purgatory, laboratory, conservatory

-arium                                          Aquarium, planetarium,

- ium                                           Stadium gymnasium, auditorium)

- ern                                          [1] Cistern, cavern, lectern,

-age                                           [1] Village, anchorage

 

6 表示某种疾病的名词后缀：

-ia      [1]                                    Insomnia, paranoia, dyspepsia,

-ism     [1]                                    Rheumatism, albinism,

-it is  炎症                                    Gastritis, hepatitis,

 

7 表示人或其地位：

-ate       [1]                                  Delegate, celibate,// doctorate, electorate,

 

8作名词后缀表示物体的：

-ile     [1]                                  Missile, domicile, mobile,

-ion      [1]                                 Mansion, accordion, cushion.

-ment     [1]                                 mbankment, nutriment, fragment

 

9表示动作过程 或 结果 状态：

-ment     [1]  “行为或结果”                  Development, enactment

-ion      [1]                                  Aversion, concision,

-ation     行为，过程，结果”                  Convocation, combination,

-ization  -ize+ation,…化或发展过程”          Modernization, industrialization,

-ification  由ify-àific变化而来                Modification, deification,

-ition         行为过程，状态”                Definition, apparition, partition,

-ture   以t结尾时，“一般状态，行为”          Fracture, denture,

…ature                                        Signature, legislature

---iture”                                     Expenditure, divestiture,

---sure     注：在s结尾的词根后变成-sure，     Closure, exposure

-ice        表名词，“行为，状态”             Malice, avarice, splice,

-ism   [1]表示“行为，现象，状态”             Escapism, plagiarism, barbarism,

-ery     表名词，“行为，情况”                Robbery, bribery,

 

10抽象名词：

-th          通常指抽象名词                    Filth, warmth,

-it     [1]  通常是抽象名词                    Credit, deficit,

-age    [1]  “费用（运送费用?）”             postage, towage,

-ship   [1]  技能                              Horsemanship, salesmanship,

-hood    “时期， 性质等”                     Boyhood, manhood,

- o     [1] 用于音乐术语                       Soprano, crescendo, diminuendo,

-dom   “状态或领域”                          Kingdom, freedom,

-er     [1]表名词，“反复做”                 Stammer, stutter, batter,

-ful     [1]表名词，“满，量”                 Handful,

 

11表示国家的语言

-ese    [1]                                   Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese

-ish    [1]                                   English, Turkish, Spanish,

-an     [1]                                   Korean, German, Russian,

单独记忆：Arabic,

 

12表示某种关系或状态

-ship  [1]表示某种（感情）关系或状态          relationship, friendship,

 

 

 

13表示集合名词：

-ry   [1]常放一完整的单词后表集合名词        Poetry, peasantry, citizenry

-ade  [1]                                    Brigade, crusade

-age  [1]表示“总称”                        Foliage ,patronage

-ia   [1] 表名词，“总称，状态”             Militia, insignia, utopia,

 

14表示行业：

-ing  [1]

-ry   [1]通常放在一个完整的单词后面         Fishing, banking,

                                            Forestry, husbandry(或表示学科)

 

15表示人 或 物 的后缀：

-al    [1]                                  Mural, rival,

-el                                         Chisel, colonel;

-an    [1].…人（不表示物）                 Partisan, artisan,

-en    [1] (活物?)                          Maiden, chicken, kitchen,

-on                                         Patron, baton,

 

-er    -fy转化为-fier                      leader, heater, Amplifier, falsifier

-ier                                       Barrier, cavalier

-ar　　[1]                                 Scholar, liar, altar,

-or                                        Mentor, vendor,

-ator   常由ate结尾的动词而来              Gladiator, dictator

-itor   （不表示物）                       Expositor,  suitor,  janitor

-ant [1]人[1]“剂”                        accountant, deodorant

-ent [1]人[1]“剂”                        president, detergent

-ic  [1]人[1] “剂”                       Analgesic, critic

-ade [1]个人或集体 [1] 物品                Crusade, brigade, cascade,

-aire                                      Questionnaire,  millionaire,

-ary [1] (物？)                            Secretary, adversary, emissary,

-ast                                       Enthusiast, ballast,

-oon                                       Spoon, tycoon

-ress 女性 或物品                          Mattress, waitress

-I n e  [1]人 女人[1]药物                  Libertine, caffeine,

-I t e  [1] 人或物                         Anchorite, granite

-I v e  [1]                                Captive, esplosive

 

16一般表示人的名词后缀：

-it    [1].(另表抽象名词 spirit ,plaudit)  Pundit, hermit, recruit

-ot                                        Bigot, idiot,

-ee   “被动或主动的人”                   Examinee, refugee,

-eer                                       Engineer,

-an                                        Spartan, roman,

-ian    [1]                                Ruffian, civilian,

-arian  [1]                                Humanitarian, utilitarian,

-ain                                       Chieftain, villain

-ster                                      spinster, rhymester,

-aster  表“不怎么样的人”                 Poetaster, medicaster,

-ard    表“不好的人”                     Bastard, sluggard, coward,

- ist   [1]表示信仰者，                    Arsonist, dentist, feminist

        专家或从事某活动的人           

 -itor                                     Expositor,  suitor,  janitor

-ator                                      Gladiator,

17表示某种物品或状态的后缀：              例子

-acle 表名词，“…物品，状态”              Manacle, tentacle

-ad   表名词，“…东西，状态”              Nomad, doodad, myriad

-ade  [1]表名词表示“物品 状态，”          Blockade, cockade

-age  [1]                                   Dotage, pilgrimage

-ine  [1] 药品或状态                        Iodine, famine,

-ise  [1]                                   Merchandise, exercise, treatise

-ing  [1]                                   Footing, filling,

 

18表示某种状态 / 性质的名词后缀：

-al     [1]状态                             Dismissal, survival,

-ance  =ancy                                Disturbance, stance, vigilance,

-ence，=ency                                Negligence, dependence

-y   [1] 表名词，加形容词或以r结尾的单词后  Difficulty, jealousy, discovery(也表示物)

-ry  [1]常放一完整的单词后表示状态，性质”  artistry, rivalry, banditry

-cy  一般是t或te结尾的形容词变来            bankruptcy, idiocy,

-acy，ate结尾的形容词变来                   Fallacy, intimacy

-ancy   ant / ante 尾的形容词变来           Vacancy, pregnancy,

-ency   ent /ente 结尾的形容词变来          emergency, solvency,

-iency表名词，ence的变体                    deficiency, efficiency,

-ty表名词，用在形容词后，把形容词变成名词   specialty, novelty

-ety ，                                     satiety, naivety,

-ity，                                      probity, sanity, rigidity,

-acity  tenacity, veracity,

-ality   al结尾的形容词变来                 personality, nationality

-osity， ose (或ous) +ity，

         表示“多…的状态”                 verbosity, generosity,

-ability   able结尾的形容词变来  性质       usability，variability

-ibility   ible结尾的形容词变来  性质       sensibility, compatibility

-aneity，来自aneous，                       spontaneity, simultaneity

-ness    通常加在形容词后面                 Fulsomeness, tiredness

-ia       [1]状态                           anemia

-ism     [1]                                 sexism, schism, fanaticism,

-faction    “达到的状态”，由-fy转化而来    putrefaction, satisfaction

    -itude      “性质，状态等”                 lassitude, latitude, magnitude