The final exam test               

I.                   Multiple choice

1.       Which following sentences is not examples of simile  ( B ) 

 (examples in p23to25 62023 &p29 ex9)

A. Beauty is as summer fruits, which are easy to corrupt and can not last…

B. Your case is a horse of another color.

C. My heart is like a singing bird.

D. Her hand trembled like a leaf.

 

2. When a metaphor has been so often used and becomes standardized as a way of referring to something, it is called a   (B)                                    (p38 ph2)

A. mixed metaphor  B. dead metaphor  C. extended metaphor  D. sustained metaphor

 

3. The main difference between which group lies in that in the former the proper nouns have biblical, mythological, historical or literary origins?   (A) p80 ph2

A.      antonomasia and metonymy   B. metaphor and metonymy

C.  simile and metaphor       

 

4. …And May’s mother always stood on her gentility; and Dot’s mother stood on anything but active little feet.  P149 11 (C) Which kind of syllepsis is used in this sentence?

A.  A verb governs two nouns.

B.  Two subjects share one predicate.

C.  One verb has two different meanings.

D.  An adjective modifies two nouns.

 

5. More haste, less speed. Which rhetoric is used in it?

A. Oxymoron   B. Paradox   C. Parallelism   D. Variation

 

 

II.                 Blank filling

1.        Present-Day Western rhetoric is consists of two sub branches, namely,       and stylistics.

P 13 ph2   rhetoric

 

2.       All metaphors and similes are based on       . p47 ph1   analogy

 

3.       I shan’t be sorry when this is over. This sentence means I shall be very      when this is over.

p102 ph11glad/happy/…

4.               is a witticism involving the playful use of a word in different senses or of words which differ in meaning but sound alike.  (pun) P180

 

5.       The girl is the apple of his eyes. In this sentence, the tenor is       and the vehicle is      .

 girl; apple  P29 10

III. Judgment

1. Communicative rhetoric is inferior to aesthetic rhetoric. (F) p5 ph5

 

2. Government of the people, by the people, and for the people. The sentence used immediate repetition.(F)P120 10 intermittent repetition

3. Can you can a can as a caner cans a can? It’s a tongue twister. (T)

 

4. I.A. Richards is the writer of A Rhetoric of Motives.(F)  绿书P363

 

5. The using of words in rhetoric activities should be brief and concise. So in some situations we can use because to take the place of “for the reason that”, “due to the fact that”, “because of the fact that”…(T) 绿书P50

 

IV.Analyze

1.       ”Come,come; get him his change, Tod; get him his change.” Tod answered,” Get him his change！It’s easy to say, sir; but look at the bill yourself.”

 

P123 31

The reader can find :”get him his change” repeated in the dialogue which make it more impressive and effective.

 

2.       O, Wind, if winter comes, can spring be far behind? P203 2

Is used rhetorical question not only to achieve emphasis but also to make transition. This question needn’t be answered because the readers know that spring comes after winter. The writer used of the question instead of declarative sentence making the text vivid and forceful.

 

V. Short questions

1.       A simile is based on association and usually has four characteristics; you can use your own words to answer it briefly.

p22

1)       introduced by such comparative words as “like”, ”as”, ”as if” etc.

2)       involving two things, tenor and vehicle

3)       the two things involved should be completely different

4)       the two things should be similar in at least one characteristic

 

2.       In structure parallelism can be classified into four categories. What are they?  p168

1)       formed of a series of words

2)       formed of a group of phrases

3)       formed of a row of clauses

4)       formed of a series of sentences

 

3.        There are six forms in the paragraph text, what are they? （绿书 语篇形式）

1)       exposition

2)       persuasion

3)       debates

4)       description

5)       narration

 

 

 

 

                                                                  

注：所有未特别标注的都是英语修辞学书。

 

 

Ⅰ. Multiple choice(1’× 20)

The first book on rhetoric entitled____B____.

A. Aristotle’s Rhetoric                    B. Arte or Crafte of rhetoryke    

C. Dictionary of Literary terms             D. An American Rhetoric

2.  In structures parallelism can be classified into four categories, in the following, which is not one of them. ____C_____

       A. formed of a series of words                 B. formed of a group of phrases

C. formed of one sentence                           D. formed of a row of clauses

3.  Syllepsis refers to the use of any part of speech comparably related to rwo other words or phases, correctly with respect to each taken separately, as to both syntax and meaning, but in different ways, so as to produce a __A___ effect.

A. witty          B. sorrowful         C. furious             D. happy

4.  In the following four sentences, which do not use zoosemy. __C____

       A. He is a bookworm.                                     B.Hold your viperous tongue.

       C.The traffic crawled like a wounded snake.  D.Like a lion he rushed to meet his foe.

5.    In the sentence “Have you ever read Shakespeare?” which form of figure of speech is used?__A___

       A.Metonymy  B.Synaestheasia  C. Synecdoche    DAnalogy

6.    Syllepsis is different from zeugma. Syllepsis is a figure of speech in which a word brings together two or more than two constructions while zeugma is the yoking of _______to ____D____that does not apply equally to both.

       A. a single word, two words             B. two or more than two words, a single word

       C. two or more than two words, two words    D. two words, a single word

7.    Understatement is a figure of speech which deliberately expresses an idea ___B____.

       A. exaggerated    B.weakly       C. high-flown       D. magniloquent

8.    Which doesn’t use euphemism?____A_____

       A. The girl is really mad.     B. His father passed away last week.

       C. He is a slow learner.             D. She looks like a senior citizen.

9.    Pleonasm uses ___C___ necessary to convey the idea.

       A. less than          B. as many as              C. more than        D. have no idea

10.  Zeugma is a kind of figure in which “a word is used to modify or govern two or more words although its use is grammatically or logically correct with ___D___.”

       A.more than two         B. three         C. two           D. only one

11.  There are mainly 5 forms of oxymoron, which is not true?__B___

       A. Adj.+ N      B. N+ Adv      C. Adv+ Adj   D. V. + Adv

12.  Whish sentence use the figure of paradox?__B___

       A. A damned saint, an honourable villain

       B. Benighted walks under the middyay sun.

       C. From which Verena knew that she believed her.

       D. I would my horse had the speed of your tongue.

13.  The clues of irony have three characteristics, which is wrong?__A___

       A. The form agrees with the content, or the surface meaning makes a sharp contrast with real meaning.

       B.  The form doesn’t agree with the content, or the surface meaning makes a sharp contrast with real meaning.

       C. There is a contrast between the tone and the content.

       D. Sometimes, the abnormal collocation of words is involves in irony.

14.  Pun can be classified into the following categories except __D___

       A. Homophnic      B. Homonyms      C. Homographs    D. homonymicpair

15. Which is not concersion?___A____

       A. This unfrequented place to find some ease, ease to the body some, none to the mind.

       B. Government of the people, by the people, and for the people.

       C. “I asmit that my tone is hard and sharp,” he told the judge. “ The struggle of my life has been hard and sharp.”

       D. If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong.

16. Identify the figures of speech.”She she floods of tears.”__C__
       A.understatement              B. euphemism      C. hyperbole        D. antonomasia

17. In the use of antonomasia, “foggy bottom” means ___A____

       A. U.S State Department    B. U.S Defense Department

       C. the United States           D. the British press

18. A periodic sentence in a strict sense is one that saves its main clause to __C__.

       A. the front   B. the middle        C.the end      D. no idea

19. Which doesn’t use the figure of assonance?__D___

       A. I kissed the ere I killed thee.

       B. Little strokes fell great oaks.

       C. While the morality of our mission was clear, the legality was not.

       D, Brelin had a puff and huff too many.

20. Which figure of speech is used in the sentence “ O, Wind, if winter comes, can spring be far behind?”___A___

       A. Rhetoric Question  B. Ridicule    C. Staire        D. Irony

Ⅱ.Blank filling.(1’×20)

1.There are four types of sentences in English : ____simple___,___compound____,____complex_____,____compound-complex__.

2. As a rule, an allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: __a primary or surface meaning__, and __a secondary or under-the-surface meaning__.

3. Irony can be classified into two categories __antiphrases__ and __situation irony__.

4. Represented speech can be classified into two categories: __free indirect speech__ and __free direct speech__.

5. In structure parallelism can be classified into four categories: __formed of a series of words__, __formed of a group of phrases__, __formed of a row of clauses__, __formed of a series of sentences__.

6. Besides personification, there are __plantification__, __animalification__, abification, reification, deification.

7. From metaphor derive several kinds of figures such as sustained __metaphor__, extended metaphor, __dead metaphor__, and __mixed metaphor__.

Ⅲ.Judgement of whether the statement are true or false. (2’ × 10)

1.    A pun doesn’t rely on metaphorical or figurative meanings of words for its effect. (F)

2.    Parallel structure, that is using the same grammatical structure for all items that have different functions, is the chief component of the balanced sentence. (F)

3.    Hyperbole maybe used for intensification of feeling or emotion; for elevation to heric or mythical status and for humour or ridicule. (T)

4.    In the figure of antonomasia “Uncle Sam” is used for the USA. (F)

5.    In the sentence “ O, my love is like a red, red rose.” Personification is used. (F)

6.    Pun is often used in stories, jokes, riddles, etc. (T)

7.    Tongue twisters refer to the use of numerous alliterations or words, which sound alike in a sentence or a poem.

8.    Satire is the sharpest ridicule. (F)

9.    The basis of anticlimax is the principle that the higher the thought increases in importance , the higher the force of the ridicule or satire or humor.

10. Understatements have relatively set expressions and are used to avoid taboo or offence out of courtesy, whereas euphemisms have no set expressions and are used in a wider range. (F)

Ⅳ. Analysis. (10 ‘ + 15’ +15’)

1.    What’s the function of hyperbole?
It is usually emplyed by the use of numerals, adjectives, adverbs, prepositional phrases , by maximizing the meaning of words , by converting negative words into positive ones, or by being used together with other figures.

2.  Analysis the two passages:

⑴ Beauty is but a vain and doubtful good;

   A shining gloss that fadeth suddenly;

   A flower that dies when first it begins to bud;

   A brittle glass that’s broken presently…

Analysis: In the passage the writer use the figure of sustained metaphor. It is a perfectly legitimate and frequently powerful device of poetic expression. With the using of metaphor, the writer can describe things more proper and vividly.

⑵ If music be the food of love, play on;

   Give me excess of it, that surfeiting

   The appetite may sicken, and do die,

   That strain again! It had a dying fall;

   O, it came o’er my ear like the sweet sound

   That breathes upon a bank of violets,

   Stealing and giving odour.

Analysis: In this passage, synaesthesia is used by the writer. Synaesthesia is a form of semantic change in which there is transference between two different senses or a synthesis of two or more sensory impreesion. In this passage, we can “taste” the “sound”. With this method, we can deeply understand the writer’s feelings.