文化类

第一部分 五年高考题荟萃

Passage 1

(09·安徽B篇)

The year 2009 is the Year of Ox. The ox is a representative of the fanning culture of China. In the farming economy （经济）, oxen are the major animals pulling plows （犁）.

Of course, the good of oxen is not limited to plowing.  In fact, they are seen as "boats on land" for their ability to carry loads. Besides, the whole body of an ox is full of treasures. Their meat and milk are food full of nutrition, and their skin can be used to make clothes and shoes. With all these qualities, oxen are regarded as generous creatures.

In the past, oxen played an important role in the spiritual life of the Chinese. Even today, oxen still play a special part in some folk activities. For example, some people who1ive in southwest China will cook cattle bone soup and share it among family members when holding the ceremony for children who reach 13. They believe that the cattle bone soup represents the blood relationship among family members. In order to express their love for oxen, people in some other areas will run to shake off diseases on the 16th day of the first month by the lunar calendar （农历）, and during their run they will take their oxen along, which indicates they regard the creature as human.

Because of the contribution of oxen in their lives, the Chinese people are very grateful to the animal. In addition, the use of oxen in ceremonies and the thanks people owe to oxen help to develop various traditional customs, which becomes an important part of the folk culture of the Chinese nation.

60. The words "boats an land" underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to __

A. animals for taking goods                 B. creatures for pulling plows

C. treasures of the folk culture              D. tools in the farming economy

6l. From the third paragraph, we know that __

A. oxen are no more important today than in the past

B. ceremonies are held when people cook cattle bone soup

C. oxen are treated as human in some areas of China

D. people run with oxen to shake off diseases every month

62. Which of the following helps to develop traditional customs?

A. The special role of oxen in frowning.

B. People's respect and love for oxen.

C. The practical value of an ox's body.

D. The contribution of oxen to the economy.

63. Why does the author write the text?

A. To stress the importance of oxen in farming.

B. To introduce the Chinese folk culture.

C. To describe how to celebrate the Year of Ox.

D. To explain how to develop agriculture with oxen.

答案  60.A  61.C  62.B  63.B

Passage 2

(09·天津A篇)

Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.

Many roads and places in Singapore（新加坡） are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This is in keeping with traditions in many countries ---- in both the West and the East.

Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were originally from the places that the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named in former British bases. If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus ---- obviously named by some homesick Royal Air Force personnel.

Some places were named after the activities that used to go on at those places. Bras Basah Road is an interesting example, “Base Basah” means “wet rice” in Malay（马来语）. Now why would anyone want to name a road “Wet Rice Road”? The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.

A few roads in Singapore are named by their shapes. There is “Circular Road” for one. Other roads may have part of their names to describe their shapes, like “Paya Lebar Crescent”. This road is called a crescent（月牙） because it begins on the main road, makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again.

36. We learn from Paragraph 1 that _____.

A. the government is usually the first to name a place

B. many places tend to have more than one name

C. a ceremony will be held when a place is named

D. people prefer the place names given by the government

37. What does the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Change suddenly.

B. Change significantly.

C. Disappear mysteriously.

D. Disappear very slowly.

38. Which of the following places is named after a person?

A. Raffles Place.

B. Selector Airbase.

C. Piccadilly Circus.

D. Paya Lebar Crescent.

39. Bras Basah Road is named _______.

A. after a person

B. after a place

C. after an activity

D. by its shape

40. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Some place names in Singapore are the same as in Britain.

B. Some places in Singapore are named for military purposes.

C. The way Singaporeans name their places is unique.

D. Young Singaporeans have forgotten the pioneers.

答案  36.B  37.D  38.A  39.C  40.A

Passage 3

(09·天津B篇)

I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language—the way it can evoke（唤起） an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with.

Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. But feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions（认识）of the limited English speaker.

I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is ,because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.

I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal（内在的） language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure: I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show; her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.

41. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that ______.

A. she uses English in foreign trade

B. she is fascinated by languages

C. she works as a translator

D. she is a writer by profession

42. The author used to think of her mother’s English as ______.

A. impolite

B. amusing

C. imperfect

D. practical

43. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?

A. Americans do not understand broken English.

B. The author’s mother was not respected sometimes.

C. The author’ mother had positive influence on her.

D. Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts.

44. The author gradually realizes her mother’s English is _____.

A. well structured

B. in the old style

C. easy to translate

D. rich in meaning

45. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The changes of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English.

B. The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother.

C. The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English.

D. The author’s experiences of using broken English.

答案  41.D  42.C  43.B  44.D  45.A

Passage 4

(09·重庆D篇)

Liverpool, my hometown, is a unique city. It is so unique that in 2004 it became a World Heritage(遗产) Site.

　　I recently returned to my home city and my first stop was at a museum on the River Mersey. Blanketed in mist(薄雾), Victorian architecture rose from the banks of the river, responded to the sounds of sea-birds, and appeared unbelievably charming. When I headed toward the centre, I found myself surrounded by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe. It is not hard to imagine why, on first seeing the city, most visitors would be overpowered by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpool’s history.

　　As if to stress its cultural role, Liverpool has more museums and galleries(美术馆) than most cities in Britain. At Walker Art Gallery, I was told that it has the best collections of Victorian paintings in the world, and is the home of modern art in the north of England. However, culture is more than galleries. Liverpool offers many music events. As Britain’s No.1 music city, it has the biggest city music festival in Europe, and its musicians are famous all over the world. Liverpool is also well-known for its football and other sports events. Every year, the Mersey River Festival attracts thousands of visitors, making the city a place of wonder.

　　As you would expect from such a city, there are restaurants serving food from around the world. When my trip was about to complete, I chose to rest my legs in Liverpool’s famous Philharmonic pub(酒馆). It is a monument to perfection, and a heritage attraction itself.

　　Being a World Heritage Site, my home city is certainly a place of “outstanding universal value”. It is a treasure house with plenty of secrets for the world to explore.

　68. Visitors who see the city for the first time would be deeply impressed by________

　　A. its charming banks

　　B. its famous museums

　　C. its wonderful palaces

　　D. its attractive buildings

　69. The third paragraph is developed mainly by______

　　A. providing different examples

　　B. following the order of space

　　C. making comparisons

　　D. analyzing causes

　70. The author uses the Philharmonic pub to prove that_______

　　A. Liverpool is a well-known city for its restaurants

　　B. Liverpool is an impressive place full of attraction

　　C. a pub is a wonderful place for visitors to relax themselves

　　D. a pub is a perfect choice for visitors to complete their journey

　71. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. The universal value of the world heritage in Liverpool

　　B. The exciting experience of the author in Liverpool

　　C. The special cultural atmosphere of Liverpool

D. The beautiful historic sites of Liverpool

答案  68.D  69.A  70.B  71.C

Passage 5

(09·福建A篇)

Only three local students won Chinese Blog（博客） Competition. And 15 of the 18 awards want to students from China.  

170 students’ task: to get a fully-designed blog up and running, complete with many posting based on a theme of choice—all written in Chinese.  

Themes ranged from local opinions－such as the usage of Singlish, education and whether Singapore can be a cultural centre－to food blogs.  

The entries were judged on Language proficiency（ 熟练程度）and the quality of writing, as well as the design and level of exchanging ideas with readers.  

Academics from the National University of Singapore and the SIM University IT experts, and a journalist from Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao in Singapore made up the judges.  

In the end, only three Singaporean students made it to the award list—the rest of the awards were swept up by students from China.  

 “No surprise.” said Mr. Chow Yaw Long, 37 , teachers in charge from Ianova Junior Collage, which organized the event. “Although the topics were local subjects, the foreign students were generally better in terms of the content of the posts and their grasp of the Chinese language.”

One of the three local students winning the first prize in the Best Language Award was blogger Christina Gao 19, from the Saint Andrew’s Junior Collage, who spared no effort in researching for and writing her blog. Each entry took her between five and seven days to produce, complete with pictures and even podcasts （播客）

Her advice for bloggers is: Be responsible

 “Some bloggers out there only seek to blame the authorities and other bloggers.” Said Miss Gao. “I think they lack responsibilities and there is no value to their posts.”

56. The competition was organized by

A. the National University of Singapore           B. Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao

C. Innova Junior College                              D. the Saint Andrew’s Junior College

57. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Chinese students won most of the awards.  

B. Not all the themes were about local subjects

C. The blogs could be written in Chinese or Singlish.  

D. The judges were from university in Singapore and China.  

58. What Miss Gao said suggests that

A. she likes to blame the authorities                 B. she has a sense of responsibility

C. she thinks highly of the others’ blogs            D. she loves to read valuable posts

59. The passage in mainly about

A. how Chinese students won the awards in the competition

B. why bloggers should take responsibility for their blogs

C. how Miss Gao won the first prize in the competition

D. what the result of the competition was

答案  56.C  57.A  58.B  59.D

Passage 6

(09·江西D篇)

Many people to newspaper and magazines to express their opinions. Letters to the editor must carry the writer full name, address and telephone number, although the information is not necessary for publication. This requirement to provide personal particulars is a clear indication that writers are held responsible for what they say. When a writer wants his voice heard. He needs to claim ownership of his voice. Responsibility is the name of the game.

 “People today prefer living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because they refuse to accept responsibility for the relationship,” said social worker Ken Yip, “and this is what is causing a lot of family problems.” When we sign a paper, for example, a business contract or a bank document, the signature is symbol of consent, an agreement to take the matter seriously. Most governments and many organizations will not process writer’s complaints if they do not bear the writer’s signature. The absence of a signature, they explain, tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.

There are people who wish to remain anonymous（匿名的）for various reasons. Multi-billionaire Mr. King donates generously to charity several times a year. He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring, and he does not want his good deeds to make news. In other cases, people insist on anonymity because they are afraid of the consequences of revealing their identity. Crime witnesses may be willing to assist the police, but most are unwilling to give their names when reporting a crime.

Name or no name? The answer is very personal and lies in how much we want to get involved. We all have a name, it is a matter if responsibility to it when we make a statement, a claim or an accusation. We all want to honour our own name, and it is only by stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honour what we say.

68. What does the writer mean by saying “Responsibility is the name of the game”?

A. Writers need to provide their personal information in the game.

B. Publication must bear the writer’s full name, address and phone number.

C. Writers should be responsible for their names.

D. Names are required to indicate writers’ responsibility for what they say.

69. The second paragraph suggests that a paper without a signature may       .

A. help to end a relationship

B. not get a reply

C. be accepted all the same

D. become a family problem

70. Some people don’t want their names known because they are         .

A. hesitant to make a donation         B. unwilling to draw public attention

C. afraid of an accusation             D. ready for involvement

71. The passage is mainly about           .

A. honour and writers                  B. identity and signature

C. signature and responsibility        D. anonymity and signature

答案  68.D  69.B  70.B  71.C

Passage 7

(09·江西E篇)

New archaeological discovers suggest that trade between Europe and Asia along the Silk Road probably began in some form many countries earlier than once thought. The findings, coupled with a widening range of scientific and historical research could add a fascinating new page to the epic of the Silk Road.

The farest and most surprising discovery is pieces of silk found in the hair of and Egyptian mummy from about 1000 BC, long before regular traffic on the Silk Road and at least one thousand years before silk was previously thought to be used in Egypt. Other research may extend human activity along this route back even further, perhaps a million years to the migration of human ancestors into eastern Asia.

The official origin of East-West commerce along the road is usually placed in the late 2^nd century BC which was the agent of the Chinese Emperor Wu-di returned from a dangerous secret mission（使命）across the desert into the remote high country of Central Asia. The agent, Zhang Qian, travelled as far as Afghanistan back knowledge of even more distant lands such as Persia, Syria and a place known as Lijion,. Histerents have called this one of the most important journeys in ancient times. His journey opened the way for what have been thought to be the first indirect contacts between the ancient world’s two superpowers, China and Rome. Chinese silk, first traded to central Asian tribes for war horses and to the Parthians of old Pet la lu exchange for acrobats and ostrich eggs, was soon finding its way through a network of merchants to the luxury markets in Rome.

But the new discoveries show that Chinese silk was apparently present in the West long before the Han emperor started organized trade over the Silk Road. The research could change thinking about the early history of world trade and provide insights into the mystery of just how and when Europe and the Mediterranean lands first became aware of the glorious culture at the other end of Eurasia.

72. The word “coupled” in the first paragraph could best be replaced by         .

A. produced       B. contributed      C. doubled        D. combined

73. The silk thread found in the hair of an Egyptian mummy suggests that          .

A. Egyptians had probably travelled to China to buy silk

B. trade along the Silk Road began earlier than once thought

C. historical research often achieves fascinating results

D. new light can now be thrown on ancient trading practices

74. Until recently most historians believed that trade along the Silk Road        .

A. originated in the 2^nd century BC

B. extended human migration into eastern Asia

C. began a million years ago

D. primarily benefited the Egyptians

75. Historians have always considered Zhang Qian’s mission important because they believe            .

A. be brought back knowledge of Rome to the emperor

B. be discovered the Silk Road

C. be helped establish East-West trade

D. be travelled as far as Afghanistan

答案  72.D  73.B  74.A  75.C

Passage 8

(09·辽宁B篇)

What is Bay? The simple answer is that it is a global trading platform where nearly anyone can trade practically anything. People can sell and buy all kinds of products and goods. Including cars, movies and DVDs, sporting goods, travel tickets, musical instruments, clothes and shoes- the list goes on and on 

The idea came from Peter Omidyar, who was born in Paris and moved to Washington when he was still a child, At high school, be became very interested in computer programming and after graduating from Tuft University in 1988, He worked for the next few years as a computer engineer. In his free time he started Bay as a kind of hobby, at first offering the service free by word of mouth. By 1996 there was so much traffic on the website that he had to upgrade（升级） and he began charging a fee to members. Joined by a friend, Peter Skill. and in 1998 by his capable CEO, Meg Whitman, he has never looked back. . Even in the great. com crashes of the late 1990s,abay has gone from strength to strength ,. It is now one of the ten most visited online shopping websites on the Internet 

eBay sells connections, not goods, putting buyer and seller into contact with each other. All you have to do is lake an e-photo, write a description, fill out a sales form and you are in business: the world is your market place. Of course for each item （商品）sold eBay gets a percentage and that is great deal of money. Every day there are more than sixteen million items listed on eBay and eighty percent of the items are sold 

60. We learn from the text that eBay provides people with__ 

A. a way of buying and selling goods 

B. a website for them to upgrade 

C. a place to exhibit their own photos 

D. a chance to buy things at low prices 

61. Why did Peter create eBay after graduating from university? 

A. For fun 

B. To make money 

C. For gathering the engineers 

D. To fulfill a task of his company 

62. From “he has never looked back “in Paragraph 2 we learn that peter_ 

A. did not feel lonely 

B. was always hopeful 

C. did not think about the past 

D. became more and more successful 

63. How does eBay make money from its website7? 

A. By bringing callers together.   

B. By charging for each sale 

C. By listing items online 

D. By making e-photos.   

答案  60.A  61.A  62.D  63.B

Passage 9

(09·辽宁D篇)

It is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. But in order to work up the desire to rewrite, it is important to learn to like what you write at the early stage.   

I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers’ opinions. One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work. .   

Different from popular belief ,we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas （known as “mentalese”）, and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language . But while mentalese contains our  thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry （织锦），writing can only be composed one thread at a time . Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produces new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.   

When people write as if some strict critics （批评家） are looking over their shoulder , they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start. Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds. At the first stage, we should see every idea, as well as the words we use to express it ,as wonderful and worth putting down . It is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.   

68. What do we learn from the text about those famous writers? 

A.They often regret writing poor works 

B.Some of them write surprisingly much.   

C.Many of them hate reading their own works 

D.They are happy to review the publishers’ opinions.   

69. What do people generally believe about the way human minds work? 

A. People think in words and sentences.   

B.Human ideas are translated into symbols 

C. People think by connecting threads of ideas.   

D.Human thoughts are expressed through pictures.   

70. What can we conclude from the text? 

A. Most people believe we think in symbols.   

B.Loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable.   

C.The writers and critics can never reach an agreement.   

D.Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work.   

答案  68.C  69.A  70.D

Passage 10

(09·全国ⅡD篇)

The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin. Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.   

Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant. few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long Newspaper complies are losing advertisers （广告商）, readers, market value. and. in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago The chief editor （主编） of the times said recently, "At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law came. “An article about the newspaper appeared on the website of the Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.” 

perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death. Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past thee years The New York Times Company has  seen its stock （股票） drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the past year A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock-holders sell off their Times stock The Washington Post Comply has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education its testing and test-preparation service now brings in at least half the company's income.   

53. What can we learn about the New England Curran? 

A. It is mainly about the stock market.   

B. It marks the beginning of the American newspaper.   

C. It remains a successful newspaper in America.   

D. It comes articles by political leaders.   

54. What can we infer about the newspaper editors? 

A. They often accept readers' suggestions 

B. They care a lot about each other's health.   

C. They stop doing business with advertisers.   

D. They face great difficulties in their business.   

55. Which of the following found a new way for its development? 

A. The Washington Post           B. The Guardian 

C. The New York Times.          D. New England Courant 

56. How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers? 

A. Satisfied      B. Hopeful 

C. Worried       D. Surprised 

答案  53.B  54.D  55.A  56.C

Passage 11

(09·全国ⅡE篇)

It's only 4 hours flying time from Sydney, but a world away. What better place to rest than a country where the only place people hurry is on the football field and things are done in "Fiji time"? 

Viti Lev-Great Fiji-is the largest island. Here you'll find the capital Suva and the international airport at Nadi Vatoa, on the other hand, is a tiny island in the farthest part of Hiji. Then there are 331 other islands, many of them with places to stay.   

With less than a million people living on islands, you'll never feel crowded  And with a climate（气候）that changes only for five degrees between seasons, there’s never a bad time to come.  

From cities to villages, from mountains to beaches, from water sports to wooden artworks, Fiji can give you more adventures and special experiences than you could find almost any where in the world.   

Whenever you come , wherever you go ,you’re sure to see some unforgettable events , From war dances to religious （宗教的） songs. From market days to religious days. It's not just staged  for tourists; it's still a part of everyday life in Fiji And any one of us can enjoy Fiji's spirit by being part of the traditional （传统的） sharing of yaqona—a drink made from the root of a Fiji plant 

So why not join us for the experience of a lifetime? 

57. Where is the international airport of Fiji? 

A. In Suva                               B. In Sydney     

C. On the island of Vatoa                    D. On the island of Viti Levu 

58. What does the text tell us about Fijian people?  

A. They invented “Fiji time” for visitors 

B. They stick to a traditional way of lift 

C. They like to travel from place to place 

D. They love taking adventures abroad 

59. One of the things that make Fiji a tourist attraction is 

A. its comfortable hotels 

B. its good weather all year round 

C. its exciting football matches 

D. its religious beliefs 

60. Where can we most probably read this text? 

A. In a personal diary                B. In a science report 

C. In a travel magazine               D. In a geography textbook 

答案  57.D  58.B  59.B  60.C

Passage 11

(09·山东D篇)

An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to （归因于）the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.  

Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A. spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.  

Professor john Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecture at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures-which are open to students from all departments—were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.  

 “There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done. ” He added.   

University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in caters in the pubic sector（部门）, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.  

A. recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.  

Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.”

71. Professor John Beath’s lectures are             .  

A. given in a traditional way                 B. connected with the present situation

C. open to both students and their parents       D. warmly received by economics  

72. Incomes in the public sector are more attractive because of their         .  

A. greater stability     B. higher pay    C. fewer applications   D. better reputation  

73. in the opinion of most parents           .  

A. eccentrics should be the focus of school teaching

B. more students should be admitted to universities

C. the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened.  

D. children should solve financial problems themselves  

74. According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters        .  

A. wiser in money management

B. have access to better equipment

C. confide about their future careers

D. get jobs in Child Trust Funds  

75. What’s the main idea of the text?

A. Universities have received more applications.  

B. Economics is attracting an increasing numbers students

C. college students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty

D. parents are concerned with children’s subject selection.   

答案  71.B  72.A  73.C  74.A  75.B

Passage 13

(09·陕西C篇)

“Old wives tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another, For example, most of us remember our patents’ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time

Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic（蒜）is good for you, too。It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.

Unfortunately, not all of Mom’s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.  

Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales, After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated （积累） from thousands of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water should respect this body of knowledge even as research for clear scientific support to proven it true or false

48. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？           

A, Eating garlic is good for our eyes

B, Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth

C, Swimming after a meal is dangerous。

D, Carrots prevent people from catching colds

49.The author develops the third paragraph mainly--------。           

A. by cause and effects                     B. by order in space

C. by order in time                         D. by examples

50.The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“   ”

A. to be believable    B. to be valuable       C. to be admirable     D. to be smtable

51 What is the author’s attitude toward “old wives’ tales” in the text?

A. So objective       B. Objective          C. Dissatisfied         D. Curious

答案  48.B  49.D  50.A  51.B

Passage 14

(09·陕西E篇)

Successful people in international business understand the cultures of other countries and learn to change their practices in different cultures. They understand the importance of avoiding business decisions based on misconceptions—mistaken ideas.  

One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that one’s own culture’s way of doing things is better than the way of other cultures. It’s ethnocentrism that leads to failure in international business. To avoid ethnocentrism, it’s necessary to study the different elements（组成部分）of culture: language, values and attitudes, and customs and manners.  

Language

A. knowledge of the local language can help international business people in four ways. First, people can communicate directly. Second, people are usually more open in their communication with someone who speaks their language. Third, an understanding of the language allows people to infer meanings that are not said directly. Finally, knowing the language helps people to understand the culture better.  

Values are people’s basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong, good and bad . An attitude is a way of thinking or acting. Values and attitudes influence international business. For example, many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzerland is better than chocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it.  

Customs and manners

Customs are common social practices. Manners are ways of acting that the society believes are polite. For example, in the United States,  it is the custom to have salad （色拉） before the main course at dinner, not after. It’s not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table. Failure to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling their products. Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an American company in France doesn’t sell well because the French don’t usually drink juice with breakfast.  

57. A. knowledge of the local language allows international business people _________.  

A. to be more open with their customers

B. to communicate without outside help

C. to express their thoughts indirectly

D. to have a better idea of their own culture

58. The act of many people buying chocolate of Switzerland shows the role of ________.  

A. manners           B. values            C. attitudes           D. customs

59. What would be the best title for the text?                     

A. Misconceptions in Business               B. Basic Beliefs in Business

C. International Business Culture             D. Successful International Business

60. The author’s purpose of writing this article is to tell people ___________        

A. how to take a right attitude in business

B. how to avoid misunderstandings in business

C. how to use a local language in business

D. how to act politely and properly in business

答案  57.B  58.C  59.C  60.B

Passage 15

(08·安徽D篇)

Some people think that as more and more people have televisions in their homes，fewer and fewer people will buy books and newspapers. Why read an article in the newspaper，when the TV news can bring you the information in a few minutes and with pictures? Why read the life story of a famous man，when a short television program can tell you all that you want to know?

Television has not killed reading, however. Today，newspapers sell in very large numbers. And books of every kind are sold more than ever before. Books are still a cheap way to get information and enjoyment．Although some books with hard covers are expensive，many books are printed today as paperbacks(平装本)，which are quite cheap. A paperback collection of short stories，for example，is always cheaper than an evening at the cinema or the theater，and you can keep a book for ever and read it many times.

Books are a wonderful provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books should be in every home．Every home should have a good dictionary．A good encyclopedia(百科全书)，though expensive，is useful，too，because you can find information on any subject．Besides，you can have such books as history books，science textbooks，cookbooks，and collections of stories and poems．Then from time to time you can take a book of poems off your shelves and read the thoughts and feelings of your favorite poets.

68. It can be inferred from the passage that＿＿＿.

A．TV programs are a chief provider of knowledge

B．cinemas are the best choice in getting information

C．reading is a cheap way of learning and having fun

D．newspapers are an expensive way to enjoy oneself

69．What does the sentence“Television has not killed reading，however.”underlined

in the second paragraph suggest?

A．People only need reading，though.

B．Reading is still necessary today.

C．Reading is more fun than television.

D．Watching television doesn’t help reading.

70．Which of the following is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?

A．Types of books.                       B．Kinds of dictionaries．

C．Lists of history books．            D．Collections of stories and poems.

71．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Fewer and fewer people will buy books．

B．A good dictionary should be kept in every home．

C．Books with hard covers sell better than paperbacks.

D．More people like TV programs about famous men．

答案  68.C  69.B  70.A  71.B

Passage 16

(08·辽宁A篇)

I travel a lot, and I find out different “styles”(风格) of directions every time I ask “How can I get to the post office?”

Foreign tourists are often confused(困惑的) in Japan because most streets there don’t have names; in Japan, people use landmarks(地标) in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”

In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”

People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don’t know.

It’s true that a person doesn’t know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I don’t know.” People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!

56. When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually ______.

   A. describe the place carefully                      B. show him a map of the place

   C. tell him the names of the streets                D. refer to recognizable buildings and places

57. What is the place where people measure distance in time?

   A.New York.           B.Los Angeles.              C.Kansas.              D.Iowa.

58. People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ______.

   A. in order to save time                               B. as a test

   C. so as to be polite                                     D. for fun

59. What can we infer from the text?

   A. It’s important for travelers to understand cultural differences.

   B. It’s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.

   C. People have similar understandings of politeness.

   D. New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.

答案  56.D  57.B  58.C  59.A

Passage 17

(08·辽宁B篇)

Heroes of Our Time

A good heart

       Dikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease.He came to Georgetown University on a scholarship(奖学金) to study medicine—but Coach(教练) John Thompson got a look at Dikembe and had a different idea. Dikembe became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of the United States. But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to share his fortune with others. He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo. A friend has said of this good-hearted man: “Mutombo believes that God has given him this chance to do great things.”

Success and kindness

       After her daughter was born, Julie Aigner-Clark searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming children’s videos(录像) in her own house. The Baby Einstein Company was born, and in just five years her business grew to more than $20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others—producing child safety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Julie says of her new program: “I believe it’s the most important thing that I have ever done. I believe that children have the right to live in a world that is safe.”

Bravery and courage

       A few weeks ago, Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subway station with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the path of a train. With seconds to act, Wesley jumped onto the tracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails(铁轨), and held him as the train passed right above their heads. He insists he’s not a hero. He says: “We have got to show each other some love.”

60. What was Mutombo praised for?

   A. Being a star in the NBA.                                B. Being a student of medicine.

   C. His work in the church.                                  D. His willingness to help the needy.

61. Mutombo believes that building the new hospital is ______.

   A. helpful to his personal development

   B. something he should do for his homeland

   C. a chance for his friends to share his money

   D. a way of showing his respect to the NBA

62. What did the Baby Einstein Company do at its beginning?

   A. Produce safety equipment for children.

   B. Make videos to help protect children.

   C. Sell children’s music and artwork.

   D. Look for missing and exploited children.

63. Why was Wesley Autrey praised as a hero?

   A. He helped a man get across the rails.

   B. He stopped a man from destroying the rails.

   C. He protected two little girls from getting hurt.

   D. He saved a person without considering his own safety.

答案  60.D  61.B  62.C  63.D

Passage 18

(08·江西D篇)

Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value．The concept dates back to 1623,when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed．IP rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another．For example, if somebody generates an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights．If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use．Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing,but today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literature．

In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the Internet．Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book store．In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it．However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet．This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights．

68．According to the writer, in the beginning, IP rights were mainly of use to ____  __．

A．those creating music, art and literature

B．novelists

C．engineers and inventors

D．those not receiving financial reward for their work

69．What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?

A．It makes IP rights harder to protect．

B．It sells songs and films．

C．It does not affect the way we understand IP rights．

D．It prevents the production of artwork．

70．According to Paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”?

A．Intellectual property rights．

B．The Internet．

C．Free downloading．

D．The large number of songs, films and books．

71．A possible title for this passage could be _____  _．

A．A History of IP Rights                       B．Ways to Protect Your IP Rights

C．The Present and the Future of IP        D．IP Rights and Our Attitudes

答案  68.C  69.A  70.C  71.D

Passage 19

(08·陕西B篇)

Photographs are everywhere. They decorate (装饰) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. The news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. Photos record the beauties of nature. They can also bring things close that are far away. Through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. Photos also tell stories.

Reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. At times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. At other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. Each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. It can also be a strong force for social change.

Jacob Riis was among the first photojournalists. He took pictures of parts of New York City where the poor lived. Riis believed that poverty(贫穷)　caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. A few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by Lewis Hine shocked the public. Hine’s pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.

Hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. It takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. Photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. A photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. It can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.

As historical and artistic documents(文献) ,photos can become more important over time. Today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. They also publish(发表) them in books and on the Internet.

45. The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to         .

A. beauties                B. photos                 C. goods          D. events

46. The photos of the small children by Hine show us that photos            .

A. are also works of art                                B. are popular ways of reporting news

C. often shock the public                              D. can serve as a force for social change

47. What can we learn from the passage?

A. News with pictures is encouraging.            

B. Photos help people improve their life.

C. News photos mean history in a sense.    

D. People prefer reading news with pictures.

48. The text is mainly about       .

A. telling the story through pictures                      B. decorating the walls of homes

C. publishing historical papers                     D. expressing feeling through pictures

答案  45.B  46.D  47.C  48.A

Passage 20

(08·陕西C篇)

This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry”. This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students? What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field?

The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thing—the importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didn’t write anything on the board.

The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers (层次)　of meaning . Some layers are simple, clear, and on the surface; other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn’t happen much in undergraduate(本科)　science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文科学).

Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students.”

But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this:All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better.

49. What do we know about this unusual class?

A. The teachers did lots of writing on the board.

B. The teacher were invited to attend several lectures.

C. The students were professors from a university.

D. The students were studying science and humanities.

50. The experiment was designed to find out       .

   A. how to teach the students in the science class

B. whether poetry is difficult for science students

C. what to be taught in the humanities class

D. why many humanities students find science hard

51. Finding levels of meaning is       .

   A. important for graduate students in humanities

B. difficult for graduate students in humanities

C. common for undergraduate students in science

D. easy for undergraduate students in science

52. What did the science professors learn after the experiment?

   A. They should change the way they teach.

B. A poem could be explained in clear definitions.

C. A poetry class could be more informative.

D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience.

答案  49.C  50.D  51.A  52.A

Passage 21

(08·天津D篇)

We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively(被动地). We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.

We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.

Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言).

Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.

That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.

This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as a fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.

48. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.

   A. doing a medical experiment                         B. solving a math problem

   C. visiting an exhibition                            D. doing scientific reasoning

49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.

   A. active learning                                        B. knowledge

   C. communication                                       D. passive learning

50. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.

   A. a message may be changed when being passed on

   B. a message should be delivered in different ways

   C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing

   D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor

51. What can we infer from the passage?

   A. Active learning is less important.                     B. Passive learning may not be reliable.

   C. Active learning occurs more frequently.     D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.

答案  48.C  49.D  50.A  51.B

Passage 22

(08·全国ⅠE篇)

Edward Wilson is America’s，if not the world’s，leading naturalist.In The Future of Life，he takes us on a tour of the world’s natural resources(资源).How are they used? What has been lost? What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use?Wilson also points out the need to understand fully the biodiversity(生物多样性) of our earth.

Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment(环境) protection，Henry David Thorean.He compares today’s Walden Pond with that of

Thorean’s day.Wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the book.The problem is clear:man has done great damage to his home over the years.Can the earth，with human help，be made to return to biodiversity levels that will be able to support us in the future?

Biodiversity，Wilson argues，is the key to settling many problems the earth faces today.Even our agricultural crops can gain advantages from it.A mere hundred species(物种) are the basis of our food supply，of which but twenty carry the load.Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of，which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.

At the end of the book，Wilson discusses the importance of human values in considering the environment.If you are to continue to live on the earth，you may well read and act on the ideas in this book.

72.We learn from the text that Wilson cares most about        .

A.the environment for plants                 B.the biodiversity of our earth

C.the waste of natural resources             D.the importance of human values

73.How many species are most important to our present food supply?

A.Twenty.               B.Eighty.        C.One hundred.             D.Ten thousand.

74.Wilson suggests that one way to keep biodiversity is to        .

A.learn how to farm scientifically   B.build homes for some dying species

C.make it clear what to eat                    D.use more species for food

75.We can infer that the text is        .

A.a description of natural resources

B.a research report

C.a book review

D.an introduction to a scientist

答案  72.B  73.A  74.D  75.C

Passage 23

(08·全国ⅡB篇)

The Queen’s English is now sounding less upper-class,a scientific study of the Queen’s Christmas broadcasts has found.Researchers have studied each of her messages to the Commonwealth countries since 1952 to find out the change in her pronunciation from the noble Upper Received to the Standard Received.

Jonathan Harrington,a professor at Germany’s University of Munich,wanted to discover whether accent(口音) changes recorded over the past half century would take place within one person.“As far as I know,there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records,”he said.

He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels(元音) had gradually lost ground as the noble upper-class accent over the past years.“Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago.But these are very,very small and slow changes that we don’t notice from year to year.”

“We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes,”he told The Daily Telegraph,a British  newspaper.“In 1952 she would have been heard saying ‘thet men in the bleck het’.Now it would be ‘that man in the black hat’.Similarly,she would have spoken of ‘the citay’ and’dutay’,rather than ‘citee’and‘dutee’,and‘hame’rather than‘home’.In the 1950s she would have been ‘lorst’,but by the 1970s ‘lost’.”

The Queen’s broadcast is a personal message to the Commonwealth countries.Each Christmas,the 10-minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 pm in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional turkey lunch(传统火鸡午餐).

The results were published(发表) in the Journal of Phonetics.

45.The Queen’s broadcasts were chosen for the study mainly because         .

A.she has been Queen for many years

B.she has a less upper-class accent now

C.her speeches are familiar to many people

D.her speeches have been recorded for 50 years

46.Which of the following is an example of a less noble accent in English?

A.“Dutay”.              B.“Citee”.              C.“Hame”.             D.“Lorst”.

47.We may infer from the text that the Journal of Phonetics is a magazine on         .

A.speech sounds                                          B.Christmas customs

C.TV broadcasting                               D.personal messages

48.What is the text mainly about?

A.The relationship between accents and social classes.

B.The Queen’s Christmas speeches on TV.

C.The changes in a person’s accent.

D.The recent development of the English language.

答案  45.D  46.B  47.A  48.C

Passage 24

(08·湖南D篇)

Celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture.Fans used to be crazy about a specific film,but now the public tends to base its consumption(消费) on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product.Besides,fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces.As a result,celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential,

moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.

Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon,but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers,and limited to a few TV actresses.Today  they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands.The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style.As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market,they expand their production scale rapidly,covering almost all the poducts of daily life.

However,for every success story,there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal.No matter how famous the product’s origin is,if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing.And once the initial(最初的) attention dies down,consumer interest might fade,loyalty(忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.

Today,celebrities face even more severe embarrassment.The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever,but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well.Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life,and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears.Still,the ego’s(自我的) potential for expansion is limitless.Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition,many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered.As the saying goes,success and failure always go hand in hand.Their success as designers might last only a short time,but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.

69.Fashion magazines today         .

A.seldom put models on the cover

B.no longer put models on the cover

C.need not worry about celebrities’market potential

D.judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly

70.A change in the consumer market can be found today that         .

A.price rather than brand name is more concerned

B.producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisements

C.producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisements

D.quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned

71.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly         .

A.decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his products

B.damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general public

C.cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show business

D.influence the price of a celebrity’s products

72.The passage is mainly about         .

A.celebrity and personal style

B.celebrity and market potential

C.celebrity and fashion design

D.celebrity and clothing industry

答案  69.A  70.D  71.A  72.B

Passage 25

(08·四川A篇)

The meaning of the word “volunteer” may be a little different in different countries,but it usually means “one who offers his or her services.”There are many different ways in which people can volunteer,such as taking care of sick people,working in homes for homeless children,and picking up garbage(垃圾)from beaches and parks.Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries.They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves.Volunteers don’t expect any kind of pay.

At the root of volunteering is the idea that one person may have the ability to offer services that can help other people.Tracy,a good friend of mine,however,recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means.She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresa’s homes in Calcutta.The following is her story.

“I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school,we watched a video(录像)about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school,I too wanted to try her kind of work.So with two friends I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks.”

“I was asked to work in a home for sick people.I helped wash clothes and sheets,and pass out lunch.I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer the up.I felt it was better to share with them than to think that I have helped them.To be honest,I don’t think I was helping very much.It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help,but to learn about and experience another culture(文化)that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.”

36.According to the text,a volunteer refers to a person who        .

A.is willing to help those in need without pay

B.can afford to travel to different places

C.has a strong wish to be successful

D.has made a big fortune in life

37.Tracy started her work as a volunteer        .

A.after she met Mother Teresa

B.after she finished high school

C.when she was touring Calcutta

D.when she was working in a hospital

38.Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer?

A.She liked to work with Mother Teresa.

B.She had already had some experience.

C.She was asked by Mother Teresa to do so.

D.She wanted to follow Mother Teresa’s example.

39.What is Tracy’s “new idea”(Paragraph 2)of being a volunteer?

A.Going abroad to help the sick.

B.Working in Mother Teresa’s home.

C.Doing simple things to help the poor.

D.Improving oneself through helping others.

答案  36.A  37.B  38.D  39.D

Passage 26

(07·山东B篇)

If you look for a book as a present for a child. You will be spoiled for choice even in a year

there is no new Harry Patten J.K Powling’s wizard is not alone the past decade has been a harvest

for good children’s books ,which has set off a large quantity of films and an increased sales of

classics such as The lard of the Rings.

Yet despite that ,reading is increasingly unpopular among children .According to statistics in 1997 23% said they didn’t like reading in all . In 2003, 35% did . And around 6% of children leave

primary school each year unable to read properly.

Maybe the decline is caused by the increasing availability of computes games. Maybe the

books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile . Either way , Chancellor Cordon

Brown plans to change things for the bottom of the class .In his pre-budget report , he announced

the national project of Reading Recovery to help the children struggling most.

Reading Recovery is wined at six year olds ,who receive four months of individual daily

half-hour classes with a specially trained teacher . An evaluation either this year reported that

children on the school made 20 months’ progress in just one year, whereas similarly weak readers

without special help made just five months’ progress ,and so ended the year even further below the

level expected for their age.

International research tends to find that when British children leave primacy school they read well ,but read text often for fun than those elsewhere .Reading for fun matters because children who are been on reading can report lifelong pleasure and loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success . According to the OECD, being a regular and enthusiastic reader is of great advantage.

60．Which of the following is true of Paragraph 1?

A．Marry children’s books have been adapted from films.

B．Marry high-quality children’s books have been published .

C．The sales of classics have led to the popularity of films.

D．The sales of presents for children have increased.

61．Statistics suggested that _________.

.   A．the number of top students increased with the use of computers

B．a decreasing number of  children showed interest in reading

C．a minority of primacy school children read properly

D．a huge percentage of children read regularly

62．What do we know about Reading Recovery?

A．An evaluation of it will be made sometime this year.

B．Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking.

C．It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading.

D．Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading.

63．Reading for fun is important because book-loving children _________.

A．take greater advantage of the project

B．show the potential to enjoy a long life

C．are likely to succeed in their education.

D．would make excellent future researchers

64．The arm of this text would probably be _________.

A．to overcome primary school pupils reading difficulty.

B．to encourage the publication of more children’s books

C．to remind children of the importance of reading for fun

D．to introduce a way to improve early children reading

答案  60.B  61.B  62.D  63.C  64.D

Passage 27

(07·全国ⅠE篇)

Today about 70 countries use Daylight Saving Time (DST). Daylight Saving was first introduced during World War I in Australia. During the world wars, DST was used for the late summers beginning January 1917 and 1942, and the full summers beginning September 1942 and 1943.  

In 1967, Tasmania experienced a drought（干旱）. The State Government introduced one hour of daylight saving that summer as a way of saving power and water. Tasmanians liked the idea of daylight saving and the Tasmanian Government has declared daylight saving each summer since 1968. Persuaded by the Tasmanian Government, all states except two passed a law in 1971, for a test use of daylight saving. In 1972, New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria joined Tasmania for regular daylight saving, but Queensland did not do so until 1989.

Tasmania, Queensland and South Australia have had irregular plans, often changing their dates due to politics or festivals（节日）. For example, in 1992, Tasmania extended（延长）daylight saving by an extra month while South Australia began extending daylight saving by two weeks for the Adelaide Festival. Special daylight saving plans were made during the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games.

The differences in daylight saving in Australia continue to cause serious problems in transport and many other social activities. It also reduces the number of hours in the working day that are common to all centers in the country. In particular, time differences along the east coast cause major differences, especially for the broadcasters of national radio and television.

72. Daylight Saving Time was introduced in Tasmania _______________.

   A. to stop the drought in 1967           B. to support government officials

   C. to pass a special law in the state       D. to save water and electricity

73. According to the text, which state was the last to use DST?

   A. Victoria.                          B. Queensland.

   C. South Australia.                    D. New South Wales.

74. What can we learn about DST in some Australian states?

   A. It doesn’t have fixed dates.            B. It is not used in festivals.

   C. Its plan was changed in 2000.          D. It lasts for two weeks.

75. What do we know about the use of DST from the last paragraph?

   A. There exist some undesirable effects.    B. It helps little to save energy.

   C. It brings about longer working days.     D. Radio and TV programs become different.

答案  72. D  73.B  74.A  75.A

Passage 28

(07·全国ⅡB篇)

Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability（能力）. They feel hopeless about it. Can you learn to read better, or must you agree that nothing can be done about it?

To be sure, people are different. You cannot to do everything as well as certain other people do. It al the students in a class tried out for basketball, some would be very good players; others would be very poor; and many would be in between. But even the very poor players can become much better players if they are guided in the right way, and with plenty of practice. It is the same with reading. Some seem to enjoy reading and to read well without any special help. Others find reading a slow and tiring job. In between, there are all degrees of reading ability.

Many experiments have shown that just about every poor reader can improve his reading ability. In these experiments, the poor readers were given tests of reading ability. After some of the causes of their poor reading were discovered, they were given special instruction and practice in reading. After a few months, another test of the same kind was given. In nearly all cases, these people had raised their reading scores.

46.With the example of basketball players, the author shows ____.
A. why certain people are poor readers                

B. that there are differences in people’s abilities
C. why some people are good basketball players   

D. that good basketball players can be good readers

47.To improve their reading ability, people should ____.
A. work long and hard                                        B. take different forms of tests
C. have special help and practice                          D. try different reading materials

48.The experiments mentioned in the text show that ____.
A. good readers seem to enjoy reading                

B. almost all poor readers can make progress
C. causes of poor reading are difficult to find out 

D. tests help people improve their reading ability

答案  46.B  47.C  48.B

Passage 29

(07·全国ⅡE篇)

Most people want to know how things are made. They honestly admit, however, that they hardly know a thing when it comes to understanding how a piece of music is made. Where a composer（作曲家）begins, how he manages to keep going – in fact, how and when he learns his trade – all are covered in complete darkness. The composer, in short, is a man of mystery（神秘）.

One of the first things the common man wants to know about is the part inspiration（灵感）plays in a composer’s work. He finds it difficult to believe that composers are not much interested in that question. Writing music is as natural for the composer as eating or sleeping for all. Music is something that the composer happens to have been born for.

The composer, therefore, does not say to himself: “Do I feel inspired?” He says to himself: “Do I feel like working today?” And if he feels like working, he does. It is more or less like saying to himself: “Do I feel sleepy?” if you feel sleepy, you go to sleep. If you don’t feel sleepy, you stay up. If the composer doesn’t feel like working, he doesn’t work. It’s as simple as that.

57.What would be the best title for the text?
A. Composer: a man of mystery                          B. Practice makes good music
C. Relation between sleeping and music                D. Music: product of nature

58.The words “covered in complete darkness” underlined in Paragraph 1 most probably mean ____.
A. difficult to be made    B. without any light       C. black in color           D. not known

59.Most people seem to think that a composer ____.
A. finds it difficult to write music                       

B. considers it important to have a good rest
C. should like to talk about inspiration                

D. never asks himself very simple quesiotns

60.The author will most probably agree that composers ____.
A. are born with a gift for music                         B. are people full of mystery
C. work late at night for their music                     D. know a lot about eating and sleeping

答案  57.A  58.D  59.C  60.A

Passage 30

(07·江苏B篇)

Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many North Americans interact (互动) these days. The term is “networked individualism”. This concept is not easy to understand because the words seem to have opposite meanings. How can we be individuals (个体) and be networked at the same time? You need other people for networks.

Here is what Professor Wellman means. Before the invention of the Internet and e-mail, our social networks included live interactions with relatives, neighbors, and friends. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.

A recent research study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project showed that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced this person-to- person interaction. However, a lot of people interviewed for the Pew study say that’s a good thing. Why?

In the past, many people were worried that the Internet isolated (孤立) us and caused us to spend too much time in the imaginary world of the computer. But the Pew study discovered that the opposite is true. The Internet connects us with more real people than expected — helpful people who can give advice on careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million Americans told Pew that the Internet plays an important role in helping them make major life decisions.

Thanks to the computer, we are able to be alone and together with other people — at the same time!

60. The underlined phrase “networked individualism” probably means that by using computers people ________.

   A. stick to their own ways no matter what other people say

   B. have the rights and freedom to do things of their own interest

   C. do things in their own ways and express opinions different from other people

   D. are able to keep to themselves but at the same time reach out to other people

61. According to the Pew study, what do many people rely on to make major life decisions?

   A. Networks.            B. Friends.              C. Phones.               D. Parents.

62. It can be inferred from the Pew study that _______.

   A. people have been separated from each other by using computers

   B. the Internet makes people waste a lot of time and feel very lonely

   C. the Internet has become a tool for a new kind of social communication

   D. a lot of people regard the person-to-person communication as a good thing

63. Which would be the best title for this passage?

   A. We’re Alone on the Internet.

   B. We’re Communicating on the Internet.

   C. We’re Alone Together on the Internet.

   D. We’re in the Imaginary World of the Internet.

答案  60.D  61.A  62.C  63.C

Passage 31

(07·重庆E篇)

Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change-to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.

Landscape(风景) is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotion, and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography(摄影术) to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.

Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods.

Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.

71. The underlined word “poetry” most probably means __________.

A. an object for artistic creation                          B. a　collection of poems

C. an unusual quality                                         D. a natural scene

72. Leslie's paintings are extraordinary because .

A. they are close in style to works in ancient times

B. they look like works by 19th-century painters

C. they draw attention to common things in life

D. they depend heavily on color photography

73. What is the author's opinion of artistic reality?

A. It will not be found in future works of art.

B. It does not have a long-lasting standard.

C. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form.

D. It is lacking in modern works of art.

74. What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph?

A. They express people's curiosity about the past.

B. They make people interested in everyday experience.

C. They are considered important for variety in form.

D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation.

75. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?

A. History of the arts.                                 B. Basic questions of the arts.

C. New developments in the arts.                 D. Use of modern technology in the arts.

答案  71.C  72.C  73.B  74.D  75.B

Passage 32

(07·辽宁E篇)

It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. At some point in every speech, every speaker says something that is not understood exactly as he has planned. Fortunately, the moments are usually not obvious(明显的)to the listeners. Why? Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say. They hear only what the speaker does say. If you Lose your place for a moment, wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences, or forget to pause at a certain point, no one will be any the wiser. When such moments occur, don’t worry about them. Just continue as if nothing happened.

Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech, that don’ t really matter. If you have ever listen to Martin Luther King’ s famous speech—“I Have a dream ”, you may notice that he stumbles(结巴) his words twice during the speech, Most likely. however. you don’t remember. Why? Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speech-making.

People care a lot about makings mistake in a speech because they regard speechmaking as a kind of performance rather than as an act of communication(交流). They feel the listeners are like judges in an ice-skating competition. But, in (act • the listeners are not looking for a period performance. They are looking for a well-thought-out speech that expresses the speaker’s ideas clearly and directly. Sometimes a mistake or he can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making him more human.

As you work on your speech, don’t worry about being perfect. Once you free your mind of this, you will find it much easier to give your speech freely.

72. The underlined part and the first paragraph means that no one will ______

A. be smarter than you

B. notice your mistakes

C. do better than you

D. know what you are talking about

73. You don’t remember obvious mistakes in a speech because_____

A. your attention is on the content

B. you don’t fully understand the speech

C. you don’t know what the speaker plans to say

D. you find the way of speech-making more important

74. It can be inferred from the passage that_____

A. giving a speech is like giving a performance

B. one or two mistakes in a speech may not be bad

C. the listeners should pay more attention to how a speech is made

D. the more mistakes a speaker makes, the more attractive he will be

75. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. How to Be a Perfect Speaker

B. How to Make a Perfect Speech

C. Don’ I Expect a Perfect Speech

D. Don’t Expect Mistakes in a Speech

答案  72.B  73.A  74.B  75.C

Passage 33

(07·浙江D篇)

Tell a story and tell it well, and you may open wide the eyes of a child, open up lines of communication in a business, or even open people’s mind to another culture or race.

People in many places are digging up the old folk stories and the messages in them. For example, most American storytellers get their tales from a wide variety of sources, cultures, and times. They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education, but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own.

“ Most local stories are based on a larger theme,” American storyteller Opalanga Pugh says, “ Cinderella(灰姑娘), or the central idea of a good child protected by her goodness, appears in various forms in almost every culture of the world.”

Working with students in schools, Pugh helps them understand their own cultures and the general messages of the stories. She works with prisoner too, helping them knowing who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write, direct, and act in their own lives. If they don’t like the story they are living, they can rewrite the story. Pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers. “For every advance in business,” she says, “ there is a greater need for communication.” Storytelling can have a great effect on either side of the manager-worker relationship, she says.

Pugh spent several years in Nigeria, where she learned how closely storytelling was linked to the everyday life of the people there. The benefits of storytelling are found everywhere, she says.

“I learned how people used stories to spread their culture,” she says, “ What I do is to focus on the value of the stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs. We are all storytellers. We all have a story to tell. We tell everybody’s story.”

52. What do we learn about American storyteller from Paragraph 2?

   A. They share the same way of storytelling.

   B. They prefer to tell the stories from other cultures.

   C. They learn their stories from the American natives.

   D. They find storytelling useful for both children and adults.

53. The underlined sentence (Paragraph 4) suggests that prisoners can _____.

   A. start a new life                        B. settle down in another place

   C. direct films                           D. become good actors

54. Pugh has practised storytelling with _____ groups of people.

   A. 2              B. 3               C. 4             D. 5

55. What is the main idea of the text?

   A. Storytelling can influence the way people think.

   B. Storytelling is vital to the growth of business.

   C. Storytelling is the best way to educate children in school.

   D. Storytelling helps people understand themselves and others.

答案  52.D  53.A  54.B  55.D

Passage 34

(07·湖南C篇)

Photos that you might have found down the back of your sofa are now big business!

   In 2005, the American artist Richard Prince’s photograph of a photograph, Untitled (Cowboy), was sold for $ 1, 248, 000.

   Prince is certainly not the only contemporary artist to have worked with so-called “found photographs”—a loose term given to everything from discarded(丢弃的) prints discovered in a junk shop to old advertisements or amateur photographs from a stranger’s family album. The German artist Joachim Schmid, who believes “basically everything is worth looking at”, has gathered discarded photographs, postcards and newspaper images since 1982. In his on-going project, Archiv, he groups photographs of family life according to themes: people with dogs; teams; new cars; dinner with the family; and so on.

   Like Schmid, the editors of several self-published art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs. One of them, called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper(雨刷) an angry note intended for some else: “Why’s your car HERE at HER place?” The note became the starting point for Rothbard’s addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer.

   The whole found-photograph phenomenon has raised some questions. Perhaps one of the most difficult is: can these images really be considered as art? And if so, whose art? Yet found photographs produced by artists, such Richard Prince, may riding his horse hurriedly to meet someone? Or how did Prince create this photograph? It’s anyone’s guess. In addition, as we imagine the back-story to the people in the found photographs artists, like Schmid, have collated (整理), we also turn toward our own photographic albums. Why is memory so important to us? Why do we all seek to freeze in time the faces of our children, our parents, our lovers, and ourselves? Will they mean anything to anyone after we’ve gone?

64. The first paragraph of the passage is used to _________.

   A. remind readers of found photographs            

B. advise reader to start a new kind of business

   C. ask readers to find photographs behind sofa       

D. show readers the value of found photographs

65. According to the passage, Joachim Schmid _________.

   A. is fond of collecting family life photographs      

B. found a complaining not under his car wiper

   C. is working for several self-published magazines   

   D. wondered at the artistic nature of found photographs

66. The underlined word “them” in Para 4 refers to __________.

   A. the readers        

B. the editors         

C. the found photographs

   D. the self-published magazines

67. By asking a series of questions in Para 5, the author mainly intends to indicate that ________.

   A. memory of the past is very important to people

   B. found photographs allow people to think freely

   C. the back-story of found photographs is puzzling

   D. the real value of found photographs is questionable

68. The author’s attitude towards found photographs can be described as _________.

   A. critical         B. doubtful           C. optimistic         D. satisfied

答案  64.D  65.A  66.D  67.B  68.C

 

Passage 35

(07·安徽D篇)

The summer I was ten, my mother decided to bring us to the world of art. My brother and I were not very excited when we realized what my mother meant. What she meant was not that we could take drawing classes or painting classes but that we would have to spend one afternoon a week with her at the Fine Arts Museum. Before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles(风格). It was almost as bad as being in school. Who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with your friends at the swimming pool?

     First we had to read about ancient Egyptians(古埃及人) and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. My 12-year-old brother thought this was so funny, but I was not interested. Later we had to learn about artists in the Middle Ages who painted people wearing strange long clothing. We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly (鬈曲的) hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. I certainly couldn't see what was so great about art.

     On our last visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. In it, a woman was reading to a child. The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mother' s expression how happy she was just to be with the child. I couldn't stop looking at this painting ! I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made! It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.

68. The aim of the mother' s plan was to _________.

   A. take them to visit the museum             B. introduce them to the world of art

   C. ask them to read about artists             D. show them different painting styles

69. What was the writer' s experience in the museum before the last visit?

   A. She came to feel her mother' s love.   

B. She liked many paintings.

   C. She hardly enjoyed herself.                 

D. She could understand the pictures of fat babies.

70. What made the writer go through a change that summer?

   A. One of Mary's paintings.                 B. A strange way of painting.

   C. Artists in the Middle Ages.               D. Her mother' s instruction.

71. From the text, we can see _________.

   A. the importance of curiosity               B. the effect of art

   C. the value of learning                         D. the power of family education

答案  68.B  69.C  70.A  71.B

Passage 36

(07·安徽E篇)

Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal (信号). Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.

Different cultures emphasize (强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in "small talk", usually over a glass of tea, before they do any job. In many European countries -- like the UK or France -- people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or caf6s rather than at the office.

Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.

Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.

People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.

72. In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to _______.

   A. develop closer relations                 

B. share the same culture

   C. get to know each other            

D. keep each other company

73. The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that _________.

   A. the English prefer to make long speeches            

B. too many words are of no use

   C. people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature

   D. even talk and silence can be culturally different

74. According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better?

   A. By sharing different ways of life.  

B. By accepting different habits.

   C. By recognizing different values.   

D. By speaking each other' s languages.

75. What would be the best title for the text?

   A. Multicultural Environment.              

B. Cross-Cultural Differences.

   C. How to Understand Each Other.           

D. How to Build Up a Relationship.

答案  72.D  73.D  74.C  75.B

Passage 37

(07·江西E篇)

The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much . Unlike the other discilines（学科）,philosopjy cannot e defined by what you study ,because it si actually unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy:are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosopkhy. For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士学位）of Philosoophy (Ph. D.) in biochemisty, or computer science, or psychology.

  Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and eritical thinkging . It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasonign .The history of philosopjy involives the study of major philosophers and perrsiad in the development of philosophy.

 Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancemet . It is necessary for undesrtanding other disciplines. Only philosopjy questiong the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relatin to other disco[;omes. And throught the stdy of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.

 There are a number of gengral uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problesm, to communieate, to organize ideas and issues, to presuade, and to takewhat is the most important form a large quamity of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career firld, not necessarily ofr boutaining onej’s first job after graduation ,but for preparing for posttions of responsibility, managemetn and leadershin later on. It is very shor sihte after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. The useful skills developed throught the study of philosophy hav significang long-term benefits in canreer advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to reasolve human conflict.

72.Accprdomg to Paragraph 1. philosophy can best be described as the study of    .

A.social sciences                      

B.natural sciences

C.both social and natural sciences        

D.the subject matter of politics

73.With the study of philosophy, you can     .

A.become a great leader

B.succeed in everything

C.find a good job soon after graduation

D.make progress in your career development

74.According to the passage, which of the follwing statements is TRUE?

   A.Philosophy is an independent discipline.

B.Logic helps you to become a better thinker.

C.The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.

D.The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.

75.From the passage, we can conclude   

  A.not all the subjects have to do with philosophy

B.a person will get a Ph. D.  if he/she studies philosophy

C.philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects

D.philosophy is the only solution to all the probleras in the world

答案  72.C  73.D  74.B  75.C

Passage 38

(07·四川A篇)

I believe that my country, Poland, is a perfect example for a place where food is particularly important. When we were little children, we began to understand how much a loaf of bread meant to our parents—to some it might sound silly but for me the custom of kissing bread before you started cutting it was simply amazing. It's not so common nowadays to treat food that way, since you hardly ever bake your own bread. Besides, everyone would call you crazy if you tried to kiss every bread roll before you ate them! But though we no longer make our food from scratch (起点), some customs have been kept--that's why I feel so sorry every time I have to throw any food away—even though I no longer live with my parents and nobody would blame me for this anymore!

Many people of our nation are still working as farmers, eating what they grow and harvest and therefore enjoying everything more. It's widely known that you value more anything that needs your effort in the first place. In most homes in Poland, especially those of farmers, the whole family would try and have their meals together--extremely difficult now, but so rewarding (值得) ! You can share other members' troubles and successes, give your children some attention, or just sit down for a moment instead of rushing through life aimlessly. Furthermore, your body, and stomach in particular will be very grateful (感激) for such a time!

In Poland, a wedding, Christmas or even a birthday is celebrated with a great meal. Women in the house get together and cook, sometimes for a few days before the event, and the extremely good or unusual food will be remembered and widely talked about.

You cannot over-value the importance of food in the country. What's more, almost everyone in Poland will be as interested in the topic as I am.

56. When the writer was a child, he / she ________.

   A. found people were crazy about bread   

B. began to realize the importance of food

C. thought that cutting bread was amazing        

D. learned people hardly baked their own bread

57. The writer feels very sorry when he/she has to throw away any food because

   A. he/she makes food from scratch                 

B. his/her parents would blame him/her

   C. some customs still have effect on him/her      

D. many people are still working hard as farmers

58. From the text, we can learn that, in Poland, ________.

    A. most meals can be interesting topics for a long time

    B. the whole family often have meals together nowadays

    C. it's common for women to get together to cook for a few days

    D. family members can know more. about each other by having meals together

答案  56.B  57.C  58.D

Passage 39

(07·陕西C篇)

When former American President Bill Clinton traveled to South Korea to visit President Kim Young Sam, be rcpeatedly referred to the Korean president’s wife as Mrs. Kim. By mistake, Prcsident Chnton’s advisers thought that Koreans have the same naming customs as the Japanese. Clinton had not been told that, in Korea, wives keep their family names. President Kim Young Sam’s wife was named Sohm Myong Suk.Thercfore, she should be addressed (称谓)as Mrs. Sohn.

       President Cuntot arrived in Korea directly after leaving Japan and had not changed his culture gears. His failare to follow Korean customs gave the imprassion that Korea was not as important to him as Japan.

       In addition to Koreans. Some Asian husbands and wives do not share the same family names. This practice often puzzles(使困惑) English-speaking teachers when talking with a pupil’s parents. They become puzzled about the student’s correct last name. Placing the family name first is common among a number of Asian cultures.

       Mexican naming customs are different as well. When a woman marries,she keeps her family name and adds her husband’s name after the word de (of). This affects (影响)how they fill in forms in the United States. When requested to fill in a middle name, they generally write the father’s family name. But Mexicans are addressed by the family name of the mother. This often causes puzziement.

       Here are a few ways to deal with such difficult situations:don’t always think that a married woman uses her husband’s last name. Remember that in may Asian cultures,the order of first and last names is reversed (颠倒),Ask which name a person would prefer to use. If the name is difficult to pronounce,admit it, and ask the person to help you say it conectiy.

49.The story of Bill Clinton is used to        .                                          

       A.improve US Kotean relations

       B.introduce the topic of the text

       C.describe his visit to Korea

       D.tell us how to address a person

50.The word “gears”in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to      .                

       A.action plans        B.naming customs  C.travel maps  D.thinking patterns

51.When a woman marries in Kores, she       .                                                      

       A.continues to use her family name

B.uses her husband’s given name

C.shares her busband’s family name

D.adds her husband’s given name to hers

52.To address a married woman properly, you’d better        .                          

       A.are her middle name                        B.use her husband’s first name

       C.ask her which name she likes            D.change the order of her names

答案  49.B  50.D  51.A  52C

Passage 40

(06·重庆E篇)

The flag, the most common symbol（象征）of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning. the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.

The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive（原始的）artifact. It is , rather, the product of thousands of years’ development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.

Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.

Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connection of the flag with heavenly power was  therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems(图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.

These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked: The king of China around 1000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routs through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.

71．The best title for the passage would be             .

       A．Development of the National Flag.

       B．Power of the National Flag.

       C．Types of  Flags

       D．Uses of Flags

72．The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 means              .

       A．impossible to make sure of

       B．likely to be protected

       C．easy to damage

       D．difficult to find

73．The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because              .

       A．they could tell wind direction

       B．they could bring good luck to fighters

       C．they were handed down by the ancestors

       D．they were believed to stand for natural forces

74．What does the author know of the first national flag?

       A．He knows when it was sent to Europe.

       B．He believes it was made in Egypt.

       C．He thinks it came from China.

       D．He doubts where it started.

75．What will the author most probably talk about next?

       A．The role of China in the spread of the national flag.

       B．The second ancestor of the national flag

       C．The use of modern flags in Europe.

D．The importance of modern flags.

答案  71.A  72.C  73.D  74.D  75.B