LESSON SIX

ALBERT EINSTEIN

 

Although Princeton, New Jersey, has a world-famous university, it is still a small quiet town. It is not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. That is why one woman will never forget the day in 1940 when, as a child, she suddenly saw a funny-looking man coming toward her. “I remember,” she tells her children now, “how wild his white hair looked – as if it had been electrified. He was short. His clothes seemed to be just pulled on to keep him covered, like a blanket to keep one warm. He had a big nose, a short, thick moustache, and deep-set eyes. He was staring, thinking. He almost knocked me down before he saw me. He gave me a friendly smile, then he walked on and went on thinking. I noticed he had on bedroom slippers. He had forgotten to put on his shoes. He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales and had passed me like a spirit. That night at dinner when I told my family about the strange, funny man I had seen, my father put down hin knife and fork, looked at me and said, “My child, remember this, today you saw the greatest man in the world.!”

That man was Albert Einstein. How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.

Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. When he was a boy, he liked to ask questions. By the time he was fourteen years old, he had learned advanced mathematics all by himself. By then he knew what he wanted to be when he grew up. He wanted to be a physicist and devote himself to abstract research.

The Einstein, however, could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed. But the family did manage to send him to a technical school and later to the Federal Institute of Technology in Switzerland. After graduation, he went to work, first as a teacher, then in a government office. With the pay that he received and saved, he was later able to go on with his education at the University of Zurich, where he received a doctor’s degree in 1905. This was the period when he first began the research and studies which led to his famous Theory of Relativity.

His theory was so advanced that few people could understand it at that time and even fewer would accept it. Many scientists laughed at it. But Einstein stuck to his theory and went on with his research.

(To be continued)

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

Albert Einstein阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦（1879-1955，生于德国的美籍物理学家，为相对论的提出者）

Princeton n.普林斯顿（美国城市名）

New Jersey n.新泽西（美国州名）

World-famous adj.世界闻名的

Character n.特性，特征；（人的）性格，品质；（小说、戏剧等）人物，角色

Funny adj.滑稽可笑的；古怪的

Funny-looking adj.样子好笑的；样子古怪的

Electrify vt.使触电；使充电；便电气化

Pull on穿，戴（袜子、手套等）

Blanket n.羊毛毯；毯子

Moustache n.（嘴唇上面的）胡子

Deep-set adj.（眼睛等）深陷的

Have on穿着；戴着

Bedroom n.卧室

Slipper n.（常用复数）拖鞋；便鞋

Fairy tales神话故事，童话

Fork n.叉；餐叉

Success n.成就；成功

Sadness n.悲伤；悲惨

Ulm n.乌尔姆（德国地名）

By the time …到……的时候

Advanced adj.先进的；高级的

Mathematics n.（通常作单数用）数学

By then到那时候

Physicist n.物理学家

Devote vt.专心；献身 devote oneself to献身于；致力于；专心于

Abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的

Technical adj.技术的；技能的；工艺的

Federal adj.联盟的；联邦的；联合的

Institute n.学会；协会；学院；（研究）所，院

Technology n.工艺学；技术

The Federal Institute of Technology 联邦工学院

Graduation n.毕业

Zurich n.苏黎世（瑞士城市名）

Doctor n.博士（略作D. 或Dr.）

Degree n. 度数；学位；程度

Lead to导致；导向；影响

Relativity n.相互依存；相对性

Theory of Relativity相对论

Stick to坚持；粘住

NOTES TO THE TEXT

1.       … how wild his white hair looked – as if it had been electrified. ……他满头白发，十分凌乱-好象带了电似的。
as if引导的从句中的谓语动词一般要虚拟语气，表示假设的情况。如：
They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们谈起话来象多年的老朋友似的。

2.       He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好象刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，象幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。

3.       The Einsteins, however, could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed.年轻的阿尔伯特需要接受高等教育，然而爱因斯坦夫妇付不起学费。

4.       But the family did manage to send him to a technology school … 不过家里的人还是设法送他进了一所技术学校……
句中助动词did用来加强动词manage的语气，要重读。如：‘Do be careful. 一定要细心（小心）！
I ’do believe you.我真的相信你。
He ‘did tell me that he would come.他真的告诉过我他要来的。

EXERCISES

Ⅰ. Answer the following questions:

1.       What do you know about Princeton, New Jersey?
1) Is it a big noisy city?
2) What is it famous for?

2.       What did Albert Einstein look like according to the story as he walked on the street one day in 1940?
1) Tell about his eyes, nose, moustache and hair.
2) Was he tall or short?
3) Did his clothes fit him well?
4) What did he have on his feet?
5) What was he doing while he was walking?

3.       Say something about Einstein’s childhood.
1) When and where was Einstein born?
2) What kind of boy was he in his childhood?
3) When did he learn advanced mathematics? How did he learn it?
4) When did he know what he wanted to be when he grew up?

4.       Tell how Einstein got a good education in science.
1) Could his parents pay for the advanced education he needed?
2) What kind of school did his parents manage to send him to?
3) How was he able to go on with his university education in Zurich?
4) What kind of degree did he receive in 1905?

5.       When did he begin the research and studies which led to his famous Theory of Relativity?

6.       Was his Theory of Relativity accepted by many people at that time? Why not?

7.       Did he give up his theory and stop his research work?

Ⅱ. For each word or phrase in Column B find a word or phrase of similar meaning in Column A:

A                B

1.       Devote              have as a result; influence

2.       World-famous        be wearing

3.       Funny               continue at; keep to

4.       Advanced            by that time

5.       Tale                 story; report; account

6.       By then             known widely all over the world

7.       Abstract              give one’s time, energy or life

8.       Lead to              causing people to laugh

9.       Stick to              separated from what is real

10.   Have on             clothe with

11.   Put on               far on in life or in progress

Ⅲ. Use words or phrase from the text to complete the following passage:

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm,      in       . When he was a boy, he like to      . He had taught himself advanced mathematics       he was      years old. He wanted       a physicist and      himself to abstract research when he     . Although his parents could not      for his advanced education, they did    to the Federal Institute of Technology in       . After graduation, he got some work and with the pay he was able       with his education at Zurich. There he       a doctor’s degree in 1905. During this period he began his research and studies which       his famous Theory of      .

Though at that time few people could       his theory and even many scientists       it, he still      it and went on with his      .

Ⅳ. Put the following into Chinese, paying attention to the italicized words:

1.       Don’t walk so fast. I can’t keep up with you.

2.       The teacher kept on asking the students questions until the bell rang.

3.       You had better put a cover on the food in order to keep out the flies（苍蝇）.

4.       I’m so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open.

5.       If the book is such a great help to you, you may keep it.

6.       Failure（失败）is the mother of success. Keep up your courage.

7.       – How long may I keep this book?
-- You may (can) keep it for two weeks.

8.       The air in loose snow helps to keep the cold out.

9.       Keep quiet, please. The speaker is coming.

10.   She was so excited that she could not keep back her tears.

Ⅴ. Fill in the blanks with the phrases given below in their proper forms:

Stick to  devote oneself to  refer to  turn to  send … to  write to  lead to  pay attention to  get to  come to  give lessons to  listen to

1.       She      the study of the problems of old age since she graduated from the college in 1964.

2.       He kept on trying and his hard work       success in the end.

3.       If you       the use of English idioms（英语习语），you will surely be able to master them.

4.       The famous writher explained to us why he      China two years ago.

5.       Have you       your mother recently?

6.       It was already midnight when I       London.

7.       Did you       the report given by the young astronaut?

8.       “It” is often used in      a baby.

9.       Would you like       our children in your spare time?

10.   The professor asked us whether we could       our plans.

11.   Her parents managed to       her       school though they were poor at that time.

12.   Please       page ten and read the part on computers in everyday life.

Ⅵ. Fill in each blank with a proper word from those given in brackets:

1.       I was so      in this book that I just couldn’t put it down. Have you read it? How did you find it? Did you think it     ? (interesting, interested)

2.       We were all   out when we got to the top of the hill. We never thought the climb was so   .(tiring, tired)

3.       What      news! Everybody was      at the result of the experiment. (disappointing, disappointed)

4.       His kind words were very     . Though we had lost the match, we were     and were determined（决心） to train（训练）harder. (encouraging, encouraged)

5.       These colours are very       to the eye.
The boy was very       with his birthday gifts. (pleasing, pleased)

6.       The old woman was      when she tried cooking with electricity（电）
The picture was so      that all the children cried out in fear when they saw it. (frightening, frightened)

7.       I was       when I heard my brother’s voice outside the window. I thought he was still away in Shanghai. It was     , wasn’t it? (surprising, surprised)

Ⅶ. Read the following passage and answer the questions:

Help!

Once a man was staying at a hotel. One morning, as the man was walking past a room on the first floor, he suddenly heard a woman’s voice.

“Help!” the woman shouted.

Then he heard a young man’s voice.

“Don’t move or I’ll shoot you!” the man shouted angrily.

“Please don’t shoot me,” the woman cried.

The young man laughed. And then the man heard a shot! The man hurried to the door and knocked at it loudly.

“Come in, please,” the woman said softly.

The man rushed into the room and asked: “What’s the matter? Can I help you?”

“Who are you?” the woman asked angrily.

“I heard a shot,” said the man and asked, “Are you all right?”

The woman laughed and said, “Of course I’m all right.” Then she turned to the young man.

“Put the gun in your pocket,” she said.

“What’s happening?” the man asked.

“We’re not quarrelling,” the young man said. “We’re actors. We’re learning our parts.”

1.       Where was the man staying?

2.       What did the man hear one morning as he was walking past a room?

3.       Was the man on the first floor or the second floor?

4.       Was it a woman who called for help, or was it a young man?

5.       What else did the man hear? He knocked at the door, didn’t he?

6.       Why did he go into the room?

7.       Was the woman alive or dead?

Were the young man and the woman quarrelling? What were they doing then?

LESSON SEVEN

ALBERT EINSTEIN

(Continued)

As time went on, Einstein’s theory proved to be correct and by 1914 he had become famous all over the world. His work was stopped, however, by the First World War. The war and the suffering that it caused affected him greatly. He lost interest in much of his research. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. During the postwar years in Germany, many honors were given to Einstein. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. In 1929 a great celebration was held on his fiftieth birthday in Berlin. Being a shy man, Einstein did not attend, but he received several baskets full of cards, letters and telegrams of congratulation. The gifts to him would have filled a railway car.

When Hitler came into power in Germany, Einstein, who was a Jew, found the doors of study closed to him. Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship. He became a man without a country.

Fleeing Germany, Einstein went first to France, then to Belgium, and then to Britain. There he received a letter inviting him to go to the United States to teach at a well-known research institute at Princeton. He accepted, but asked for a very small salary. Einstein cared little for money, though he could have been very rich. He once refused to speak on the radio for ＄1,000 a minute. Another time he was seen using a check for ＄1,500 as a bookmark. Then he lost the book!

In 1940 Einstein became an American citizen. He lived the rest of his life in the United States. Besides his work in physics, he spent much time working for human rights and progress.

Like many scientists, Einstein lived music, he played the violin fairly well. In Princeton he lived quietly, working at the institute and enjoying himself by playing his violin in his simple home. Often there were visitors like the twelve-year-old girl who, for a time, formed the habit of visiting him on her way home from school. After some time, the puzzled mother of the girl met Dr. Einstein and asked him what he and her daughter talked about. The doctor smiled and explained: “Oh, she brings me cookies, and I do her arithmetic homework for her.”

Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

Affect vt.影响；感动

Postwar adj.战后的

Hono(u)r n.荣誉；尊敬；敬意

Nobel诺贝尔（姓）

Prize n.奖品；奖金 Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖金

Berlin n.柏林

Celebration n.庆祝；庆祝会

Fiftieth num.第五十（个）

Telegram n.电报

Gift n.赠品；礼物；天资

Hitler希特勒（Adolf, 1889-1945,德国纳粹头子）

Power n.权，政权；权力；势力 come into power当权；上台

Jew n.犹太人

Citizenship n.公民权；公民身份；国籍

Flee (fled, fled) vi.逃走；消散 vt. 避开；逃避

Britain n. 英国，不列颠（英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的总称）

Well-known adj.出名的，众所周知的

Salary n.薪水

Dollar n. 元（美国、加拿大等国的货币单位，符号为$）

Check n.支票

Bookmark n.书签

Beside prep. 除……之外

Right n.权利

Habit n.习惯；习性

Puzzle vt.使迷惑；使为难

Cookie n.小甜饼

Arithmetic n.算术

Achievement n.功绩；成就

NOTES TO THE TEXT

1.       Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.直到1918年战争结束后，他才可能愉快地重新投身于研究工作。
句中副词only修饰以when引导的状语从句，用来加强语气。当only放在句首时，常用倒装语序。如：
Only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army. 你只有满了十八岁后，才可以参军。

2.       The gifts to him would have filled a railway car.送给他的礼物会装满一节（火车）车皮。
此句用的是虚拟语气，表示一种假设。

3.       Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship. 不仅他所有的一切都被没收或撤消了，而且连他的德国公民权（国籍）也被剥夺了。
用not only … but also连接句子时，如果not only位于句首，就要用倒装语序。
句中that he had是定语从句，修饰everything; was taken是主句的谓语动词。正常语序应为：
Everything he had was taken away from him.

4.       Einstein cared little for money, though he could have been very rich. 尽管爱因斯坦本可以成为非常富有的人，但是他对金钱却不感兴趣。
此句用的是虚拟语气，表示一种假设。如：If he (had) cared for money, he could have been very rich.
要是他爱财（钱）的话，他本可以成为非常富有的人。

5.       Another time he was seen using a check for $1,500 as a bookmark. 另一次，有人看见他把一张一千五百美元的支票当作书签用。
    $1,500读作one thousand five hundred dollars, 也可读作fifteen hundred dollars。
    现在分词短语using a check … 是主语补足语。如果将此句改成主动语态，则成为Another time people saw him using a check …，则using a check …是宾语补足语。

6.       Often there were visitors like the twelve-year-old girl who, for a time, formed the habit of visiting him on her way home from school.在来访的客人中，常有象那个十二岁的小姑娘那样的客人。有一段时间，这个小姑娘养成了一个习惯：从学校回家的途中，总要去看看爱因斯坦。
    often放在句首表示强调。
    like the twelve-year-old girl是介词短语作定语，修饰visitors。
    for a time意思是for a period of time（一段时间），在句中作状语，修饰formed。

7.       Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. 阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦就是这样一个人，一个纯朴而又取得巨大成就的人。
such是代词，在句中作主语。如：
Such were her words.这些就是她所说的话。
Such was the story he told me.他给我讲的那个故事就是这样的。
a simple man of great achievements为Albert Einstein的同位语。

GRAMMAR

虚拟语气

The Subjunctive Mood

英语动词一般可带有三种不同的语气（mood）：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词不同的形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。

一、陈述语气（The Indicative Mood）用来陈述事实，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。如：
My father and I drove over to the village to see Uncle Wu.
People don’t hibernate.
What a strange-looking person (he is)!
Are you joking?

二、祈使语气（The Imperative Mood）用来表示请求、命令或劝告等。如：
Sit down, please.
Don’t say it in Chinese. Say it in English, please.
Let me have a try.
Let him go.

三、虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood）表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。

Ⅰ. 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法

1.       表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

条件从句	主   句
动词过去式（be的过去式一般用were）	Would (should, could, might) + 动词原形

1）If I were you, I shouldn’t do that.
2) We would go with you if we had time.
3) We could ask him if he were here.
4) If I knew his telephone number, I would ring him up.

2.       表示与过去事实相反谓语动词的主要形式如下：

条件从句	主   句
Had+过去分词	Would (should, could, might)+have +过去分词

1)      If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

2)      If you had come earlier, you would (might) have met him.

3)      I should (或would) have called you if I had known your telephone number.

3.       表示与将来事实可能相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

条件从句	主   句
动词过去式 或should + 动词原形 或were to + 动词原形	Would (should, could, might)+动词原形

1)      If it should ran, the crops would be saved.

2)      If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.

Ⅱ. 虚拟语气的一些其它用法

1.       在动词wish, suggest, demand, insist和order等后面的宾语从句中，一般用虚拟语气（在用should+动词原形时，should常可省略，而只用动词原形）如：

1) I wish I knew the answer. (But I didn’t know the answer.)
2) I wish I had known the answer. (But didn’t)

3) I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.
4) He ordered that all (should) take part in the work.
5) They insisted that we(should) begin the work at once.

2.        在由as if, so that, in order that等引导的状语从句中，也往往用虚拟语气。如：

1) She loves the child as if he were her own.
2) Holding his head high, he walked past the pole and the soldiers as if they didn’t exist.
3) The teacher spoke slowly so that the students could (might) hear him clearly.
4) The emperor gave the cheats some gold in order that they might begin their work at once.

EXERCISES

Ⅰ. Answer the following questions:

1.       Say something about Albert Einstein’s work before and after the First World War.
1) Einstein’s theory proved to be correct as time went on, didn’t it?
2) By what year had he become famous all over the world?
3) Did he go on with his work during the First World War? Why not?
4) When was he able to get back to work?
5) What prize did he win in 1921?
6) What was held in Berlin on Einstein’s fiftieth birthday in 1929?
7) Why didn’t Einstein attend the celebration?

2.       Tell what happened to Einstein when Hitler came into power in Germany:
1) Why did he find the doors of study closed to him?
2) What happened to everything he had and to his German citizenship?
3) What was he obliged to do then?
4) Where did he go first? And after that?

3.       What did he receive when he was in Britain? Did he accept it?

4.       Why did he ask for a very small salary when he accepted the invitation（邀请）to teach at an institute in the United States?

5.       Give Some examples to show that Einstein cared little for money.

6.       When did he become an American citizen?

7.       Say something about Einstein’s old age.
1) Where did he spend the rest of his life?
2) What else did he do besides his work physics?
3) What kind of life did he live?
4) Like many scientists, what did he love?
5) Did he enjoy himself in his simple home? What did he usually do there?
6) Did he have any visitors? Who often visited him?

8.       What kind of person was Einstein?

Ⅱ. Give a word of phrase, beginning with the letter(s) given, which has the same meaning as those brackets:

h        (high respect)

g        (present; something given)

f        (run or hurry away)

ci       (member of a country who full rights)

c        (small, thin, sweet cake)

p        (after the war)

s        (pain of body or mind)

af       (have an effect on)

ach      (something achieved; something done successfully)

Ⅲ. Choose the correct order of these sentences to form a passage according to the text:

1.       The First World War broke out in 1914 and Einstein could not go on with his research until the war was over in 1918.

2.       But as time went on, his theory proved to be correct and by 1914 he had become famous all over the world.

3.       During the postwar years in Germany, many honors were given to him and in 1921, he won the Nobel Prize for Physics.

4.       Einstein’s theory was so advanced that few people could understand it at first, and many scientists laughed at it.

5.       He went to the United States to teach at a well-known research institute at Princeton.

6.       Besides his work in physics, he spent much time working for human rights and progress.

7.       He was a scientist of great achievements and yet a very simple man.

8.       He cared little for money and led quite a simple life.

9.       When Hitler came into power in Germany, Einstein, being a Jew, had to flee Germany. He went first to France, then to Belgium, and then to Britain. Finally he became an American citizen in 1940 and lived the rest of his life in Untied States.

A.     1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.

B.      2., 4., 6., 8., 1., 3., 5., 7., 9.,

C.      4., 2., 1., 3., 9., 5., 6., 8., 7.,

D.     2., 1., 4., 3., 6., 5., 7., 9., 8.,

Ⅳ. Learn the following:

A.     Fellow    fellowship    （伙伴关系）
professor  professorship  （教授职位或身份）
citizen     citizenship   （公民权或身份；国籍）
friend     friendship    （友谊）
comrade   comradeship  （同志关系，同志情谊）
leader     leadership    （领导）
member   membership   （成员资格）
horseman  horsemanship  （骑马术）

B.      Interest     interested   interesting
frighten     frightened  frightening
excite      excited     exciting
surprise    surprised    surprising
encourage  encouraged   encouraging
please      pleased      pleasing
disappoint  disappointed  disappointing
tire        tired        tiring

Ⅴ. Put the sentences in Column I into Chinese and those in Column II into English:

Ⅰ                                           Ⅱ

1.       Professor Wang received a letter from London     1. 昨天李叔叔收到一封美国来的电报，邀请他到
inviting him to attend a meeting last month,         一所大学讲学一年，他接受了邀请。
and he accepted.

2.       Mr. Hu received a telegram of congratulation and   2. 那位科学家收到很多贺信、贺电和书籍。他接
a lot of gifts. He accepted them, but kept only         受了但只留下一小部分书，而把绝大部分的书
a few of the gifts and gave the rest to the country.      都交给了图书馆

3.       Yesterday Li Ying received a letter and an English-  3. 上周于明收到了一位教授从英国寄来的一套科
English dictionary from a student in Australia.        学书籍。于明接受了这些礼物，并在给教授的
In the letter he said, “Will you accept this little        回信中说他将来也想当个科学家。
present from me? I hope you will like it.”

Ⅵ. Fill in the blanks with verbs in their proper mood:

1.       The boy isn’t hungry. If he       (be) hungry, he       (eat) the cake.

2.       He’s been away since last Sunday. If he       (be) here yesterday, he       (attend) the concert.

3.       I couldn’t keep awake（醒着的）after twelve. I       (work) all night, I       (finish) it in time.

4.       We didn’t know her address. If we       (know) it, we       (send) a note to her.

5.       You’re late. If you       (come) a few minutes earlier, you       (meet) the famous woman scientist.

6.       He was careless. If he       (put) the gold watch in a safe place, he       (not lose) it.

7.       He isn’t here. If he       (be) here, he        (help) his sister learn to use the abacus.

8.       She       (be) busy now. If she       (be)free, she  (go) with you.

9.       The manager     (be) in his office now. If he      (be) here, everything     (be) settled in a minute.

10.   If I      (be) you, I      (not be) discouraged at all.

Ⅶ. Read the following passage and then answer the questions:

Fast-food Restaurants

Everybody knows that a favorite food of the Americans is the hamburger.

The favorite place to buy a hamburger is a fast-food restaurant. In these restaurants, people order their food, wait just a few minutes, then when the food is ready they carry it to their tables themselves. They can either eat it in the restaurant or take the food out in a plastic box and eat it at home, at work, or in a park. At some restaurants people can drive up beside a window. They order the food, and a worker hands it to them through the window. Then they drive off and eat in their cars or wherever they like.

Hamburger are not the only kind of food that fast-food restaurants serve. Some serve fish, or chicken, or sandwiches, and also soft drinks, coffee, and so on.

Fast-food restaurants are very popular because the service is fast and the food is not too expensive. For many people, this is very important. In the United States, about 50 percent (50%) of all married women with children work outside the home. They are often too busy or too tired to cook dinner for the family at night, and fast-food restaurants are a great help to them.

Now there are fast-food restaurants in countries all over the world.

Favorite adj.最喜爱的（人或物） hamburger n.汉堡包；夹牛肉饼的面包片 sandwich n.三明治，夹陷面包
soft drinks软饮料，不含酒精的饮料（尤指果汁、汽水等） coffee n.咖啡 popular adj.流行的；受欢迎的，大众喜爱的 service n.服务

1.       What’s a hamburger?

2.       Where’s the favorite place to buy it?

3.       Do people have to wait long for their food in those restaurants?

4.       Can people eat their hamburgers only in the restaurant? Where else can they eat them?

5.       Are hamburgers the only kind of food the fast-food restaurants serve? What else do they serve?

6.       Why are fast-food restaurants popular in the United States? Are there any such restaurants in other countries?

Do you like fast-food service?