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1. _____ is the driest city in New Zealand, receiving about 640 mm of rain per year.
[A] Wellington
[B] Auckland
[C] Christchurch
[D] Dunedin
2. The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in____.
[A] 1778.[B] 1783.[C] 1774.[D] 1787.
3. The oldest university in Britain is
_____.
[A] Sunday Times.[B] St. Andrews University.
[C] Oxford.[D] Edinburgh University.
4. _____ is the longest river in Wales.
[A] River Tywi
[B] River Bann
[C] River Clyde
[D] The Thames River
5. “I’m Nobody. Who Are You?” is a poem by _____ in the form of dramatic monologue.
[A] Ralph Waldo Emerson
[B] Emily Dickinson
[C] Edgar Allan Poe
[D] Robert Browning
6. A Red, Red Rose was written by
______.
[A] Alexandra Pop.[B] Robert Burns.
[C] William Blake.[D] John Keats.
7. The period from 1865—1914 has been referred to as the _____ in the literary history of the United States.
[A] Age of Realism[B] Age of Classicalism
[C] Age of Romanticism[D] Age of Renaissance
8. Which of the following is NOT the change in the meaning of words?
[A] Specification of meaning.[B] Narrowing of meaning.
[C] Meaning shift.[D] Broadening of meaning.
9. The sentence “I apologize!” belongs to the category of _____ according to the Speech Act Theory.
[A] representatives[B] performative
[C] directives [D] constative
10. The words like comsat and sitcom are formed by_____.
[A] blending.[B] clipping.[C] back-formation.[D] acronymy.
11. According to statistics, _____ employer in Australia is the manufacturing industry.
[A] the fourth largest[B] the third largest
[C] the second largest[D] the largest
12. All the following factors affect the climate of America EXCEPT______.
[A] latitude.
[B] longitude.
[C] the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
[D] ocean currents.
13. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?
[A] In the Highlands.
[B] In the central Lowlands.
[C] In the Uplands.
[D] In the west of Scotland.
14. The national tree of Canada is_____.
[A] silver fern.
[B] maple.
[C] eucalypt.
[D] poplar.
15. Theodore Dreiser is a great writer of_____.
[A] naturalism.
[B] transcendentalism.
[C] colorism.
[D] romanticism.
16. Vanity Fair was a novel written by William Makepeace Thackeray, and the term “vanity fair” firstly appeared in _____ by _____.
[A] Canterbury Tales; Geoffrey Chaucer
[B] The Pilgrim’s Progress; John Bunyan
[C] The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling; Henry Fielding
[D] Dubliners; James Joyce
17. Walter Scott’s first novel is______.
[A] Marmion. [B] The Lady of the Lake.
[C] Ivanhoe. [D] Waverley.
18. The term _____ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.
[A] synchronic[B] diachronic[C] competence[D] Performance
19. The most flexible speech organ is______.
[A] tongue.[B] lips.[C] mouth.[D] vocal cords.
20. The phrase “down the stairs” belongs to_____ construction.
[A] endocentric[B] exocentric[C] subordinate[D] coordinate
【答案及解析】
1. C
在新西兰,基督城(Christchurch)是年降水量最少的城市,奥克兰(Auckland)是年降水量最多的城市。
2. D
The American Constitution(《美国宪法》)是世界上最古老的成文宪法,主要起草者为詹姆斯·麦迪逊,1787年9月17日由联邦制宪会议通过。在获得13个州中的9个州批准后正式生效。最初的宪法由导言和7个条款构成,后来陆续补充修正案。根据宪法,美国是一个实行“三权分立”(separation of powers)的总统制民主共和国。所谓“三权”是指立法权、行政权和司法权。立法权属于国会,行政权属于总统,司法权属于最高法院。
3. C Oxford(牛津)是英国英格兰中部城市,是牛津首府和牛津大学所在地。牛津大学创建于12世纪末,是英国最古老的大学,与英国的另一个著名的大学University of Cambridge(剑桥大学,创建于13世纪)齐名。英国历史上有十几位首相出身于牛津大学。
4. A
威尔士最长的河流是River Tywi (泰威河)。River Bann (巴恩河)是北爱尔兰最长的河流;River Clyde (克莱德河)是苏格兰最重要的河流;The Thames River (泰晤士河)是英国第二长河。
5. B I’m Nobody. Who Are You?(《我是无名小卒!你是谁?》)是美国19世纪女诗人艾米利·狄金森(Emily Dickinson)的诗作,整首诗采用了“戏剧独白”(dramatic monologue)的形式,诗中叙述者以第一人称出现,谈论名声所带来的累赘。
6. B
A Red, Red Rose(《一朵红红的玫瑰》)是英国苏格兰著名的农民诗人Robert Burns(罗伯特· 彭斯)根据苏格兰民谣创作的一首脍炙人口的爱情诗篇。彭斯在仔细研究苏格兰民谣的基础上创作了大量抒情诗,如《我的心在高原》(My Heart’s in the Highlands),《一朵红红的玫瑰》(A Red, Red Rose),《往昔的时光》(Auld Lang Sygn)。
7. A
1865—1914,也就是美国内战结束之后,第一次世界大战爆发之前。这个时候涌现的作家,比如Mark Twain,刻画出美国经济政治发展引发的社会现实问题,包括“Gold Rush”,是美国的现实主义文学时期。
8. A
语义变化有三种:词义扩大、词义缩小和词义转移。
9. B
根据约翰·奥斯汀的言语行为理论,说话人讲话的同时也是在做事的属于施为句(performative),题干中的句子“I apologize!”,说话者在讲话的同时,也是在道歉,故[B]为正确答案。
10. A comsat(通信卫星)取communication和satellite 的前部分混合而成,而sitcome(情景喜剧)则是取situation 和comedy的前部分混合而成。这种造词的方法称为混拼词(blending)。
11. B 据统计,澳大利亚第三大类雇主也为生产制造业。
12. B
影响美国气候的因素包括美国的纬度、水系、洋流和山脉等,经度对美国的气候的形成没有影响。
13. B 苏格兰中低部适合人类生存,是苏格兰工业和人口高度集中的地区。
14. B
加拿大的国树(National Tree)是枫树(maple)。银蕨(silver fern)是新西兰的国树;桉树(eucalypt)是澳大利亚的国树;poplar是杨树。
15. A
德莱塞被公认为是美国最伟大的写实主义或自然主义作家之一。他的小说涉及日常生活,通常是其黑暗的一面。
16. B
《名利场》是William Makepeace Thackeray (威廉·梅克匹斯·萨克雷,1811—1893)创作的小说。小说通过女主人公不择手段跻身上流社会的故事,对势利者进行了无情的揭露和嘲讽。名利场这一词最初出现在班扬的《天路历程》(The Pilgrim’s Progress)一书中,是一个虚构的专门出售虚荣用品的集市,如地位、荣誉、头衔、财富等等。萨克雷将其借用过来作为小说名。
17. D
Walter Scott(沃尔特·司各特,1771—1832)的第一部小说是Waverley(《威弗利》)。
18. B
历时语言学研究语言各个阶段的发展变化,研究语言的历史发展规律。研究的重点是历时变化着的语言现象,是语言要素从古到今演变的连续性。
19. A 舌头是最为灵活的发音器官。
20. B
在down the stairs中,没有核心,也就是说在这个短语里面,不存在修饰与被修饰的关系或者其他并列关系,所以是离心结构。
(节选自
《星火英语专八人文知识(1000题)》)