Section I: ( paras. 1, 2) General atmosphere

　　Topic Sentence: The Middle Eastern...takes you ...years.
　　ancientness, backwardness, primitiveness
　　harmonious, liveliness, self-sufficient, simple, not sophisticated, active, vigorous, healthy

　　Section II (One of the peculiarities) the cloth market

　　Section III (One of the most picturesque) the coppersmith market and etc.

　　Section IV (Perhaps the most unforgettable) the mill where linseed oil is made

　　TYPE of Writing: Description: A description is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object, or scene.
a description essay is generally developed through sensory details, or the impressions of one’s senses --- sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. The writer generally chooses those that help to bring out the dominant characteristic or outstanding quality of the person or thing described.

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 　　1. From Macro to Micro
　　2. words appealing to senses: light & heat, sound & movement, and smell & colour.
　　3 nouns, adjectives and even adverbs used as verbs: thread, round, narrow, price, live, tower and dwarf.
　　4. words imitating sounds: onomatopoeia.
　　5. stressful and impressive sentence structures:
　　　　the one I am thinking of particularly…
　　　　one of the peculiarities …
　　　　one of the most picturesque and impressive parts …
　　　　the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar,…
修辞学习:

RHETORIC

　　tenor (subject): the concept, object, or person meant in a metaphor

　　vehicle (reference): a medium through which something is expressed, achieved, or displayed

　　Simile: A simile makes a comparison between two unlike things having at least one quality or characteristic in common. The two things compared must be dissimilar and the basis of resemblance is usually an abstract quality. The vehicle is almost always introduced by the word "like" or "as".

Self-criticism is as necessary to us as air or water.
The water lay grey and wrinkled like an elephant's skin.
My very thoughts were like the ghostly rustle of dead leaves.
The bus went as slowly as a snail.
Her eyes were jet black, and her hair was like a waterfall.

The comparison is purely imaginative, that is, the resemblance between the two unlike things in that one particular aspect exists only in our minds, and not in the nature of the things themselves.
As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.

　　Metaphor: A metaphor, like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike things, but the comparison is implied rather than stated. Some say it the substitution of one thing for another, or the identification of two things from different ranges of thought. Contrary to a simile in which the resemblance between two unlike things is clearly stated, in a metaphor nothing is mentioned. It is often loosely defined as "an implied comparison", " a simile without 'like' or 'as'".

Metaphor is considered the most important and basic poetic figure and also the commonest the most beautiful.
Snow clothes the ground.
The town was stormed after a long siege.
Boys and girls, tumbling in the streets and playing, were moving jewels.

　　Metaphor:
dark cavern, fairyland, maze, honeycomb, etc
form a closely knit guild...

　　Simile:
a vast sombre cavern of a room

　　Onomatopoeia:
creak, squeak, rumble, grunt, sigh, groan, etc.
tinkling, banging, clashing

　　Personification:
The Middle Easter bazaar takes you...
dancing flashes
The beam sinks…taut and protesting

　　Hyperbole:
takes you ...hundreds even thousands of years
every conceivable, innumerable lamps, incredibly young, with the dust of centuries

Onomatopoeia:

　　creak:
(to make) the sound of a badly-oiled door when it opens
When you move in a wooden bed, it creaks.
The hinge of the door needs oiling, it creaks every time it is opened.

　　squeak:
(to make) a short very high but not loud sound
the squeak of a mouse

　　rumble:
(to make) a deep continuous rolling sound
The thunder / the big guns rumbled in the distance.
I am hungry, my stomach is rumbling.

　　grunt:
(of certain animals, to make) short deep rough sounds in the throat, as if the nose were closed, such as the deep short sound characteristic of a hog, or a man making a similar sound expressing disagreement, boredom, irritation
　

　sigh:
(to let out) a deep breath slowly and with a sound, usu. expressing tiredness, sadness, or satisfaction We all heaved a sigh of relief when the work was done.
　　

groan:
(to make) a sound caused by the movement of wood or metal parts heavily loaded, (to make) a deep sound forced out by pain, or expressing despair
The patient groaned as he was lifted on to the stretcher.
The ancient chair gave a groan when the fat woman sat down on it.
The roof creaked and groaned under the weight of the snow.