写作应该是一件美好的事情，也是一件快乐的事情。它的美好和快乐来自一种经典的美，那就是朴素。然而， 雅思 培训的逐渐商业化和考生日益的功利心态，以及双方的相互作用，使得各种雅思写作辅导书上充斥着扭曲这种美感的材料。许多基础薄弱并缺乏判断力的考生因此陷入窘境。

本文的分析标准来自雅思官方网站上的评分标准；

本文的目的在于重新回归雅思写作TASK 2部分的评分标准；

本文试图通过严肃性的学术分析，将考试的标准和考官的表现对应起来，按图索骥，找到可以借鉴的正确写作方法。

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task

Write about the following topic:

It is generally believed that some people are born with certain talents, for instance for sport or music, and others are not. However, it is sometimes claimed that any child can be taught to become a good sports person or musician.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 

You should write at least 250 words.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

考官范文1：

The relative importance of natural talent and training is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to explain different levels of ability in, for example, sport, art or music.

Obviously, education systems are based on the belief that all children can effectively be taught to acquire different skills, including those associated with sport, art or music. So from our own school experience, we can find plenty of evidence to support the view that a child can acquire these skills with continued teaching and guided practice.

However, some people believe that innate talent is what differentiates a person who has been trained to play a sport or an instrument, from those who become good players. In other words, there is more to the skill than a learned technique, and this extra talent cannot be taught, no matter how good the teacher or how frequently a child practices.

I personally think that some people do have talents that are probably inherited via their genes. Such talents can give individuals a facility for certain skills that allow them to excel, while more hard-working students never manage to reach a comparable level. But, as with all questions of nature versus nurture, they are not mutually exclusive. Good musicians or artists and exceptional sports stars have probably succeeded because of both good training and natural talent. Without the natural talent, continuous training would be neither attractive nor productive, and without the training, the child would not learn how to exploit and develop their talent.

In conclusion, I agree that any child can be taught particular skills, but to be really good in areas such as music, art or sport, then some natural talent is required.

It’s generally believed that some people are born with certain talents, for instance for sport or music, and others are not. However, it is sometimes claimed that any child can be taught to become a good sports person or musician.

 

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

 

看到这个标题，就知道有个陷阱，这个是限定在sport和music 领域，所以得小心点，别踩着雷了

 

开头段

 

The relative importance of natural talent and training is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to explain different levels of ability in, for example, sport, art or music.

介绍背景，很俗很管用，句型 sth is a frequent topic of discussion when, 我们四六级书上就有 sth is a hot-debated topic 之类的，你不能说这个高级主考官也是背了那本作文书，套了那个模版吧。其实用不用模版无所谓，关键看合不合适，你拿姚明的西装给潘长江穿上肯定挺难看吧，你不能有此得出结论“千万不要给潘长江穿西装，可难看。”

 

主体一段

 

Obviously, education systems are based on the belief that all children can effectively be taught to acquire different skills, including those associated with sport, art or music.

这句也是为培养因素作背景说明，或者叫做原因吧

Obviously 评注性句子状语

The belief that 这个that 从句做belief的同位语，一些抽象意义词，如belief, view, thought, attitude 等常接that 做同位语，雅思作文经常用的，值得注意

 

skills, including those associated with sport, art or music 谈背景时也不忘扣紧主题，不跑离sport, art, music这几个领域

 

 So from our own school experience, we can find plenty of evidence to support the view that a child can acquire these skills with continued teaching and guided practice.

So 引导结果状语，其实带了两个原因：the education system 和 from our experience

With continued teaching and guided practice; with+名词通常表示伴随、原因、条件或作定语，此处表示条件，如果持续的教导和指导性练习。注意此处continued teaching, guided practice 不是单纯的teaching and practice，添加修饰成分使表达具体生动

 

主体二段

 

However, some people believe that innate talent is what differentiates a person who has been trained to play a sport or an instrument, from those who become good players.

提出了talent支持的观点，

注意对应上段的表达支持观点的举例，

We can find plenty of evidence to support the view that

Some people believe that

Differentiate A from those B 区别开来

 

Who has been trained to play a sport or an instrument  play做动词

Who become good players  player 作名词，可见，词性的变化一般会引起句型的改变，因此关键词词性改变，再组句，不失为句型多样化的一种方法，如，Usage of internet is very common. The internet is widely used. Usage [u], use [vt]

 

In other words, there is more to the skill than to a learned technique, and this extra talent cannot be taught, no matter how good the teacher or how frequent a child practices.

In other words换句话说，同义表达

Talent skill technique 按天赋由大到小排序，其实一般情况下，skill常用，与technique 接近

 

No matter how good the teacher is or no matter how frequent a child practices, 其实这个is不该省略，no matter+ how/what/which, 表强调，不管怎样

 

 

主体三段

 

I personally think that some people do have talents that are probably inherited via their genes.

上两段一个谈了正反两方面观点，现在是作者观点了，I personally think 是标志成分，但这句并不是主旨句

Certainly/ surely 肯定 probably/possibly/maybe 也许 impossibly/out of the question/cannot 不可能 几个表达可能性的几组词很重要，阐明作者的看法，记住它们

 

Such talents can give individuals a facility for certain skills that allow them to excel, while more hard-working students never manage to reach a comparable level.

While做为连词表示对照

 

看一下句型多样性

Certain skills allow them to excel

Hard-working student never manage to reach a comparable level

Facility [u,sing] 容易做好或学好某事物的能力（这和以前在学过facilities [pl] 设备，环境 不一样），

                   have a facility for learning languages

Excel [vi] 大家都知道，不就是office电子表格吗，这里为其本意 超越 excel at/in

 

But, as with all questions of nature versus nurture, they are not mutually exclusive.

主旨句

Versus [prep] 大家应该很熟吧

 

Good musicians or artists and exceptional sports starts have probably succeed because of both good training and natural talent.

又出现probably, 但要强调 possible 可能，probably 很可能，impossible   不可能， improbably 很不可能 注意其细微区别

 

Without the natural talent, continuous training would be neither attractive nor productive, and without the training, the child would not learn how to exploit and develop their talent.

对上一句正面表述的反面表述，

上一句：因为both training and talent, 所以succeed;

这一句： without talent, training 如何；

without training, talent 不会exploit and develop。

而且用的是虚拟条件句。这种运用很常用，把一个道理先正面说，然后用否定的虚拟条件句反着说，表示强调，如：The Internet has brought many benefits to us. Without the Internet, we could not enjoy much convenience. 大家得好好体会，虚拟语气算高级句型哦，很多同学不就喜欢追求这个吗

结尾段

In conclusion, I agree that any child can be taught particular skills, but to be really good in areas such as music, art or sport, then some natural talent is required.

I agree 结尾做总结，再次强调作者观点，中立，稍微偏talent

 

还原作者写作流程：

审题

看到这个题目，又是天赋和培养之间的关系，这种题肯定是态度中立，没办法，因为两种因素肯定是interact 相互影响，主体段分三段好写，主体一二段正反两方面观点，主体三段骑墙

 

框架

开头段：不由自主的想起了用过的经典模版 Nowadays, people have recently discussed the topic over sth,  nowadays 也太模版了吧，说不定考官直接判为5分，咱变一下，Sth is a frequent topic of discussion when，这个就好多了

 

主体一段：一方观点，教育使其掌握技能。怎么发展该段落，先谈教育体系存在的理念就是获取技能，因此孩子们也可以通过教育培训音乐、艺术等技能。

 

主体二段：另一方观点，天赋能区分出平庸与优秀来。再用一个in other words 来一个同义表达，就是天赋是教育所不能达到的，是天生的。

 

主体三段：我的观点，一个人能通过教育培训获取某种技能，但是如果要做到优秀卓越的话，就得具有某种天赋。怎么发展这段还真是问题，我就开始以人如果具有某种天赋的话，掌握技能也快，并且能超越其他人达到优秀，而一个没有天赋的人是做不到这些的。也就是天赋与优秀是interactive, 并非exclusive的关系，这句是中心句。然后再以虚拟条件句来强调这层关系，如果没有天赋，培训也就会既无趣也无效；如果没有培训，天才们也不可能运用和发展他们的天赋。好了，很完整，很充实。

 

结尾段：也就是把我的观点原文翻译出来就行了：一个人能通过教育培训获取某种技能，但是如果要做到优秀卓越的话，就得具有某种天赋。切记，我是在主体三段的时候没有原文翻译这句话，否则，只能想其它办法了。

 

遣词造句：

看到任何一篇文章，题目中谈到的那些字眼，一般都将成为文章的中心词，所以要注意同义表达。

运用同义表达具有两个方面，第一是词性变化（一般是动词，名词对换）；

                          第二是同一词性内词义表达的多样性。

如本文当中：

天赋：natural talent; innate talent

培训 training；continued teaching; guided practice;

     good training be taught ; have been trained;

技能 different levels of ability ; acquire different skills; technique;

音乐、体育方面 play a sport or an instrument;      ability for sport, art or music;

                good players;       good musicians and exceptional sports stars

这篇当中特别用到了否定虚拟条件句来强调说理，很值得学习，这个大有用途

句型丰富得令我望其项背

 

假如是我？

这种培训和天才的关系文章肯定就是interact, 保持中立，某些老师同学的观点是必须具有某种倾向性，这不知道从哪里来的无稽之谈，观点明确是有自己的观点，而且一般必须出现in my opinion, I think 等第一人称的字眼。中立是一个明确的态度，如希特勒向法国开战，德国问瑞士，你帮谁？瑞士回答：“我谁也不帮，我中立”，难道你说瑞士态度不明确。这种中立观点题目主体分三段好写，一段一方观点，二段另外一方观点，三段我的观点中立，关键在如何发展主题段，范文中作者文字功底是在是太高了，把一些类似的观点能换个不同的角度用这么多的词汇句型表达（也可以说是完全采用讲道理的方式来发展），要我写得话可没这个本事，只好寄出我的杀手锏：具体话，也就是摆事实：

 

主体一段: 任何一种技能都是可以学习获得的，比如练习游泳，就得学习怎么熟悉水性，练习呼吸，练习手和腿的协调摆动，经过反复练习后就会游泳了。

主体二段：天赋可以让你脱颖而出，如姚明的身高有利于投篮，成分NBA中锋的有利条件；梵高的色彩辨别能力使其成为一代宗师，没有天赋，呵呵，做梦吧

第三段：一个人能通过教育培训获取某种技能，但是如果要做到优秀卓越的话，就得具有某种天赋。教育培训使人掌握一个领域的基本技能，音乐的乐谱，体育的肌肉训练等，但是一个有天赋的人不但将掌握技能时间缩短，而且学得跟好，更加重要的是，任何要想成为NO1等，天赋必不可少。奥运会奖牌得主就是训练和天赋完美结合的产物。

 

是科学还是艺术

看到这篇作文，也就是天赋和教育之间的相互关系，其实我的回答就是 任何事件要把它做到卓越，那就得把它当做一半是科学，一半是艺术；英文当中称为part science, part art（注意，英文这个观点很长见，经常出现在报刊杂志中）。下面我谈谈体会：

  

英语学习：经常听到有人讨论英语学习的“精还是泛”的区别，其实我认为应当是两条腿走路，精泛结合。精，借此掌握英语学科的基本功，基本功的学习应当“形成体系，灵活运用”，基本功体现在词汇、语法和语音三块；泛，即广泛的阅读杂志，收看CNN等电视节目，书写各种英文文章，经常和外国人进行交流，总之，多进行听说读写。但根据每个人的情况，精泛比例又不一样，大概说了，初期精比例大些，泛比例小些。学习者必须学习词法结购，语音规律等，这是科学；同时又要考虑精和泛的关系，自己学习的时间和目的，这就是很艺术的一件事情。

  

所以，很多事情，把事情做到期限的态度就是：它既是一门科学，也是一门艺术。如果不把它当科学，事件基本原理和技能无法掌握，你就是在盲人摸象；如果不把它当艺术，你就墨守陈规，僵化保守（这最后这两句“如果”，英文中表达就是虚拟语气，呵呵）

新东方点评：这篇文章共281 字，满足250个字以上的基本字数要求。下面，我们需要分别从结构、内容和评分标准本身来分析这篇文章。

第一，从结构上考虑：

由于这篇文章的题型是Discuss，即讨论，因此，文章分四个部分：首段引入话题，中间段第一段讨论第一种说法，中间段第二段讨论第二种说法。最后一部分由两段组成，一段表达自己的观点，另外一段总结自己的观点。文章结构是符合这种题型的。考生也应该就此举一反三，归纳从剑三到剑七上其他考官写过的文章的结构，找出自己应对其他三种主流题型的固定分段方法。其他三种题型分别为“表态加论述”，“比较优缺点（有outweigh和无outweigh）”“问题原因措施”。

第二，从内容上来看，文章所涉及的话题为教育，是最高频的雅思写作话题。笔者将此文翻译如下（大部分为直译，可供考生作进行中翻英以及写长难句练习材料。这种方法能使雅思考生体会雅思写作风格，熟悉常用表达，总结高分句型和发现语法错误，可谓一举多得）：

当人们试图解释不同程度的（比方说）在体育、艺术或音乐方面的能力时，天赋和培训两者的相对重要性是一个经常拿来讨论的话题。

显然，许多教育体制都基于这样一种信仰—所有的孩子都能被有效地训练以获得不同的技巧，这里也包括那些和体育、艺术或音乐相关的技巧。因此，从我们读书的经历来看，我们能找到许多证据来证明这样一个观点---任何一个孩子都能从持续的教学和指导性的训练中得到这些技巧。

然而，一些人相信天生的才能就是能使那些通过训练才能进行体育活动或弹奏乐器的人和那些（自身）成为优秀运动员（或乐器弹奏者）的人区分开来的东西。换句话说，这里更重要的是能力而不是所学的技巧，并且这种特别的天赋是不能被传授的，不论教师有多么优秀或者孩子进行多么频繁的操练。

我个人认为有些人确实有着可能是从他们基因里遗传下来的天赋。这些天赋能帮助这些个体掌握一定技巧，使得他们领先于其他人；而那些更加努力的学生却无法达到可以相提并论的高度。但是，跟所有涉及天赋还是教育（能成才）的其他问题一样，这两者并不是相互排斥的。优秀的音乐家或艺术家以及技艺超群的体育明星所取得的成功应不仅归功于好的训练，也同时是天赋的作用。没有天赋，长期训练将会既没吸引力也没什么成果，而没有训练，孩子是无法学习如何开发和发展他们得天赋的。

综上所述，我同意任何孩子都能被传授特定技巧的观点，但是要在音乐，艺术和体育等领域中出类拔萃，一些自然天赋不可或缺。

雅思写作第一项评分标准是Task Response，它具体包括三部分：

1) how fully and appropriately the candidate has answered all parts of the task

这里的重点是 “all parts of the task”，很多考生不理解。其实，也就是说每个题设当中的动词 “discuss both sides” 和 “give your own opinion” 考生是否都以不同的段落完成。很明显，考官的文章无懈可击，我们已经在第一部分的结构讨论中分析过这个问题了。详见上文。

2) the extent to which the candidate's ideas are relevant, developed and supported.

这里的重点是 “relevant”,“develop”,以及 “support”。我们首先来看 “relevant”，即文章有没有跑题，或者是否文章里面有废话可以被去掉，考生可以对照上文的中英双文仔细观察，没有一句话不是和主题相关的。所以“相关性”考官的范文做到了。而你自己写的文章呢？其次是 “develop”，观点有发展就一定不能原地踏步，而是有新的批判性思维和深入的观察。考官的范文充分地体现了这一点：在从事情两方面的分别讨论，一直到事情双方的逻辑关系，考官把握得十分到位。请大家仔细阅读文章第四段，仔细体会这种思维的递进和发展。最后是 “support”，请大家阅读以下文字，具体体会句子之间总分关系（第一句“总”，而二三句“分”），即这里的支持和被支持的逻辑关系：

“这两者并不是相互排斥的。优秀的音乐家或艺术家以及技艺超群的体育明星所取得的成功应不仅归功于好的训练，也同时是天赋的作用。没有天赋，长期训练将会既没吸引力也没什么成果，而没有训练，孩子是无法学习如何开发和发展他们得天赋的。”

3) the extent to which the candidate's position is clear and effective

这里的重点是 “clear”和“effective”。考官的这篇文章思路是如何做到既想得明白又交代得清楚的？其实很简单。文章所有的句子可以分为两类，一类是别人的观点，一类是自己的观点。要知道，这一项评分标准中的position是指的自己的中心观点。所以把后一类把握清楚就可以了。作者的观点在原文中保持一致，第一，强调天赋的是先天的：I personally think that some people do have talents that are probably inherited via their genes；第二，强调天赋和训练都重要But, as with all questions of nature versus nurture, they are not mutually exclusive；最后得到自己的结论，所有的孩子都可以接受训练，但是成就往往还需要一点天赋：any child can be taught particular skills, but to be really good in areas such as music, art or sport, then some natural talent is required。这一二三点的一致性和层层递进是极其严密的逻辑。关键是，这三句话达到了在这层层递进中体现了一致性的效果，语言非常高效。实在是难得的范文。

 

第二项评分标准是Coherence and Cohesion，它具体包括两个部分：

1) how well the information and ideas are organised and presented, including paragraphing

2) how well the information is linked

语言的衔接包括两个：一个是句子和句子的衔接，另外一个是段和段的衔接。前者连接方法有使用代词，重复关键词，排比句，同意转述和连接词。后者分为三种不同逻辑关系：并列，递进和转折。文章中均有体现。笔者就不在此赘述了。

 

第三项评分标准是Lexical Resource，它具体包括三个部分：

1) the range of vocabulary used

2) how accurately it is used

3) how appropriate it is for the task

小词：Obviously, However, including, allow, via, while, do, give, extra, as

大词：frequent, differentiate, inherit, facility, comparable, exceptional, continuous

词组：are based on, associated with, plenty of, be inherited via, mutually exclusive

地道表达：The relative importance, this extra talent, allow them to excel, nature versus nurture

同义转述：children, a child, a person, individuals, students, any child

 

第四项评分标准是Grammatical Range and Accuracy ：

1) the range of structures used

2) how accurately they are used

3) how appropriate they are for the task

考官的语言功底深厚，250字尽显语言的风采。句式多变化，具体如下：

简单句：they are not mutually exclusive.

并列句：Without the natural talent, continuous training would be neither attractive nor productive, and without the training, the child would not learn how to exploit and develop their talent.

复合句：Such talents can give individuals a facility for certain skills that allow them to excel, while more hard-working students never manage to reach a comparable level.

“There be”句型：there is more to the skill than a learned technique

比较句：In other words, there is more to the skill than a learned technique

长句：The relative importance of natural talent and training is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to explain different levels of ability in, for example, sport, art or music.

In conclusion, I agree that any child can be taught particular skills, but to be really good in areas such as music, art or sport, then some natural talent is required.

短句：they are not mutually exclusive. 

 

范文2：

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