|
年份 |
获奖者 |
国籍 |
获奖原因 |
|
1971年 |
|
伽博·丹尼斯
Dennis Gabor |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 英国 |
“发明并发展全息照相法”
"for his invention and development of the holographic method" |
| 1972年 |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bardeen.jpg/75px-Bardeen.jpg |
约翰·巴丁
John Bardeen |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
“他们联合创立了超导微观理论,即常说的BCS理论”
"for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually
called the BCS-theory" |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Leon_Cooper_1972.jpg/75px-Leon_Cooper_1972.jpg |
利昂·库珀
Leon N Cooper
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/John_Robert_Schrieffer.jpg/75px-John_Robert_Schrieffer.jpg |
约翰·施里弗
John Robert
Schrieffer |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
| 1973年 |
|
江崎玲于奈
Leo
Esaki (Reona
Esaki) |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 日本 |
“发现半导体和超导体的隧道效应”
"for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena
in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively" |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Ivar_Giaever.jpg/75px-Ivar_Giaever.jpg |
伊瓦尔·贾埃弗
Ivar Giaever |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 挪威 |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Brian_David_Josephson.jpg/75px-Brian_David_Josephson.jpg |
布赖恩·约瑟夫森
Brian David
Josephson |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 英国 |
“他理论上预测出通过隧道势垒的超电流的性质,特别是那些通常被称为约瑟夫森效应的现象”
"for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a
supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those
phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effect" |
| 1974年 |
|
马丁·赖尔
Martin Ryle |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 英国 |
“他们在射电天体物理学的开创性研究:赖尔的发明和观测,特别是合成孔径技术;休伊什在发现脉冲星方面的关键性角色”
"for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics: Ryle for his
observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture
synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the
discovery of pulsars" |
|
|
安东尼·休伊什
Antony Hewish |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 英国 |
| 1975年 |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Aage_Bohr.jpg/75px-Aage_Bohr.jpg |
奥格·玻尔
Aage Bohr |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 丹麦 |
“发现原子核中集体运动和粒子运动之间的联系,并且根据这种联系发展了有关原子核结构的理论”
"for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and
particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory
of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this
connection" |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Mottelson,Ben_1963_Kopenhagen.jpg/75px-Mottelson,Ben_1963_Kopenhagen.jpg |
本·莫特森
Ben Roy Mottelson |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 丹麦 |
|
|
利奥·雷恩沃特
Leo James
Rainwater |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
| 1976年 |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Burton_Richter_-_charm_quark.jpg/75px-Burton_Richter_-_charm_quark.jpg |
伯顿·里克特
Burton Richter |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
“他们在发现新的重基本粒子方面的开创性工作”
"for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary
particle of a new kind" |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Samuel_ting_10-19-10.jpg/75px-Samuel_ting_10-19-10.jpg |
丁肇中
Samuel Chao Chung
Ting
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
| 1977年 |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Andersonphoto.jpg/75px-Andersonphoto.jpg |
菲利普·安德森
Philip Warren
Anderson |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
“对磁性和无序体系电子结构的基础性理论研究”
"for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic
structure of magnetic and disordered systems" |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mott,Nevill_Francis_1952_London.jpg/75px-Mott,Nevill_Francis_1952_London.jpg |
内维尔·莫特
Nevill Francis
Mott |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 英国 |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg/75px-JH_van_Vleck_1974.jpg |
约翰·凡扶累克
John Hasbrouck Van Vleck |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
| 1978年 |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pyotr_L_Kapitsa_Russian_physicist_1964.jpg/75px-Pyotr_L_Kapitsa_Russian_physicist_1964.jpg |
彼得·卡皮查
Pyotr Leonidovich
Kapitsa |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 苏联 |
“低温物理领域的基本发明和发现”
"for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of
low-temperature physics" |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Arno_Penzias.jpg/75px-Arno_Penzias.jpg |
阿诺·彭齐亚斯
Arno Allan Penzias |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
“发现宇宙微波背景辐射”
"for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation" |
|
|
罗伯特·威尔逊
Robert Woodrow
Wilson |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
| 1979年 |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Sheldon_Glashow_at_Harvard_cropped.jpg/75px-Sheldon_Glashow_at_Harvard_cropped.jpg |
谢尔登·格拉肖
Sheldon Lee Glashow
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
“关于基本粒子间弱相互作用和电磁相互作用的统一理论的,包括对弱中性流的预言在内的贡献”
"for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and
electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles,
including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral
current" |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Abdus_Salam.jpg/75px-Abdus_Salam.jpg |
阿卜杜勒·萨拉姆
Mohammad Abdus Salam
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 巴基斯坦 |
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Steven_weinberg_2010.jpg/75px-Steven_weinberg_2010.jpg |
史蒂文·温伯格
Steven Weinberg
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
| 1980年 |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/James-cronin.jpg/75px-James-cronin.jpg |
詹姆斯·克罗宁
James Watson Cronin
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |
“发现中性K介子衰变时存在对称破坏”
"for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles
in the decay of neutral K-mesons" |
|
|
瓦尔·菲奇
Val Logsdon Fitch
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 美国 |