I. Multiply choice

1.       Whether speaking or writing, one has to get oneself. Across effectively, i.e. to be eloquent, _______, impressive, persuasive and expressive.

A .accurate                 B. effective                C. linguistic                D. technical

2.       The first book on rhetoric in English appeared in _______.

A.1522                          B.1523                        C.1524                        D.1525

3.        “He is as stubborn as a mute.” Indentified the figures of speech.

A. personification               B. metonymy          C. simile                  D. analogy

4.       Metaphors can be divided into two categories: the ________ and the _________.

A. linguistic and non-linguistic                          B. rhetoric and stylistics                                             C. literal and figurative                                D. visible and invisible.

5.       “Her eyes were small blue circles of ice.” Identify the figure of speech.

A.Simile                                 B.Metonymy                      C.Zoosemy                D.Metaphor

6.        “a sweet voice”. Indentify the figure of speech.

A. Synaesthesia                 B. Hypallage                       C. Simile                     D. Metonymy

7.       I haven’t seen you for ages.” Identify the figure of speech.

A. Understatement           B. Hyperbole                      C. Simile                     D. Hypallage

9.  In modern English, syllepsis is widely used. Its usage may be summarized as follows, except________

A. A verb (or phrasal verb) governs two nouns (or noun phrases) and forms a natural collocation.

B. An adjective modifies two adjectives.

C. Two subjects share one predicate.

D. One preposition takes two more objects.

10. Benjamin Franklin:”if we don’t hang together, we shall most assuredly hang separately.” Identify the figure of speech.

         A. syllepsis                 B.simile                      C. hypallage              D. zoosemy

11.  The rhetorical functions of oxymoron can be summarized as follows except_______

A. for sharp contrast                 B. for emphasis                 C. for summarizing           D. for irony

12.   Who pays more attention to the metaphor?

         A. I. A. Richards       B. Kenneth Burke     C. Richard M. Weaver      D. Chaim Perelman

13. Who wrote these representative works Ideas Have Consequences, The Ethics of Rhetoric, and Composition?

         A. I. A. Richards       B. Kenneth Burke     C. Richard M. Weaver      D. Chaim Perelman

14. There are 4 levels in English rherotical activity? What is wrong as follow?

         A. word                       B. sentence               C. paragraph                      D. context

15. Who is the author of Rhetoric?

         A. Aristotle                B. I. A. Richards       C. Kenneth Burke              D. Richard M. Weaver

II. Filling the blanks with proper words.

1.       Such factors, to a certain extent, may be classified into linguistic factors and non-linguistic ones.

2.  It is generally held that the history of western rhetoric is divided into 6 phases.

3.  It was written by Leonard Cox and entitled Arte or Crafte of Rhetoryke.

8.       4.  Present-day western rhetoric, as it is, consists of two sub-branches, namely, rhetoric and stylistics.

 

5.  Most of the figures of speech are based on resemblance in image.

6.  A simile is the most frequently used rhetoric device, it can be classified into three kinds, namely, the Descriptive, the Illustrative, and the Illuminative.

7.  Metaphor is the basic figure in poetry; it is usually implicit whereas in a simile it is explicit.

8.  All metaphors and similes are based on analogy.

9.  In a list of the more familiar examples of synecdoche, we are likely to come cross in our reading: the part for the whole and the whole for the part.

10. Euphemisms are mild, pleasant, neutral, or inoffensive expressions used instead of harsh, blunt, coarse, or unpleasant ones.

11. Hyperbole may be used for intensification of feeling or emotion; for elevation to heroic mythical status and for humour or ridicule. It is the opposite of understatement.

12. Repetition in writing can be divided into immediate repetition and intermittent repetition.

13. Syllepsis refers to “the use of any part of speech comparably related to two other words or phases, correctly with respect to each taken separately, as to both syntax and meaning, but in different ways, so as to produce a witty effect.

13. In structure parallelism can be classified into four categories: formed of a series of words, formed of a group of phrases, formed of a row of clauses, formed of a series of sentence.

14. Represented speech can be classified into two categories: free indirect speech and free direct speech.

15. Rhetorical question is an effective rhetorical device which may be used not only to achieve emphasis but also to make transition.

16. “Little does he know how much suffering he has caused.” Identify the figure of speech: inversion

17.  Alliteration is a figure of speech in which consonants, especially at the beginning of words, or stressed syllables, are repeated.

18. The representative work of I. A. Richards is the philosophy of rhetoric.

19. Richards and Ogden have a deep explanation of the meaning of words.

20. What’s the relationship between the symbol and the object?  Conventional

21. Language is endowed with the nature of metaphor. Who put forward the viewpoint? I. A. Richards

22. “The Oxford Movement is spent wave”,” Oxford Movement” is tenor, “spent wave” is vehicle.

23. What is the beginning, the continuous and end of the theory of rhetoric of Kenneth burke? Motivation

24. Aristotle is a great man who had a huge contribution to the theory of rhetoric.

25. The first systemic rhetoric masterpiece in Europe is Rhetoric.

III. Judgment

1.       “He is a bookworm.” Is this an example of Zoosemy?                                                    (  Y  )

2.       “He is a wolf in sheep’s clothing.” Is this an example of simile?                                  (  N  )

3.       “Solomon----a wise man” is an example of Anotonomasia?                                          (  Y  )

4.       The difference between zeugma and syllepsis: in syllepsis both (sometimes more than two) of the collocations are grammatically correct while in zeugma there is at least one collocation which is improper.                                                                                                         (  Y  )

5.       Oxymoron is a kind of flexible employment of antonyms or quasiantonyms.  (  Y  )

6.       “More haste, less speed” is this an example of paradox?                                             (  Y  )

7.       Pun can be classified into three categories: homophonic, homonyms, homographs.                                                                                                                                                                     (  Y  )

8.       “The weatherman said it would be warm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.” Is this an example of innuendo?                                                                                                     (  Y  )

9.       Richards and Ogden quoted the analysis model from symbologist C. S. Peirce.      (  Y  )

10.   Some of the basic concepts of I. A. rishards, such as the purpose of speaking, the context of meaning, the abstract process and the important effect on metaphor, come from The Philosophy of Rhetoric.                                                                                                 (  Y  )

11.   The key to the rhetoric of word is appropriateness, accuracy, and coherence.       (  N  )

12.   The source of western rhetoric is classical rhetoric.                                                       (  Y  )

IV. Rewrite the following sentence in plain language.

1.       He was all eyes.

He was watching attentively.

2.       The girl is hard of hearing.

The girl is a deaf.

3.       Your grammar is not particularly good.

Your grammar is a little poor.

4.       I’d give the world to see her.

I want to see her very much.

5.       The waves ran mountain-high.

The waves went up very high.

6.       There’s no laughing matter.

That’s a serious matter.

V.

i. Read the following text, and find the figures of speech used in it.

Rowena…requested Rebecca to ride by her side.

“It were not fit I should do so,” answered Rebecca, with proud humility, “where my society might be held a disgrace to my protectress.                            -----Walter Scott: Ivanhoe

In this example, proud humility reveals the contradiction that Rebecca was low in her social status, but she was very proud, and simultaneously describes her attitude, which was neither humble nor arrogant when she declined the invitation.

ii. Find the parallelism or balanced sentences in the following selections:

The phrase “a law nature” is probably rarer in modern scientific writing than was the case some generations ago. This is partly due to a very natural objection to the use of the word “law” in two different senses. Human societies have laws…. So for us a human law is something which is valid only over a certain number of people for a certain period of time.

Laws of nature, however, are not commands but statements of facts. The use the same word is unfortunate. It would be better to speak of uniformities of nature. This would do away with the elementary fallacy that a law implies a law-giver. Incidentally, it might just as well imply a parliament or soviet of atoms but the difference between the two uses of the word is fundamental. ------J.B.S. Haldane

In the second paragraph of the above passage, the fourth and the fifth sentences relate to an analogy which did not appear openly in words. This analogy involves the theists’ idea, to which the author disagrees and which the author takes us a fallacy. The argument and the implied analogy of the theists are: the theist believes that the word “law” implies a law-giver. Human societies have laws and we know that kings and prophets make these. Nature also has laws, and so there must be someone who made these laws. That “someone” is God. The writer disagrees with this argument. He points out; first of all, the human laws are quite different from nature’s laws. Since wickedness or folly or evil has been objective social facts, satire has been in literature.