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小学英语语法大全(二)

(2017-06-24 20:39:24)
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教育

语法及练习3 名词复数和动词三单 

  一、名词复数规则 

  1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 

  2.以s。 x。 sh。 ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 

  3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 

  4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 

  5.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,。tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 

  练习:写出下列各词的复数。 

  I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ book_______ 

  child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ people________ 

  二.动词三单的变化规则 

  1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 

  2.以s。 x。 sh。 ch。 o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

  3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies 

  练习: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数。 

  drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ 

  have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ 

  plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ teach_______ 

  语法及练习4 一般现在时 

  一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 

  一般现在时的功能 

  1。表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue。天空是蓝色的。 

  2。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day。我每天六点起床。 

  3。表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun。地球绕着太阳转。 

  一般现在时的构成 

  1。 be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy。我是一个男孩。 

  2。行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English。我们学习英语。 

  当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”。如:Mary likes Chinese。玛丽喜欢汉语。 

  一般现在时的变化 

  1。 be动词的变化。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker。他不是工人。 

  一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:-Are you a student?  -Yes。 I am。 / No, I‘m not。 

  特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? 

  2。行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ don’t( doesn‘t ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I don’t like bread。   当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn‘t构成否定句。如:He doesn’t often play。 

  一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。 

  如:- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do。 / No, I don‘t。 

  当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。 

  如:- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does。 / No, she doesn’t。 

  特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work? 

  一般现在时用法专练: 

  一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 

  1。 He often ________(have) dinner at home。 

  2。 Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One。 

  3。 We _______(not watch) TV on Monday。 

  4。 Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday。 

  5。 ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 

  6。 What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 

  7。 _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 

  8。 The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays。 

  9。 She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening。 

  10。 There ________(be) some water in the bottle。 

  11。 Mike _______(like) cooking。 

  12。 They _______(have) the same hobby。 

  13。 My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully。 

  14。 You always _______(do) your homework well。 

  15。 I _______(be) ill。 I‘m staying in bed。 

  16。 She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday。 

  17。 Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE。 

  18。 The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening。 

  19。 Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term。 

  20。 -What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday。 

  二、按照要求改写句子。 

  1。 Daniel watches TV every evening。(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 

  2。 I do my homework every day。(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ 

  3。 She likes milk。(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) ___________________________ 

  4。 Amy likes playing computer games。(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ___________________________________________________ 

  5。 We go to school every morning。(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________ 

  6。 He speaks English very well。(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 

  7。 I like taking photos in the park。(对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________________ 

  8。 John comes from Canada。(对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________ 

  9。 She is always a good student。(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ 

  10。 Simon and Daniel like going skating。(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 

  三、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上) 

  1。 Is your brother speak English? __________________ 

  2。 Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 

  3。 He likes play games after class。 __________________ 

  4。 Mr。 Wu teachs us English。 __________________ 

  5。 She don‘t do her homework on Sundays。 _________________ 

  语法及练习5 现在进行时 

  现在进行时 

  1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 

  2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing。 

  3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 

  4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 

  5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 

  但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing? 

  动词加ing的变化规则 

  1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 

  2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting 

  3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping 

  现在进行时专项练习: 

  一、写出下列动词的现在分词: 

  play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ go_________ 

  like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________ 

  sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ 

  love_________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ 

  stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 

  二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空: 

  1。The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now。 

  2。 Listen 。Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom 。 

  3。 My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now。 

  4。 What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 

  5。 Look 。 They _______________( have) an English lesson 。 

  6。They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now。 

  7。Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom 。 

  8。What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music。 

  9。 It’s 5 o‘clock now。 We _____________(have)supper now 10。______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is 。 

  三、句型转换: 

  1。 They are doing housework 。(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 

  2.The students are cleaning the classroom 。 ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 

  3.I’m playing the football in the playground 。(对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________ 

  4.Tom is reading books in his study 。 (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________ 

  语法及练习6 将来时 

  将来时 

  一、概念: 

  表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 

  二、基本结构:①be going to + do; ②will+ do。 

  三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won‘t。 

  例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon。→ I‘m not going to have a picnic this afternoon。 四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。 

  例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend。 → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 

  五、对划线部分提问:一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 

  1。 问人。Who 例如:I’m going to New York soon。 →Who‘s going to New York soon。 

  2。 问干什么。What … do。例如: My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon。 →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon。 

  3。 问什么时候。When。例如:She’s going to go to bed at nine。 →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句:be going to = will 

  I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天)。 = I will go swimming tomorrow。 

  练习:填空。 

  1。 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 

  I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends。 

  I ________ have a picnic with my friends。 

  2。 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 

  What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? 

  I _______ ______ _____ play basketball。 What _________ you do next Monday? 

  I ________ play basketball。 

  3。 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。 

  _____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________。 She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit。 

  4。 你们打算什么时候见面。 

  What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 

  改句子。 

  5。 Nancy is going to go camping。(改否定) 

  Nancy ________ going to go camping。 

  6。 I‘ll go and join them。(改否定) 

  I _______ go ______ join them。 

  7。 I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow。(改一般疑问句) 

  ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 

  8。 We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30。(改一般疑问句) 

  _______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30。 

  9。 She is going to listen to music after school。(对划线部分提问) 

  ________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 

  10。 My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow。(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow。 

  用所给词的适当形式填空。 

  11。 Today is a sunny day。 We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon。 

  12。 My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week。 

  13。 Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot。 But today is rain。 He ______________ (go) to school by bike。 

  14。 What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ________ (watch) TV and ________(catch) insects? 

  15。 It‘s Friday today。 What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects。 

  16。 What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm。 

  What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows。 

  17。 Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow。 

  18。 Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday。 

  19。 David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday。 

  20。 I ________________ (plan) for my study now。 

  语法及练习7 一般过去时 

  一般过去时 

  1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 

  2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: 

  ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t) 

  ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren‘t) 

  ⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 

  3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 

  否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn‘t go home yesterday。 

  一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday? 

  ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday? 

  动词过去式变化规则: 

  1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 

  2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted 

  3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 

  4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied 

  5.不规则动词过去式: am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 

  过去时练习:写出下列动词的过去式 

  is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ 

  play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ 

  worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ 

  put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ 

  Be动词的过去时练习 

  一、用be动词的适当形式填空。 

  1。 I ______ an English teacher now。 

  2。 She _______ happy yesterday。 

  3。 They _______ glad to see each other last month。 

  4。 Helen and Nancy ________ good friends。 

  5。 The little dog _____ two years old this year。 

  6。 Look, there ________ lots of grapes here。 

  7。 There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday。 

  8。 Today _____ the second of June。 Yesterday ______ the first of June。 It _____ Children’s Day。 All the students ______ very excited。 

  二、句型转换。 

  1。 There was a car in front of the house just now。 

  否定句:________________________________________________ 

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 

  三、 中译英。 

  1.我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________ 

  2.他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________ 

  3.一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 ___________________________________________________________ 

  行为动词的过去时练习 

  一、用be动词的适当形式填空。 

  1。 I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday。 

  2。 Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night。 

  3。 We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park。 (go) 

  4。 ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 

  5。 ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______。 

  6。 Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday。 

  7。 I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______。 

  8。 What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly。 

  二、句型转换。 

  1。 They played football in the playground。 

  否定句:________________________________________________ 

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 

  三、中译英。 

  1。 格林先生去年住在中国。 ________________________________________________________ 

  2。 昨天我们参观了农场。 ________________________________________________________ 

  3。 他刚才在找他的手机。 ________________________________________________________ 

  过去时综合练习(1) 

  一、 用动词的适当形式填空。 

  1。 It ______ (be) Ben‘s birthday last Friday。 

  2。 We all ______ (have) a good time last night。 

  3。 He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day。 

  4。 Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday。 

  5。 She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday。 (read) 

  6。 He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now。 (play) 

  7。 Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now。 

  8。 _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____。 

  9。 I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday。 

  10。 We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday。 

  二、 中译英。 

  1。 我们上周五看了一部电影。 _________________________________________________________ 

  2。 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗?是的。 _________________________________________________________ 

  3。 你们上个儿童节做了什么?我们参观了动物园。 _________________________________________________________ 

  4。 你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。 _________________________________________________________ 

  过去时综合练习 

  一、用动词的适当形式填空。 

  1。 It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday。 Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car。 

  2。 Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago。 

  3。 Don‘t ______ the house。 Mum _______ it yesterday。 (clean) 

  4。 What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework。 (do) 

  5。 They _________ (make) a kite a week ago。 

  6。 I want to ______ apples。 But my dad _______ all of them last month。 (pick) 

  7。 _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____。 (water) 

  8。 She ____ (be) a pretty girl。 Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances。 

  9。 The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room。 

  10。What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows。 (milk) 

  二、中译英。 

  1。 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________ 

  2。 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。 _________________________________________________________ 

  3。 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗?不,没有。 _________________________________________________________ 

  语法及练习8 There be 句型与have, has 

  There be 句型与have, has的区别 

  1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人) 

  2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is ; 主语是复数,be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品,be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。 

  3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。 

  4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。 

  5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑问句。 

  7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语? How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语? 

  8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: What’s + 介词短语? 

  Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are” 

  1。 I________a good father and a good mother。 

  2。 ____________a telescope on the desk。 

  3。 He_________a tape-recorder。 

  4。 _____________a basketball in the playground。 

  5。 She__________some dresses。 

  6。 They___________a nice garden。 

  7。 What do you___________? 

  8。 ______________a reading-room in the building? 

  9。 What does Mike___________? 

  10。 ______________any books in the bookcase? 

  11。 My father_________a story-book。 

  12。 _______________a story-book on the table。 

  13。 _______________any flowers in the vase? 

  14。 How many students____________in the classroom? 

  15。 My parents___________some nice pictures。 

  16。 _____________some maps on the wall。 

  17。 ______________a map of the world on the wall。 

  18。 David__________a telescope。 

  19。 David‘s friends___________some tents。 

  20。 ______________many children on the hill。 

  Fill in the blank with “ have, has “ 

  1。 I_________ a nice puppet。 

  2。 He_________a good friend。 

  3。 They__________ some masks。 

  4。 We___________some flowers。 

  5。 She___________ a duck。 

  6。 My father____________ a new bike。 

  7。 Her mother___________a vase。 

  8。 Our teacher_________ an English book。 

  9。 Our teachers___________a basketball。 

  10。 Their parents___________some blankets 

  11。 Nancy_________many skirts。 

  12。 David__________some jackets。 

  13。 My friends__________a football。 

  14。 What do you__________? 

  15。 What does Mike__________? 

  16。 What do your friends___________? 

  17。 What does Helen___________? 

  18。 His brother________a basketball。 

  19。 Her sister_________a nice doll。 

  20。 Miss Li__________an English book。 



小学英语语法大全:本文为你提供一般现在时的构成;一般现在时的变化;一般现在时;一般现在时用法;一般现在时基本用法介绍;将来时理论及练习;人称代词和物主代词...等小学英语语法,对小学生语法会有很大的帮助。 

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