当您咳嗽或打喷嚏时，将会排出许多含有细菌或病毒的飞沫至空气中，这也是为何感冒和流感等常经呼吸道传播的原因。您能够采取下列措施以阻止此类疾病的扩散或传播。

１、当您咳嗽或喷嚏时请用手或面巾纸遮挡您的口腔或鼻子；

２、经常清洗您的双手，特别是在准备食品或进餐前，及其上洗手间后，并应经常更换擦手布。

３、尽量不要用双手触摸眼、鼻或口腔等部位。

通常洗手是最有效的，同时也是最容易被忽略的阻止疾病传播的方式。一般而言，用流水＋肥皂洗手能够很好的清除致病菌，但每次至少应该清洗十五秒。另外，一次手巾或洗手液同样有效。

When you cough or sneeze, you send tiny germ-filled droplets into the air. Colds and flu usually spread that way. You can help stop the spread of germs by

• Covering your mouth and nose when you sneeze or cough
• Cleaning your hands often - always before you eat or prepare food, and after you use the bathroom or change a diaper
• Avoiding touching your eyes, nose or mouth

Hand washing is one of the most effective and most overlooked ways to stop disease. Soap and water work well to kill germs. Wash for at least 15 seconds. Disposable hand wipes or gel sanitizers also work well.

　　（来自：NIH～medline）