非谓语动词：to do; doing; done

1 不定式

1）做主语：To learn an art well is very hard.

           It’s very hard to learn an art well.

练习：

要把所有单词都被下来很难。

要中500万彩票不容易啊。

想不劳而获不可能。

2) 做表语：表示主语的职业，职责或性质

           My job is to make English grammar easier.

           My goal is to be a scientist.

练习：

他的目的是让每个人都过上富裕的生活。

这个项目是为了帮助更多的孩子有机会上学。

 

3) 做宾语：

A: 固定搭配    I hope to go to US as soon as possible.

B: 补足语：    I feel it necessary to keep an electronic dictionary at hand.

               I think it essential to get everything done before we leave.

We all expect you to come this weekend.

               Parents want their children to develop fully.

4) 做定语：I have a meeting to attend.

           Working parents usually don’t have enough time to stay with their children.

5) 做状语：

目的  To keep warm, we shut all the windows.

结果  He woke up and looked out of the window to find the world outside greatly changed. （意料外）

原因  I’m pleased to be invited to talk here.

 

2 动名词

1）做主语：表示概念，习惯或经验

           Finding a job is difficult these days.　(It)

           Talking mends no holes.

2) 做表语： My hobby is painting.

3) 做宾语：

固定搭配   Would you mind opening that door?

          

介宾：My parents are fond of going to art galleries and often take me with them.

      I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him.

 

3 分词

1）做表语    The report is very encouraging.

             The book is boring.

             All the students were bored at the movie.

2) 做定语    China is a developing country.

             We only sell used books in our bookstore.

             The man sitting at the back is our professor.

3) 做补语    I found this book very interesting.

            If you want to make yourself respected, you are above all to respect others.

4) 做状语    Having finished his speech, he answered our questions. (时间)

            Living far from the school, I have to get up early every morning. (原因)

            The fire lasted a whole night, causing great damage. (意料中结果)

            I hunted around from city to city, hoping to get a job. (伴随)

            United, we stand; divided, we fall. (条件)

填空：

Blank Fillings:

1. 中国是一个发展中国家，属于第三世界（the Third World）

China is a ______________ country, _______________ the

Third World.

2.      正在修建的这座房子将作我们的餐厅。

   The building ______________ will be served as  our

dining- hall.

3.      由于不知道地址,我们没法和他取得联系。

____________ his address, we have no

way_________________ with him.

4.      既不懂当地的语言，在这国家又没有朋友，她觉得要想找

到工作是不可能的。

________________the local language and having no

friend in the country, he found it impossible

___________a job.

5.      生长在农村，他对农民的生活有着深刻的了解。

________ and _______________ in the countryside, he

knows better about the hard life of pleasant. 

6.      近年来在党的领导下，人们的生活的条件有了大大的改

善。

   In recent years, _________ by the Party, people find their

 living conditions greatly ______________.

7.      这本书用简易英语写成,很容易读懂

______________ in simple English, the book is easy

_____________.__

英译汉

1 These must be pierced by a fork before cooking, to prevent bursting.

2 As the United Nations report on access to water reiterated in November 2001, more than one billion people lack access to clean drinking water.

3 Heating water, you can change it into steam.

4 Always read the meter from left to right, ignoring any red dials.

5 Born and bred a country man, he wasn’t used to the life in town.

6 As shown in Table 1, the unpredictable noise produced more errors in the later proofreading task than predictable noise.

汉译英

1) 你一定要记住把我的信发了。

 

2) 那天在街上散步的时候，我碰到了一位老朋友。

 

3) 据说他学习非常刻苦，并通过了考试。

 

4) 筹集的资金主要是用来帮助那些无家可归的人。

 

5) 日益恶化的环境已经引起人们的广泛关注。

 

6) 我后悔没听老师的忠告。

 

7) 他由于从未做过公开演讲而感到紧张。

 

8) 和你相比，我们还有很大差距。

 

9) 请填写这份表格，写下你的姓名，电话和住址。

 

10）预留的座位在哪？