肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的详解

一、be动词：am, is, are

二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义

1．肯定句：表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定词“不”。

比如：我是一个学生 I am a student.

      他去上学     He goes to school.

2．否定句：表示否定的意思。

比如：我不是一个男孩。 I am not a boy

      他不去上学     He does not go to school.

3. 一般疑问句：回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。

比如：你是一个学生吗？ Are you a student?

      你喜欢英语吗？   Do you like English?

4. 特殊疑问句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句，根据提问内容具体回答。

比如：现在几点了？ What’s the time?

      哪一支笔是你的？ Which is your pen?

 

三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换

有am, is, are的句子，

肯定句变否定句：在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。

肯定句变一般疑问句：把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄。

肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤

第一步：先变一般疑问句

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。

注意：1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是，如果问的是主语或主语的定语时，语序不变，

为"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。

如：Li ming 's not here today.　　Who's not here today? 今天谁没来？

    

2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。

when 什么时间（问时间）	what date 什么日期 问具体日期
who 谁（问人）	what place什么地点问具体地址
whose 谁的 问主人	how …怎么样 问情况
where 在哪里 问地点	how old 多大 问年龄
which 哪一个 问选择	how many 多少 问数量
why 为什么 问原因	how much 多少 问价钱
what 什么 问东西	how about …怎么样 问意见
what time 什么时间 问时间	how far  多远 问路程
what colour 什么颜色 问颜色	how long  多长 问时间
what about…怎么样 问意见	How soon  多快，多久 问时间
what day 星期几 问星期	How often多久 问频率

 

例如：

1．  肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换

肯定句：This is a book.

否定句：This is not a book.

一般疑问句：Is this a book?

肯定回答：Yes, it is.

否定回答：No, it isn’t.

2．  就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句)

This is a book.

第一步：变一般疑问句 Is this a book?

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。What is this?

没有am, is, are的句子，

肯定句变否定句：在主语后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形

肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意：动词用原形

肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤

第一步：先变一般疑问句

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。

注意：1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是，如果问的是主语或主语的定语时，语序不变，为"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。     

2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。

非单三时用do, 单三时用does

非单三  肯定句：I like English.

一般疑问句：Do you like English?

否定句：I do not like English.

单三    肯定句：He likes English.

一般疑问句：Does he like English?

否定句：He does not like English.

就划线部分提问：I like English.

第一步：先变一般疑问句 Do you like English?

第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?

第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。

What do you like?

特殊：

1.some变为any。如：

　　　There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree.

　　　但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。如：

　　　 Would you like some orange juice?

　　　与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。

　　2.and变为or。如：

　　　I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler.

　　3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如：

　　　They have a lot of friends.（可数名词）→They don't have many friends.

　　　There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可数名词）

　　　 →There isn't much orange in the bottle.

　　4.already变为yet。如：

　　　I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.

 

将下列句子改成一般疑问句：

 

1.   It is a lovely dog.­­­­­­­­­­­­________________________________________

 

2.   She is lovely girl.________________________________________

 

3.   He is my father._________________________________________

 

4.   They are Lily’s cousins. ___________________________________

 

5.   We are classmates. ______________________________________

 

6.    I am a doctor. ________________________________________

 

7.   There is a bird in the tree. ________________________________

 

8.   There are many stars in the sky. ____________________________

 

9.   They are good friends. ____________________________________

 

10. I love my parents. _______________________________________

 

11. I play computer games every night. _________________________

 

12. There are many books on the shelf. __________________________

 

13. There is an ostrich in the zoo. _______________________________

 

14. We have a pleasant home. __________________________________

 

15. We like to climb the mountain. ______________________________

 

16. They go to church on Sunday. ______________________________

 

17. They walk to school every morning. __________________________

 

18. It is a beautiful park. ______________________________

 

19. It is a big map. ______________________________

 

20. You are a singer. ______________________________

用do does be 填空 

 

1> _____ she know all the answers ?

 

   Yes , she ____ . No, she _____.

 

2> _____ the twins often fight ?

 

    Yes ,_____ do. No, _____ don’t.

 

3> _____ your dad like listening to music?

 

   Yes ,____ does .  No, _____ doesn’t.

 

4>_____ uncle Tom wash his car everyday?

 

   Yes , ____ does . No, ____ doesn’t.

 

5> _____ you have a new teacher? 

 

   Yes , I ______. No, I ______.

 

6>_____ she a teacher?  

 

   Yes, she _____ .  No, she _____.

 

7> ______ you playing ball now?

 

   Yes, I ______. No, I  ______.

 

8> ______ the pig like to sleep?

 

   Yes, it ______. No, it _____.

 

9> ______ five birds flying in the sky?

 

   Yes, they _____ .No, ____ aren’t.

 

10> _____ your father smoking in the living room?

 

   Yes, ____ is .No, he _____.

I.对画线部分提问、

1．  They bought a new bike yesterday.

____________________________________________________

2．  She is a nurse .

____________________________________________________

3．  She is my teacher.

____________________________________________________

4．  He bought the red one .

____________________________________________________

5．  It is my coat .

____________________________________________________

6．  I am looking for my sister .

____________________________________________________

7．  I get up at six .

____________________________________________________

8．  I am from Hubei .

____________________________________________________

9．  I went to school late because I got up late.

____________________________________________________

10. It is windy .

   _____________________________________________________

11. I am getting on well with it.

   _____________________________________________________

12. My bag is red .

   ______________________________________________________

13. The book is Li Hua’s.

   ______________________________________________________

14. I like math best.

   ______________________________________________________

15. They are five yuan .

   ______________________________________________________

16. I wash it twice a week .

   ______________________________________________________

17. He will be back in four days .

   ______________________________________________________

18. I didn’t come to class yesterday because I was ill .

   ______________________________________________________