很久以来，医生们都建议家长们不要让６个月以内的孩子进食牛奶、海鲜、鸡蛋和坚果等可能招致过敏的食物（foods linked to allergies），以免诱发湿疹、哮喘等。可是，最近一组来自荷兰的研究却推翻了上述结论，即就大多数婴儿而言，进食牛奶、鸡蛋等可能招致过敏的食物是安全的。

该研究分别对近7000名婴儿进行了为期４年的追踪观察，结果未能发现在６个月内进食上述食品可以加重孩子们日后发生过敏反应或诱发哮喘等过敏性疾病。

鉴于上述研究的结果，加之目前美 国儿科医师协会仍建议不要给４～６月以内的婴儿进食牛奶、海鲜等，专家们建议：１）只要进食牛奶、海鲜等食品后没有哮喘等，家长们不必限制婴儿进食上述可能招致过敏的食品；２）如果进食后出现哮喘、湿疹等，则应避免给婴儿进食牛奶、海鲜或鸡蛋等，以免加重病情。

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No need to hold back on milk, nuts in babies

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Giving your baby cow's milk, nuts or other solid foods linked to allergies before six months does not appear to cause extra wheezing or eczema later on, according to a Dutch study.

For years, doctors have recommended that parents wait a few years before they give babies such foods, but newer research has failed to find evidence that doing so staves off allergies.

"There does not seem to be a need to avoid solid foods, or allergenic foods, in young children who are otherwise well," said Dr. Scott H. Sicherer, an expert in childhood allergies at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York.

"This is one of a number of studies that have been pretty much giving us the same message," added Sicherer, who was not involved in the new work.

In 2008, he helped write a report for the American Academy of Pediatrics that backtracked on the group's earlier recommendations to hold back on peanuts and other foods linked to asthma and other allergic diseases.

　　More than seven percent of adult Americans, and even more kids, have asthma, causing millions of visits to emergency rooms and doctors' offices every year.

　　The Dutch study, by Ilse Tromp of Erasmus University in Rotterdam and colleagues, tracked eczema and asthma symptoms among nearly 7,000 infants until the children were four years old.

At age two, 31 percent of the toddlers wheezed according to their parents, although this number dropped by half over the next year. Eczema was present in 38 percent of two-year-olds, falling to 18 percent at age four.

　　Initially, it appeared that kids whose parents had given them nuts before they were six months old had more wheezing. But after considering smoking among the mothers and other risk factors for asthma, there was no longer any sign that nuts were linked to allergic problems, the research team reported in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.

　　"If your child is doing OK, you don't have to worry about giving them milk or eggs or whatever when they are young," said Sicherer.

　　But if the child shows signs of an allergic reaction -- such as breaking out in hives, vomiting, or have trouble breathing -- parents should talk to a doctor, he added.

　　The American Academy of Pediatrics currently recommends that mothers breastfeed their babies until they are four to six months old.

　　If for some reason they can't breastfeed and their child is at high risk for developing allergies, the group says using so-called "hypoallergenic" infant formula might be appropriate, although they cost more than the standard product.

SOURCE: http://bit.ly/l69jl1 Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, online June 6, 2011.