【语法结构】A is to B as X is to Y；A is to B what X is to Y

                                                                         转自佳中英语园地

 

●  这是两个表示比拟的特殊句型，as 和 what 用作连接词，引导从句，主句在前，意为 “A之于 B 犹如 X

    之于Y”。这两个句型用法相似，可以换用。例句：

 

    1）Leaves is to the plant as lungs are to the animal. 

       Leaves are to the plant what lungs are to the animal.

       叶之于植物犹如肺之于动物。

    2）The outline is to the writer as the blueprint is to builder.

       The outline is to the writer what the blueprint is to builder.

       提纲之于作家，犹如蓝图之于建筑师。

 

●  这两个句型也可以从句置前，主句置后， 但结构需调整为：

            As is X to Y，so A is to B

           What is X to Y, that A is to B

       或

            As is X to Y，so is A to B

           What is X to Y, that is A to B

 

    1）Reading is to the mind as exercise is to the body.

       As exercse is to the body, so reading is to the mind.

       As exercse is to the body, so is reading to the mind.

       读书对于思想，好比运动对于身体一样重要。

    2）The man who cannot be trusted is to society what a bit of rotten timber is to a house.

       What a bit of rotten timber is to a house, that the man who cannot be trusted is to

       society.

       What a bit of rotten timber is to a house, that is the man who cannot be trusted to

       society.

       不能信任的人之于社会,犹如杇木人之于房子。

    3）The house is to the man what the nest is to the bird and the cave to the animal.

       What the nest to the bird and the cave to the animal, that the house is to the man.

       What the nest to the bird and the cave to the animal, that is the house to the man.

       室之于人，犹巢人之鸟，穴人之圭兽。

 

●  这种比拟句其实还有一些异型，我还见过下列表达法。

 

    A)  A is that to B which is X to Y

 

        Intellect is to the mind what sight to the body.

        Intellect is that to the mind which is sight to the body.

        智力之于大脑，犹如视力之于躯体。

   

    B)  A does that for B what / as X does does for Y

 

        Leaves is to the plant what / as lungs are to the animal.

        Leaves do for plants what / as lungs to for animals.

        叶子对于植物的作用，正如肺对于动物的作用一样。

 

    C)  A does that for B which X does for Y

 

        Railways are to a country what blood vessels are to a man/s body.

        Railways do that for a country which blood vessels do for a man’s body.

        铁路之于一个国家，犹如血管之于人的身体。

 

●   更多例句：

 【语法结构】A is to B as X is to Y ；A is to B what X is to Y (2011-09-22 10:19:06)转载▼

标签： 杂谈 分类： 语法结构

【语法结构】A is to B as X is to Y；A is to B what X is to Y

                                                                         佳中

 

●  这是两个表示比拟的特殊句型，as 和 what 用作连接词，引导从句，主句在前，意为 “A之于 B 犹如 X

    之于Y”。这两个句型用法相似，可以换用。例句：

 

    1）Leaves is to the plant as lungs are to the animal. 

       Leaves are to the plant what lungs are to the animal.

       叶之于植物犹如肺之于动物。

    2）The outline is to the writer as the blueprint is to builder.

       The outline is to the writer what the blueprint is to builder.

       提纲之于作家，犹如蓝图之于建筑师。

 

●  这两个句型也可以从句置前，主句置后， 但结构需调整为：

            As is X to Y，so A is to B

           What is X to Y, that A is to B

       或

            As is X to Y，so is A to B

           What is X to Y, that is A to B

 

    1）Reading is to the mind as exercise is to the body.

       As exercse is to the body, so reading is to the mind.

       As exercse is to the body, so is reading to the mind.

       读书对于思想，好比运动对于身体一样重要。

    2）The man who cannot be trusted is to society what a bit of rotten timber is to a house.

       What a bit of rotten timber is to a house, that the man who cannot be trusted is to

       society.

       What a bit of rotten timber is to a house, that is the man who cannot be trusted to

       society.

       不能信任的人之于社会,犹如杇木人之于房子。

    3）The house is to the man what the nest is to the bird and the cave to the animal.

       What the nest to the bird and the cave to the animal, that the house is to the man.

       What the nest to the bird and the cave to the animal, that is the house to the man.

       室之于人，犹巢人之鸟，穴人之圭兽。

 

●  这种比拟句其实还有一些异型，我还见过下列表达法。

 

    A)  A is that to B which is X to Y

 

        Intellect is to the mind what sight to the body.

        Intellect is that to the mind which is sight to the body.

        智力之于大脑，犹如视力之于躯体。

   

    B)  A does that for B what / as X does does for Y

 

        Leaves is to the plant what / as lungs are to the animal.

        Leaves do for plants what / as lungs to for animals.

        叶子对于植物的作用，正如肺对于动物的作用一样。

 

    C)  A does that for B which X does for Y

 

        Railways are to a country what blood vessels are to a man/s body.

        Railways do that for a country which blood vessels do for a man’s body.

        铁路之于一个国家，犹如血管之于人的身体。

 

●   更多例句：

 

     1)  As the microscope is to a bacteriologist, so the telescope is to an astronamer.   天文

         望远镜对于天文学家犹如显微镜对于细菌学家一样重要。

     2）The people is to the people’s army as water is to fish.     人民军队离不开人民，就象鱼

        儿离不开水。

     3）Coal is to industry what the hart is to the body.    煤对于工业的关系，犹如心脏对于人体

        一样。

     4）Carbohydrates are to the body what petrol is to a car.   碳水化合物对于人体来说，如同汽

        油对于汽车一样重，要

     5）What salt is to food, that wit and humour are to conversation and literature.    妙语与

        幽默对会话和文学，恰似盐对于食物一样。

     6）What Newton was to mechanics and Darwin to bioldoy, that Freud was to psychology.  弗洛

        伊德对于心理学的关系，正像牛顿对于力学，达尔文对于生物学的关系一样。

       

     1)  As the microscope is to a bacteriologist, so the telescope is to an astronamer.   天文

         望远镜对于天文学家犹如显微镜对于细菌学家一样重要。

     2）The people is to the people’s army as water is to fish.     人民军队离不开人民，就象鱼

        儿离不开水。

     3）Coal is to industry what the hart is to the body.    煤对于工业的关系，犹如心脏对于人体

        一样。

     4）Carbohydrates are to the body what petrol is to a car.   碳水化合物对于人体来说，如同汽

        油对于汽车一样重，要

     5）What salt is to food, that wit and humour are to conversation and literature.    妙语与

        幽默对会话和文学，恰似盐对于食物一样。

     6）What Newton was to mechanics and Darwin to bioldoy, that Freud was to psychology.  弗洛

        伊德对于心理学的关系，正像牛顿对于力学，达尔文对于生物学的关系一样。