写在文章之前：为什么那么多的年轻人不喜欢学校，为什么社会对那些刚刚走上社会的孩子们充满了抱怨？教育和实际工作的脱节不止在中国存在，在英国，也有同样的问题，但是有人在尝试改变，或许能为我们打开一扇窗…
 

在TED论坛（文末有TED论坛的介绍，向各位朋友强烈推荐）上看到了一个新的教学理念——工作室学校，在这里，老师和学生们将回到文艺复兴时期，把工作和教学融合在一起帮助孩子们成长为对社会有用的人，可喜的是：两年之后，那些原来的差等生升为优等生。不管这是不是适合中国国情，至少能让我们多一个选择：
http://www.ted.com/talks/geoff_mulgan_a_short_intro_to_the_studio_school.html

看英文吃力的朋友可以参考我的译文，本来想做成带中文字幕的视频文件和大家分享，但工作太忙，业余翻译，请大家见谅。在新浪的公开课里有专门的TED课堂，只是这篇还没有翻译出来，我这也算是抢鲜吧http://www/uc/myshow/blog/misc/gif/E___6751EN00SIGG.gif

演讲人介绍：
Geoff Mulgan

                      http://s2/small/66a340d2gae609d14f501&690  http://s7/small/66a340d2gae609f1a8aa6&690

Geoff Mulgan is director of the Young Foundation, a center for social innovation, social enterprise and public policy with a 50-year history of creating new organisations and pioneering ideas in fields as varied as aging, education, healthcare and poverty reduction.
Before the Young Foundation, Geoff Mulgan has held various roles in the UK government including director of the Government's Strategy Unit and head of policy in the Prime Minister's office, and he was the founder of the think-tank Demos. He is chairing a Carnegie Inquiry into the Future of Civil Society in the UK and Ireland. His most recent book is The Art of Public Strategy: Mobilising Power and Knowledge for the Common Good.
Geoff Mulgan是Young 基金理事，该基金组织是一个集合了创新、社会企业和公共政策的中心，已经有50年的历史，致力于创办新的组织，并在各个领域诸如老龄化，教育，健康和扶贫方面不断开拓。
在Young 基金之前，Geoff Mulgan曾在英国政府部门任职，包括政府战略单位主席，总理办公室政策主席，他还是智囊团（Think-tank） Demos的创始人。他曾任卡耐基英国及爱尔兰未来文明社会。他最新的一本书叫The Art of Public Strategy: Mobilising Power and Knowledge for the Common Good（《公共战略的艺术：调动普通事物的力量和知识》

以下是演讲内容：

What I want to talk about today is one idea. It's an idea for a new kind of school, which turns on its head much of our conventional thinking about what schools are for and how they work. And it might just be coming to a neighborhood near you soon. Where it comes from is an organization called the Young Foundation, which, over many decades, has come up with many innovations in education, like the Open University and things like extended schools, schools for social entrepreneurs, summer universities and the School of Everything.
今天我要讲的是一个想法,关于一种创新学校的想法,这个可能会颠覆我们传统的教育理念:学校是为什么而存在,学校应该怎样运作? 可能不久,它就会来到你的身边。 这个想法是来自Young 基金会，几十年来，这个组织发起了很多关于教育的创新理念，比如开放式大学，扩展式学校，社会企业人学校，夏令营大学（Summer University）和“全能大学”(School of Everything)

And about five years ago, we asked what was the most important need for innovation in schooling here in the U.K. And we felt the most important priority was to bring together two sets of problems. One was large numbers of bored teenagers who just didn't like school, couldn't see any relationship between what they learned in school and future jobs. And employers who kept complaining that the kids coming out of school weren't actually ready for real work, didn't have the right attitudes and experience.
大约在5年前，我们提出了这样的问题：在英国教学系统的创新中，我们最需要的是什么？我们认为最重要，也是最应该优先解决的有2个问题。一是大量的青少年不喜欢上学，他们看不到学校所学的和未来工作的联系。而雇佣者们却一直在抱怨那些从学校出来的孩子根本不够格做工作，他们没有正确的态度，也没有经验。

And so we try to ask: What kind of school would have the teenagers fighting to get in, not fighting to stay out? And after hundreds of conversations with teenagers and teachers and parents and employers and schools from Paraguay to Australia, and looking at some of the academic research, which showed the importance of what's now called non-cognitive skills -- the skills of motivation, resilience -- and that these are as important as the cognitive skills -- formal academic skills -- we came up with an answer, a very simple answer in a way, which we called the Studio School. And we called it a studio school to go back to the original idea in the Renaissance where work and learning are integrated. You work by learning, and you learn by working. And the design we came up with had the following characteristics.
于是我们就不禁要问：什么样的学校能让年轻人们喜欢上它，而不是努力想要摆脱？从巴拉圭到澳大利亚，我们和年轻人、老师、家长、企业雇主和学校工作者进行了几百次的谈话，我们也调查了非认知能力——包括激励，韧性——在一些学术研究中的重要性，而这些非认知能力和认知能力（学术能力）同等重要——这样，我们就得出答案，非常简单的答案——我们称之为工作室学校，这个称谓可以追溯到文艺复兴时期：那时学习和工作是融合在一起的.人们可以在学习中工作，在工作中学习。关于学校的设计，它应该拥有如下的特征。

First of all, we wanted small schools -- about 300, 400 pupils -- 14 to 19 year-olds, and critically, about 80 percent of the curriculum done not through sitting in classrooms, but through real-life, practical projects, working on commission to businesses, NGO's and others. That every pupil would have a coach, as well as teachers, who would have timetables much more like a work environment in a business. And all of this will be done within the public system, funded by public money, but independently run. And all at no extra cost, no selection, and allowing the pupils the route into university, even if many of them would want to become entrepreneurs and have manual jobs as well. Underlying it was some very simple ideas that large numbers of teenagers learn best by doing things, they learn best in teams and they learn best by doing things for real -- all the opposite of what mainstream schooling actually does.
首先，我们想要的是小规模学校——大概300-400个学生，年龄在14-19岁之间。关键是，80%的大纲内容都不是坐在教室里教授，而是通过实际生活、实践项目、由商务机构、非政府组织，及其他一些机构授权而实现的。每一位学生有一位讲师，一位教练，他们安排的上课时间更接近于真正的工作环境。而这一切都需要在公众系统中实现，有公共基金出资，但是独立运营。这里允许学生们不需要付出额外费用，不需要择优录取升入大学，即使那些想成为企业家的人也有自己的手工作业。这样的想法究其根本，是一个非常简单的观点：那就是大多数的年轻人在实践动手、团队合作中能达到最好的学习效果——这和当前的主流教学所做的是完全不同的。

Now that was a nice idea, so we moved into the rapid prototyping phase. We tried it out, first in Luton -- famous for its airport and not much else, I fear -- and in Blackpool -- famous for its beaches and leisure. And what we found -- and we got quite a lot of things wrong and then improved them -- but we found that the young people loved it. They found it much more motivational, much more exciting than traditional education. And perhaps most important of all, two years later when the exam results came through, the pupils who had been put on these field trials who were in the lowest performing groups had jumped right to the top -- in fact, pretty much at the top decile of performance in terms of GCSE's, which is the British marking system.
这是个很好的点子，所以我们正在快速地做一些试点。我们已经有所尝试，第一次尝试是在Luton——恐怕此地除了机场之外没有什么有名的（笑声），还有一个在Blackpool——因海滩和悠闲生活而出名。当然在试点的过程中我们也发现了错误并及时改进，但是年轻人们喜欢这一切。他们觉得这样的学校比传统学校更能激发自己，更让他们振奋。最重要的是，2年以后，考试结果出来，这些试点学校的学生，从原来的差等生升为优等生——他们在英国考试GCSE（英国普通中等教育证书General Certificate of Secondary Education）中表现优异。

Now not surprisingly, that influenced some people to think we were onto something. The minister of education down south in London described himself as a "big fan." And the business organizations thought we were onto something in terms of a way of preparing children much better for real-life work today. And indeed, the head of the Chambers of Commerce is now the chairman of the Studio Schools Trust and helping it, not just with big businesses, but small businesses all over the country.
现在，无需惊奇，这样的事实开始影响一些人，他们相信我们已有所进展。伦敦南部的教育部长称他自己就是工作室学校的一个超级粉丝。商业机构也相信我们已有所进展——这样的方法培养出来的孩子能对未来的工作有足够的准备。事实确实如此，商会头头现在已经是工作室学校信托机构的主席，以帮助其发展，从而帮助全国的大小企业。

We started with two schools. That's grown this year to about 10. And next year, we're expecting about 35 schools open across England, and another 40 areas want to have their own schools opening -- a pretty rapid spread of this idea. Interestingly, it's happened almost entirely without media coverage. It's happened almost entirely without big money behind it. It spread almost entirely through word of mouth, virally, across teachers, parents, people involved in education. And it spread because of the power of an idea -- so the very, very simple idea about turning education on its head and putting the things which were marginal, things like working in teams, doing practical projects, and putting them right at the heart of learning, rather than on the edges.
我们从两个学校起步，今年将有10个这样的学校。明年，我们计划全英格兰开设35个，而还有其他40个地区希望开设他们自己的学校——这个想法已经迅速传播开来。有趣的是，这样的发展几乎没有依靠任何媒体宣传,也没有大批的资金支持，仅有的是口口相传，传播者中有老师、家长、教育工作者。它能广为传播,源于这个观点本身的力量——就是这样一个简单而实际的观点颠覆了传统的教育。我们把原来认为是无足轻重的东西,比如团队工作,实践项目置于学习看的核心位置,而不是作为辅助性的位置。

Now there's a whole set of new schools opening up this autumn. This is one from Yorkshire where, in fact, my nephew, I hope, will be able to attend it. And this one is focused on creative and media industries. Other ones have a focus on health care, tourism, engineering and other fields.
今秋将会有新的一批学校开学。这是来自Yorkshire的一所学校，事实上，我希望我的小侄子能加入这所学校。这所学校专注于创新和媒体业。其他一些会专注于健康，旅游，工程和其他领域。

We think we're onto something. It's not perfect yet, but we think this is one idea which can transform the lives of thousands, possibly millions, of teenagers who are really bored by schooling. It doesn't animate them. They're not like all of you who can sit in rows and hear things said to you for hour after hour. They want to do things, they want to get their hands dirty, they want education to be for real. And my hope is that some of you out there may be able to help us.
我们认为我们正在朝着正确的方向走。也许现在并不完美，但是我们认为，这个观点能转变成千，甚至上百万的年轻人。当前的教育让他们感到枯燥，不能激发年轻人。他们将不会像你们一样坐在成一排，花几个小时的时间聆听。他们想做点事情，他们想动手，他们希望教育能更加实际。我希望在座的各位中也有人能帮助我们。

We feel we're on the beginning of a journey of experiment and improvement to turn the Studio School idea into something which is present, not as a universal answer for every child, but at least as an answer for some children in every part of the world. And I hope that a few of you at least can help us make that happen.
我们才刚刚起步，做一些尝试，我们将对这个想法不断改进，并付诸实践。或许这不适用于每个孩子，但至少在世界的每个角落都有这样的孩子需要这样的教育。我希望至少,在座的各位中能有人帮助我们来实现。

Thank you very much.
谢谢！

（结束）

TED论坛： 一个非盈利组织，是Technology，Entertainment， Design的缩写，每年该组织都会邀请全球各个领域的专家，爱好者将自己所从事的事业用简短、幽默、轻松活泼的方式展现给大众，所有的演讲都是自愿免费的。最重要的是，这些演讲人都深深的热爱着自己所做的一切，他们中有涂鸦爱好者、Google 的技术牛人、社会活动家、艾滋病志愿者、企鹅拯救者、民间艺术家等等。TED的每个演讲不超18分钟，TED的风格绝不是长篇大论，高深莫测，每一个演讲都是深入浅出，或激发你的灵感，或让你感动，或让你开怀大笑。你可以不关心演讲者所从事的领域，但你一定会喜欢他们的演讲风格，希望有一天，我们中有人也可以走上TED的论坛…

附注： 有Ipad的朋友可以在App store 下载免费的TED视频观看程序，TED+SUB, 可以在线观看，也可以下载后离线看。