加载中…Broken Heart- 厦门大学2011年英译汉1节选此文
(2014-10-16 15:49:52)
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Broken
Heart-BY
CHRISTINE GORMAN
I had always assumed that a
broken heart was just a metaphor, a cliché of country music and
romance novels. So I was as surprised as anyone to learn that
doctors now consider it a real medical event, one that can
kill.
The news comes from a report
published last month in the New England Journal of Medicine, in
which physicians at Johns Hopkins described a group of 18 mostly
older women and one man who developed serious heart problems after
experiencing a sudden emotional shock, such as the death of a loved
one, or, in the case of one 60-year-old woman, a surprise birthday
party.
What surprised the doctors who
examined these patients was that none of them had actually suffered
a heart attack. Indeed, few had any signs of heart disease at all.
Yet at least five of the 19—and perhaps more—would have died
without treatment, according to Dr. Ilan Wittstein, the
cardiologist who led the study.
What was going on? To get to
the bottom of it, Wittstein and his colleagues measured the levels
of catecholamines—the family of stress hormones that includes
adrenaline—that their patients were producing. In each case they
found raised levels of stress hormones—up to 34 times as high as
normal levels and two to three times as high as those typically
seen during severe heart attacks.
It's still unclear whether the
hormones caused the cardiac problems or were caused by them. Nor
can doctors explain why women's hearts seem more vulnerable than
men's. "Men typically produce higher levels of catecholamines in
response to a stressful event than women do," Wittstein says. "So
if you had to guess, you'd guess that men would have this problem
more than women."
The good news about the
condition doctors are calling the broken-heart syndrome is that
it's reversible—provided the initial shock isn't too great. And
repeat occurrences appear to be uncommon, no matter how many
surprise birthday parties they throw
you.
心碎
我本来一直以为心碎只是一种比喻，是乡村音乐和浪漫的爱情小说惯用的手法。所以当我上周得知，医生们现在认为心碎真的是一个医学问题，一个能致人死亡的问题时，我感到无比吃惊。
给这些病人做检查的医生们感到奇怪的是，这些病人竟然没有一个以前得过心脏病。实际上，几乎没有人带有任何罹患心脏病的体征。然而领导这项研究的心脏病专家伊兰·维特斯坦医生说，如果没有得到治疗的话，在这19人中至少有5人————可能更多———已经死亡。
这到底是怎么回事？为了追根溯源，维特斯坦及其同事测量了这些病人体内儿茶酚胺的浓度。儿茶酚胺是一种包括肾上腺素的应激激素。他们发现每一个病人的应激激素的浓度都很高————最高达到正常水平的34倍，为突发严重心脏病时的两到三倍。
现在还不清楚是应激激素造成了心脏问题还是心脏问题造成了应激激素浓度的升高。医生们也无法解释为什么女性的心脏好像要比男性脆弱。维特斯坦说：“在遇到紧张的情况时，男性释放的儿茶酚胺往往高于女性。所以如果一定要猜的话，人们会认为男性出现这个问题的几率多于女性。”
医生们将这种疾病称为心碎综合征，好在只要最初的情感冲击不是太大，这种疾病是可以治愈的。复发看来并不常见，不管别人为你举办多少次意想不到的生日聚会。
（殷欣译自美国《时代》周刊）
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