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http://qinqianshan.com/python/py_module/matplotlib/

1，创建一个可以点的按钮

>>> def hello():

         print('hello there')

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> btn=Button(tk,text="click me",command=hello)

>>> btn.pack()

 

2，创建一个画布

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> canvas=Canvas(tk,width=500,height=500)

>>> canvas.pack()

 

3，画一条直线

像素为500*500时，右下角为（500,500）

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> canvas=Canvas(tk,width=500,height=500)

>>> canvas.pack()

>>> canvas.create_line(0,0,500,500)

 

4，用turtle来做上面的图

>>> import turtle

>>> turtle.setup(width=500,height=500)

>>> t=t=turtle.Pen()

>>> t.up()

>>> t.goto(-250,-50)

>>> t.down()

>>> t.goto(500,-500)

 

5，画矩形

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

>>> canvas.pack()

>>> canvas.create_rectangle(10,10,50,50)

#（10,10）代表这个方形的左上角，（50,50）代表方形的右下角

 

画许多矩形

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> import random

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

>>> canvas.pack()   

>>> def random_rectangle(width,height):

         x1=random.randrange(width)

         y1=random.randrange(height)

         x2=x1+random.randrange(width)

         y2=y1+random.randrange(height)

         canvas.create_rectangle(x1,y1,x2,y2)

 

>>> for x in range(0,100):

         random_rectangle(400,400)

 

6，设置颜色

from tkinter import *

import random

tk=Tk()

canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

canvas.pack() 

def random_rectangle(width,height,fill_color):

         x1=random.randrange(width)

         y1=random.randrange(height)

         x2=x1+random.randrange(width)

         y2=y1+random.randrange(height)

         canvas.create_rectangle(x1,y1,x2,y2,fill=fill_color)

>>> random_rectangle(400,400,'green')

>>> random_rectangle(400,400,'red')

 

颜色也可以这样来表示

>>> random_rectangle(400,400,'#ffd800')

#ffd800表示十六进制

 

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> colorchooser.askcolor()

选择一个颜色，按确定，就会出现颜色的的编号

((67.26171875, 170.6640625, 188.734375), '#43aabc')

 

>>> c=colorchooser.askcolor()

>>> random_rectangle(400,400,c[1])

也可以选择一种颜色，保存到一个变量里面

 

7，画弧形

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

>>> canvas.pack()

>>> canvas.create_arc(10,10,200,100,extent=180,style=ARC)

   extent代表弧度

 

8，画多边形

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

>>> canvas.pack()

>>> canvas.create_polygon(10,10,100,10,100,110,fill="",outline="black")

每两个数字构成一个点的坐标，然后依次画过去

 

>>> canvas.create_polygon(200,10,240,30,120,100,140,120,fill="",outline="black")

 

9，显示文字

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

>>> canvas.pack()

>>> canvas.create_text(150,100,text='there once was a man from Toulouse')

>>> canvas.create_text(130,120,text='there once was a man from Toulouse',fill='red')

>>> canvas.create_text(150,150,text='there once was a man from Toulouse',fill='red',font=('Times',25))

注：font后字体以及大小

 

10，显示图片

>>> from tkinter import *

>>> tk=Tk()

>>> canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

>>> canvas.pack()

>>> my_image=PhotoImage(file='E:\\py\\111.gif')

>>> canvas.create_image(0,0,anchor=NW,image=my_image)

注：tkinter 只能装入gif图片，anchor=NW,NW为左上角northwest,作为图片的起点

 

11，创建基本的动画

import time

from tkinter import *

tk=Tk()

canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=200)

canvas.pack()

canvas.create_polygon(10,10,10,60,50,35)

for x in range(0,60):

    canvas.move(1,5,0)

    tk.update()

    time.sleep(0.05)

注：canvas.move(1,5,0) 其中1代表代表打印出来的那个多边形，5,0分别代表横纵坐标，tk.update()代表重新作图，

 

用enter键来控制图形的移动

from tkinter import *

tk=Tk()

canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

canvas.pack()

canvas.create_polygon(10,10,10,60,50,35)

def movetriangle(event):

    canvas.move(1,5,0)

canvas.bind_all('< KeyPress-Return>',movetriangle)

 

使用上下左右来调动图形

from tkinter import *

tk=Tk()

canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

canvas.pack()

canvas.create_polygon(10,10,10,60,50,35)

def movetriangle(event):

    if event.keysym=='Up':

        canvas.move(1,0,-3)

    elif event.keysym=='Down':

        canvas.move(1,0,3)

    elif event.keysym=='Left':

        canvas.move(1,-3,0)

    else:

        canvas.move(1,3,0)

canvas.bind_all('< KeyPress-Up>',movetriangle)

canvas.bind_all('< KeyPress-Down>',movetriangle)

canvas.bind_all('< KeyPress-Left>',movetriangle)

canvas.bind_all('< KeyPress-Right>',movetriangle)

 

12多个ID

只要用了以create开头的函数，例如create_polygon或者create_ractangle等等，它总会返回一个ID,这个识别编号可以在其他画布的函数中使用,同时我们也可以把图形保存在一个变量里面

from tkinter import *

tk=Tk()

canvas=Canvas(tk,width=400,height=400)

canvas.pack()

mytriangle=canvas.create_polygon(10,10,10,60,50,35)

canvas.move(mytriangle,5,0)

 

canvas.itemconfig(mytriangle,fill='blue')

canvas.itemconfig(mytriangle,outline='red')

 

参考资料：

《趣学python编程》