REVISION Ⅲ

Ⅰ. A. Pronounce the following and spell them out, then put the words into Chinese orally:

Affair  journey  benefit  equip  laboratory  technology  prefer 

victory  unimportant  Nervous  discipline  honour

B. Read the following words and arrange them in groups according to the pronunciation of the italicized letters:

Companion  celebration  atmosphere  camera  balloon  manage  character  attentively  vase
absence  scatter  information  abstract  action gravity  habit  tasty  arithmetic  achievement
separately  telegram  value  advanced  moustache  amusement  cottage  tale  persuade  hibernation

[ei]

[ǽ]

[ɑ:]

[ə]

[i]

Ⅱ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the italicized words:

1.       The windows are bright and clean but the curtains need washing.
Bright young people are encouraged to make their own inventions.

2.       Suddenly Tom appeared in front of the fence.
She appears to be very tired and sad.

3.       This artist is famous for drawing horses.
I saw him drawing a knife out of his pocket.

4.       He’s just set a new world record for the high jump.
He keeps a record of the weather all through the year.
Have you got any music records?

5.       You’d better do more exercise, such as walking, running, horse-riding and so on.
I can’t go swimming with you. I still have some written exercises to do.

6.       Shall we turn and go back now?
After hearing what her schoolmates said, the girl’s face turned red.
It’s your turn to look after the child now.
That TV play is terrible. Turn the TV off or change to something else.

7.       The doctors and nurses did their best to save the boy who had been badly wounded.
She saved most of her salary for buying books.

8.       The railway station clock has just struck seven.
A stone struck me on the head.
The dustmen went on strike against their bad working conditions.

Ⅲ. Fill in each blank with right form of the italicized word in each sentence:

Model: He was very kind to us. When the journey ended, we all thanked him for his      . →

       He was very kind of us. When the journey ended, we all thanked him for his kindness.

1.       It was a dark night and the       prevented them from seeing the bridge.

2.       Is that true? Are you really telling the     ?

3.       People are not permitted to smoke in the office, but special       was given for visitors to smoke here.

4.       When things are mixed together, we call the whole things a      .

5.       What he spoke may turn out to be the most important        on chemistry this year.

6.       The men were determined to defend the city with their lives. They built strong       works and managed to drive back all the attacks by the enemy.

7.       He can’t see. He lost his        in the battle at Laoshan.

8.       It’s of great use to us, but perhaps it isn’t so       to them.

9.       Our country was liberated on August 1, 1948, the same day as that of the founding of the People’s       Army.

10.   The child is so troublesome. He’s caused everyone a lot of       ever since he’s been here.

Ⅳ. Complete the following sentences with the verbs given in their proper forms:

1.       Thank you for       (visit) our school. We look forward to       (see) you again.

2.       He has given up       (smoke) because he is afraid it would do harm to his health.

3.       Please stop       (make) noises in the reading-room.

4.       – Would you mind       (pass) me the newspaper?
- You’ve already read it, haven’t you? I remember       (see) you reading it this morning.
- Yes. But I haven’t finished       (read) it yet.

5.       He enjoys       (play) football but he does not like       (play) other games.

6.       – She’s finished       (write) the notice for the bulletin board, hasn’t she?
- Yes, but I haven’t finished       (correct) it yet.

7.       I don’t mind       (wait) for her but I do mind        (have to) stand outside in the cold.

8.       I couldn’t help       (laugh) when I saw the boy       (make) faces.

9.       Her eyes were wet as she stood there,       (watch) our flag being raised, with the band（乐队）     (play) our national anthem（国歌）.

Ⅴ. Turn the following sentences into the passive voice:

1.       Some people treat sports and games only as amusements.

2.       You should have passed on that information to the inspector yesterday.

3.       The master gathered the opinions of different students before making changes.

4.       We could hear the noise made by thousands of frogs at night.

5.       Do you need his permission each time?

6.       They trained astronauts in the laboratories for their journeys to space.

7.       People are talking about the incident everywhere.

8.       You must not leave bicycles at the door.

9.       Do people all over the world accept that theory?

10.   It astonished us to hear that they built the church in no more than half a year.

Ⅵ. Fill in the blanks with when, where, who, that, since, whether

Lost in the Fog

It’s been quite some time      I was last in London, but something happened during that visit     I’ll remember as long as I live.

London is well-known for its terrible fogs. During my visit, it was terribly foggy. You could hardly see your hands in front of your face. Cars and buses moved slowly, their lights on and their horns blowing wildly.
    Evening fell, the weather got worse. All traffic came to a stop. I had an important meeting on the other side of town. I was to be there at six o’clock. It was impossible to find a taxi, so I decided to walk and set out at once.

Minutes later I was completely lost. I couldn’t even find a street sign to know       I was. Then I heard a voice coming out of the fog. “I suppose you are lost. Can I help you?” I could hardly see the young woman       had spoken to me, but was glad to find someone in the fog. I explained       I wanted to go, and she said she knew exactly how to get there. I was puzzled for a moment, then I followed her through the dark streets.

The city seemed as quiet as a cemetery and I remembered thinking the woman could be leading me to a lonely place       she and her friends would rob me. But nothing happened. The woman led me right to the place       I wanted to go.

I was greatly surprised at how well she had found her way through the fog.

“I know this part of town quite well,” she said.

“But the fog- this terrible fog – made it impossible to see anything,” I said.

“It makes no difference to me       it’s foggy or clear. You see, I’m blind,” she said.

Fog n.雾  foggy adj.多雾的；模糊的  horn n.喇叭  traffic n.交通，街道  taxi n.出租汽车

Ⅶ. Read the play and act it out:

Who Has Disappeared?

Mum: Have you seen the dog, Peter?

Peter: No, Mum, I’ve been upstairs all evening.

Mum: Have you seen him, Joe?

Joe: No, Mum.

Mum: Have you, Alice?

Alice: No, Mum. I’ve shouted for him and I’ve tried all the neighbours. None of them have seen him.

Mum: Oh well, dear, you’ve done everything. Ah! Your father has just come in. Perhaps he has seen Bob.

Alice: Dad, have you found Bob?

Dad: No. Why? Has he disappeared?

Joe: Yes, we haven’t seen him for three hours.

Peter: We must search all the streets, Dad.

Joe: Take the car, Dad.

Alice: Please, Dad. Perhaps he has …

Dad: All right, all right! Just a minute! Let me get the car out first. (One minute later)

Dad: Joan, we’ve found Bob! He’s been in the garage all evening. Silly old dog. And he hasn’t barked once!

Mum: Oh good. But where has Peter gone?

Joe: He’s gone out on his bike.

Mum: What! At this time of night? He might get lost or have an accident.

Dad: Don’t be silly, Joan. Of course he won’t.

Mum: Well, do something! Don’t just stand there. Telephone the police. Ask the neighbours. Oh, dear! (One minute later)

Peter: No luck, Mum.

Mum: Peter! Where have you been? We’ve been looking for you everywhere.

Peter: Well, I’ve been searching for Bob. But I haven’t found him.

Mum: Well, your father has found him in the garage.

Peter: Oh good. But where’s Dad?

Mum: Where has …? Oh no! Now Dad has disappeared.

Garage n. 汽车间（或库） bark vi.（狗、狐等）吠，叫 accident n.意外的事，事故 no luck= have no luck运气不佳

 

LESSON THIRTEEN

MADAME CURIE AND RADIUM

 

Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.

A certain scientist had discovered that a metal called uranium gave off a kind of radiation, which Marie Curie was later to call radioactivity. But where did this radiation come from, and what was it like? This was what she set out to discover. She did experiment after experiment. There was failure, a little success, a little more failure, a little more success. All seemed to prove that in the mineral which she was examining there was some source of radiation which man knew nothing about.

Four years before this, Marie had expressed her thoughts in words much like this: “Life is not easy for any of us. We must work, and above all we must believe in ourselves. We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well, and that, when we discover what this something is, we must work until we succeed.” This something in Madame Curie’s own life was to lead science down a new path to a great discovery.

At this time her husband left his own laboratory work, in which he had been very successful, and joined her in her search for this unknown radiation. In 1898 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiation. To this something, still unseen, they gave the name radium. All this was very interesting, but it was against the beliefs of some of the scientists of that day. These scientists were very polite to the two Curies, but did not believe them. The common feeling among them was: “Show us some radium, and we will believe you.”

There was an old building at the back of the university where Pierre Curie had been working. Its walls and roof were made of wood and glass. It was furnished with some old tables, a blackboard, and an old stove. It was not much better than a shed, and no one else seemed to want it. The Curies moved in and set up their laboratory and workshops. Here for four very difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare, weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking. They believed that radium was hidden somewhere in the mass of mineral dirt which was sent to them from far away. But where?

The shed was hot in summer and cold in winter, and when it rained, water dripped from the ceiling. But in spite of all the discomforts, the Curies worked on. For them these were the four happiest years of their lives.

Then, one evening in 1902, as husband and wife sat together in their home, Marie Curie said: “Let’s go down there for a moment.” It was nine o’clock and they had been “down there” only two hours before. But they put on their coats and were soon walking along the street to the shed. Pierre turned the key in the lock and opened the door. “Don’t light the lamps,” said Marie, and they stood there in the darkness. “Look! ... Look!”

And there, glowing with a faint blue light in the glass test-tubes on the tables, was the mysterious something which they had worked so hard to find: Radium.

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

Madame n.（用在非英语民族的已婚妇女姓名前）夫人

Curie 居里（姓）

Radium n.镭

Discoverer n.发现者

Element n.元素；要素；成分

Discover vt. 发现，看出；暴露；显示 vi.有所发现

Metal n.金属

Uranium n.铀

Radiation n.辐射；射线

Marie玛丽（女名）

Radioactivity n.放射性；放射（现象）

Set out 开始；着手

Failure n.失败

Mineral n.矿物；矿石

Source n.来源；根源

Word n.话；言词；单词

Above all首先；首要；最重要的是

Believe in相信；信任

Succeed vt. & vi. 成功；继续

Path n.道路；路程；小道

Successful adj.成功的；有成就的

Unseen adj. 未看见的；未被发现的，看不见的

Belief n.相信；信念；信仰

Pierre皮埃尔（人名）

Furnish vt. 装备；（用家具等）布置

Stove n. 火炉

Shed n. 棚；小屋

Move in 迁入

Spare vt. 节省；抽出（时间）

Boil vi. & vt. (使水或其他液体)沸腾，（水）开

Calculate vt. & vi. 计算

Mass n. （聚成一体的）团，块

Drip vt. & vi. 漏下；（使）滴下

Ceiling n. 天花板；顶篷

In spite of 不管；不顾

Discomfort  n. 不舒适；不安 vt.使不舒适；使不安

Glow vi.灼热；发光

Faint adj.暗淡的；微弱的

Test-tube n.试管

Mysterious adj.神秘的

NOTES TO THE TEXT

1.       Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.居里夫人这位镭元素的发现者，将永远为人们所怀念。

2.       A certain scientist had discovered that a metal called uranium gave off a kind of radiation, which Marie Curie was later to call radioactivity. 有一位科学家曾经发现，一种叫铀的金属放出一种辐射，后来玛丽.居里把这种现象称为放射性。
call uranium是过去分词短语作定语，修饰metal，相当于which was called uranium。
句中which指that引导的从句。

3.       All seemed to prove that in the mineral which she was examining there was some source of radiation which man knew nothing about. 这一切似乎证明了，在她正在检验的矿物里，存在着人类对其情况还一无所知的某种辐射源。

4.       We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well, and that, when we discover what this something is, we must work until we succeed. 我们应当相信我们每一个人都能做成一些事，而当我们发现这事是什么的时候，我们就要坚持干下去，直到成功。

5.       This something in Madame Curie’s own life was to lead science down a new path to a great discovery. 居里夫人自己一生中所做的这些事，将把科学引到一个通向伟大发现的新途径。

6.       Here for four very difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare, weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking. 就在这里，他们非常艰难地工作了四年，把他们能抽出的每一分钟时间都用上了，称呀，煮呀，量呀，计算呀，思考呀。
every moment …用作状语，表示时间；weighing and boiling …也用作状语，表示方式，都是修饰worked的。此处and … and … and … and …的多次重复是一种修词手段，表示没完没了，天天这样做。

7.       Then, one evening in 1902, as husband and wife sat together in their home, … 后来，1902年的一个晚上，夫妻俩在家里坐在一起的时候，……
注意husband and wife前没有冠词。当两个或两个以上的名词用and连接时，如果带有对比的含义或习惯上总是在一起使用，常省去冠词。如：
Father and son attended the meeting together.父子俩一起出席了会议。
The two were like teacher and student, though they were the same age.两人虽然年龄相同，却象师生一样。

8.       And there, glowing with a faint blue light in the glass test-tubes on the tables, was the mysterious something which they had worked so hard to find: Radium. 在那儿，在桌上的玻璃试管里，正闪烁着微弱的蓝光，这就是它们付出了极其艰辛的劳动要寻找的那种神秘的东西：镭。
这是一个倒装句。在mysterious something是主语，副词there是状语，修饰由后面的助动词was和glowing构成谓语。Radium是something的同位语。

EXERCISES

Ⅰ. Pick out the correct statement from each group and underline it, then ask questions on it:

Model:
1) Madame Curie was born in a small town in France and had her higher education in Paris.
2) Madame Curie grew up in Germany and received her higher education in Berlin.
3) Madame Curie was born in a teacher’s family in Poland（波兰）in 1867. At the age of 24, she entered the University of Paris.
Questions: In what kind of family was Madame Curie born?
         Where did she get her higher education?

1.       1) Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element uranium.
2) Madame Curie will always be remembered for her discovery of the element radium.
3) Madame Curie became world famous for her discovery of radiation.

2.       1) Pierre Curie left his own laboratory work because he had not been very successful in it.
2) Pierre Curie left his own laboratory work and joined his wife in the search for the unknown source of radiation because he thought it very important.
3) Pierre Curie thought that it was not worth going on with his own laboratory work, so he stopped to join in his wife’s research work.

3.       1) The Curies announced in 1898 that they believed there was in nature another element which gave out radiation and that they would try to find out what it was.
2) The Curies declared in 1898 that they had found out a new element which gave out radiation and they named it radium.
3) The Curies said in 1898 that they must believe in themselves and must work until they succeeded in finding the new element: polonium（钋）.

4.       1) The building in which the Curies worked was very old. It was unfurnished. There were holes in the roof and walls. It was in terrible condition.
2) The old building in which the Curies did their laboratory work was well furnished. It was rather satisfactory（令人满意的）.
3) The laboratory where the Curies worked was poorly furnished. It was not much better than a shed, hot in summer and cold in winter.

5.       1) The Curies spent the four happiest years in their lives working hard in the shed till one evening in 1902, when they succeeded in finding the mysterious something: radium.
2) The Curies had worked hard for more than five years in the shed before they discovered radium in 1902.
3) The Curies started their search for the unknown radioactive element in 1899 and worked on for three years in the shed. In 1902 they found what they wanted: radium.

Ⅱ. For each word or phrase in Column B find a word or a phrase of similar meaning in Column A:

A            B

1.discover        a way
2.path           find out by working with numbers
3.drip           find out
4.faint           give out heat and light
5.believe in       have faith or trust
6.above all       most important of all
7.glow           weak
8.calculate        fall in drops

Ⅲ. Translate the last two paragraphs of the text into Chinese.

Ⅳ. Put the following sentences into Chinese, paying special attention to the italicized words:

1.       Those who are against the plan please raise your hands.

2.       He stood leaning against the door.

3.       I raised the boy’s head against my knee.

4.       They often support one player or team against another.

5.       They were running against the wind.

6.       Tom took the job against his will.

Ⅴ. Translate the sentences in Column Ⅰ into Chinese and those in Column Ⅱ into English:

Ⅰ                                                 Ⅱ

1.       This was what she set out to discover.                  1. 这年冬天我们着手写一部党史。

2.       A great number of factories have been set up in Beijing.    2. 北京火车站是一九五九年建成的。

3.       A group of travelers set off on a trip to Italy.             3. 他们出发去寻找那丢失的孩子。

4.       Gulliver did not harm the little me. Instead, he set them free. 4. 敌人一直等到他年老多病才将他释放。

Ⅵ. Analyse the following sentences:

1.       This something in Madame Curie’s own life was to lead science down a new path to a great discovery.

2.       We must work, and above all we must believe in ourselves.

3.       The shed was hot in summer and cold in winter, and when it rained, water dripped from the ceiling.

4.       A certain scientist had discovered that a metal called uranium gave off a kind of radiation, which Marie Curie was later to call radioactivity.

5.       All seemed to prove that in the mineral which she was examining there was some source of radiation which man knew nothing about.

6.       We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well, and that, when we discover what this something is, we must work until we succeed.

Ⅶ. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in brackets in proper tenses:

Seventeen Camels

Once upon a time there      (be) an old man who        (have) three sons. Calling them together, he      (say), “Sons, my end       (be) near. To my oldest son I       (give) half my camels, to my second on-third, and to my youngest one-ninth.” The next day he       (die).

Now, the old man       (have) seventeen camels, and the three brothers       (be puzzled) to know how to share them as their father    (say). They    (think) a long time about the problem and it      (seem) that they must either       (kill) some of the camels and       (cut) them into pieces, or       (disobey不服从) their father. At last they       (go) to an old friend of their father’s and       (ask) his advice. As soon as he        (hear) their story he       (say), “I       (help) you. I       (be) old. I       (have) only one camel, but      （take）it. It        (be) yours.”

With many thanks the three sons       (take) the old man’s camel, finding that it        (be) now easy to divide the camels as their father       (wish). The oldest        (take) half, which       (be) nine camels; the second        (take) one-third, which       (be) six; and the youngest       (take) one-ninth, which       (be) two.

Only when each       (receive) his share of camels did they       (discover) that there       (be) one camel to spare. So, out of gratitude to their father’s friend, they       (return) the camel.