关于“固溶处理”以及“均匀化退火”
(2010-07-09 09:13:33)
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杂谈 |
涉及到铝合金热处理工艺过程是时,可以看到很多的名词、说法。固溶处理、均匀化退火、均匀化处理、均匀化热处理、均匀化。最清晰的概念是:固溶处理;凡带有“均匀”两字的概念,显得比较模糊。在翻译成对应的英语词汇,也存在这样的现象。
在GB/T 12603-2005 金属热处理工艺分类及代号(Classifications and designations for metal heat treatment)中,在整体热处理中,包括:退火、正火、淬火、淬火和回火、调质、稳定化处理、固溶处理;水韧处理、固溶处理+时效。对于退火工艺更具体条件更细化分类的话,其中包括有:均匀化退火。
在A941-09 Termninology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys中,“固溶处理”一词是:solution heat treatment;这从其简单的名词解释可知。
solution heat treatment, n—heating a steel object to a suitable temperature, holding it at that temperature long enough to cause one or more constituents to enter into solid solution, and then cooling it rapidly enough to hold such constituents in solution.
均匀化退火(homogenizing)
homogenizing, n—holding a steel object at high temperature to eliminate or decrease chemical segregation by diffusion.(没有涉及冷却方式的叙述)
annealing, n—a generic term covering any of several heat treatments.
DISCUSSION—This treatment is used for purposes such as reducing hardness, improving machinability, facilitating cold working, producing a desired microstructure, or obtaining desired mechanical, physical, or other properties. Where applicable, it is preferred that the following more specific terms be used: box annealing, bright annealing, flame annealing, full annealing, graphitization annealing, intermediate annealing, isothermal annealing, process annealing, recrystallization annealing, spheroidizing, and subcritical annealing. The term “annealing,” without qualification, implies full annealing. Any process of annealing will usually reduce stresses; however, if the treatment is applied for the sole purpose of stress reduction, it should be designated stress relieving.
在这个http://baike.sososteel.com/doc/view/45258.html地址,固溶处理一词的英文是准确的:固溶处理(solution heat treatment)。
在中国期刊全文库中,以“固溶处理”作为“篇名”的,且英文正确表述为solution heat treatment的,只有37条。(检索时间2010-7-7)。表述为solid solution treatment的,有34条。表述为solution treatment的196条。
GB/T 7232-1999金属热处理工艺术语(Terminology of metal heat treatment)中,对于均匀化退火、固溶处理、退火的表述是:
3.9 均匀化退火homogenizing,diffusion annealing(扩散退火)
以减少工件化学成分和组织的不均匀程度为主要目的,将其加热到高温并长时间保温,然后缓慢冷却的退火(特别强调了“缓慢冷却”这一冷却方式)。
6.1 固溶处理solution treatment
工件加热至适当温度并保温,使过剩相充分溶解,然后快速冷却以获得过饱和固溶体的热处理工艺。
3.1
工件加热到适当温度,保持一定时间,然后缓慢冷却的热处理工艺。