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【转】主句和从句的时态

(2012-05-28 20:45:51)
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主句从句的时态

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杂谈

【转】主句和从句的时态
2012-04-30 13:27

                        【主将从现】

  在以when,after,as soon as等引导的时间状语从句以及以if,unless等引导的条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时。例如:
  I'll tell her the good news when she comes back.当她回来的时候,我将把这个好消息告诉她。
  If it doesn't rain, he will come here on time.如果不下雨,他会按时来这儿的。

常见的有以下三种情况:
一、条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时,那么从句常常用一般现在时。如:

 When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients. 我长大后要当一名护士,照顾病人。
二、如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在时。
如:Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake.
  我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。
三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时,根据需要从句多用一般现在时。

如:You should be quiet when you are in the reading room.
在阅览室时应保持安静。


                   【主过从过】

在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时,从句须用表示过去的某种时态。例如:
 He asked when they would go to the party.

        他问他们什么时候将去参加聚会。
 Miss Green said she had been to Beijing before.

        格林小姐说她以前曾经去过北京。
                      【主现从任】
  在宾语从句中,当主句的时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等时态时,后面从句时态不受主句限制,可根据情况,选用各种适合的时态。例如:
  Do you know when we'll have a football match?你知道我们什么时候举行足球赛吗?
  You know he has gone to Shanghai.你知道他已去上海了。
                      【特别关注】

1.当宾语从句表述的是客观事实、科学真理、现在的习惯动作以及格言等时,其时态不受主句限制,而用一般现在时。例如:
 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.

      老师告诉我们光速比音速要快。
  When I was a student, my teacher often told us that time and tide wait for no man.

   当我还是学生的时候,老师常常告诉我们,岁月不等人。
2.在"since+点时间"句型中,主句通常用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。例如:
  He has worked at the factory since he came here.

        自从他来到这儿,他就一直在这家工厂上班。
另外,在句型"It's+段时间+since+从句"中,since后面的从句要用一般过去时。例如:
  It's a long time since we met last.

   自从我们上次见面以来已经有好长时间了。
3.在复合句中,如果主、从句表示的动作或状态都发生在过去,而且有先后,则在先的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。例如:
  When he got there, the train had left.

     当他到那儿的时候,火车已经开了。
   He said he had visited the school before.

      他说他以前参观过那所学校。

                      【小试身手】

1. If he ___ harder , he will catch up with us soon.

(04 北京)A. study  B. studies  C. will study  D. studied 2. I will go swimming with you if I ___ free tomorrow.

(04哈尔滨)A. will be  B. shall be  C. am  D. was
3.If you ___ a chance to study in a foreign country ,just take it .

(04 苏州)A. getting B. had got C. will get D. get
4. Don’t leave until he ___ back.()
A. have come  B. comes  C. will come  D. came
5. “ Shall we have the volleyball match tomorrow?” “ Oh, it will be put off if it ____.(04 黄冈)
A. snows  B. is snowing  C. snowed D. will snow
6.-Tell him about the news when he ____ ,John.

  - Yes, I will.(04 宁波)
  A.comes   B.will come  C.would   D.is coming
7.Tomorrow we will go to the city park____ it is sunny.

(05 安徽) A.as soon as  B. when  C. if  D. as
8.Please don’t leave until your teacher ___back.(05河南)A. will come B .came C. comes D. is coming
9 .I want to know if there ___a sports meeting next month . If they ___ it , I must get ready for it。(05青岛)
  A. is,will hold           B. will be, hold

  C. will be, will hold     D. will have, hold
10. -Mary, what about going boating if it ___tomorrow.

   -Good idea.
A. not rain  B. will rain  C. doesn’t rain D. won’t rain

参考答案:1-5  BCDBA   6-10 ACCBC

 

 

wo我:在百度上看到觉得挺实用的,对考试有帮助!http://www/uc/myshow/blog/misc/gif/E___6708EN00SIGG.gif

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