加载中…【看纪录片学单词】之《透视美国.04.美国制造》
(2014-04-13 17:11:07)
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作品简介：该片介绍了美国制造业的现况，包括高端制造如大众汽车、航空母舰，和传统工艺如马丁木吉他，还有新兴行业如Intel, face book, 家用机器人。虽然很多劳动力密集型和能源密集型行业搬到了国外，但最尖端的生产还在美国本土，美国制造业还是全世界的第一名。
影片长度：53 分钟
词汇统计：
★ 四级词汇： 124 个
★★ 六级词汇：51 个
★★★ 雅思、托福及以上词汇：62 个
学习指南：以下单词均出自影片台词，前面标一星的为四级词汇，二星的为六级词汇，三星的为雅思、托福及以上词汇。大家根据自己的考试要求选择性学习。【看纪录片学单词】可分三步进行，第一步：把影片完整看一遍，可看中文字幕，了解影片内容。第二步：看一小段，然后对照下面的单词进行学习。学完以后进行第三步，即再次把影片从头到尾看一遍，重温重点词汇和好的口语表达以及背景知识，最后还需反复浏览以下这些词句（可以打印出来，或者存手机）。
在线观看：http://v.pps.tv/play_38XFCG.html
下载地址：http://www.dy2018.com/html/gndy/jddy/20130919/91849.html
（注：网络视频翻译不是很准，看片的时候主要看英文字幕，参考我的中文翻译）
★★ episode
★ transformation
★ reshape
★★★ ruthless
★★★ relentless
★★ innovation
In this episode, we'll uncover a revolution -- a transformation that's well under way, reshaping who we are and what we make. We'll enter a surprising world of constant change, ruthless competition and relentless innovation. 本集，我们将会揭开一场革命，一项转型在顺利的进行，改变我们是谁、我们该什么，我们将进入一个不断变化令人惊讶的世界，残酷的竞争和不懈的创新。
★★★ interlocking
★ assembly
★★ manpower
We'll explore the interlocking chains of supply and demand, part and assembly, material and manpower that make our country work. 我们将探讨连锁的供给与需求，组件和零件，材料和维持着我们国家运的转人力资源。
★★ warehouse
This is the only warehouse in the port that stores American-made goods. It's the size of seven football fields. 这是港口唯一储存美国制造产品的仓库，它足足有七个足球场那么大。
★★★ unsettling
★ manufacture
So for many of us, this an unsettling picture -- a picture of a country that's importing more than it's making, of a manufacturing system that's dying. 对我们大多数人来说，这画面让人真不安，这关于美国的画面，进口的要比自己产的还多，制造业仿佛已经死了。
★ landscape
★ emerge
A whole new landscape is emerging, filled with new ideas, new people, and new places, like here in Chattanooga, Tennessee. 一幅完全不同的景象呈现出来，充满了新思想、新的人、新的地方，像这里：查特怒加田纳西。
★★★ logistic
★★ adjacent
★★★ interstate
★★ residential
★★ dual
★★ terrific
This site, from a logistics point of view, it's a beautiful site because it's adjacent to an interstate, you don't have any nearby residential, it's got dual access. It's just a terrific site. 从逻辑学上来说，这是个很美的地方，因为处于洲际交界的地方，这里附近没有居民区，这里有双轨，这里是非常好的选址。
★ specialize
★ raw material 原材料
This is Dennis Cueno. He works as a site selector -- helping companies find locations for their factories. He specializes in high-value manufacturing -- in goods that are worth far more than the cost of their raw materials. 这是耐尼斯·库诺，从事选址工作，为公司选址建工厂，主要是高端产品制造业，那些产品价值都要偏高，相比起它们的原材料。
★★★ spawn
★ boost
★★ profound
While companies like Honda, Toyota, BMW, and Nissan have opened new factories, spawning a vast network of American-owned auto-supply firms -- all these dots you see here. It's been a major boost to our economy and a profound change to our auto industry. 而像本田,丰田,宝马和日产却开了新的工厂，为美产汽车供应公司铺开了巨网。你在这里见到的这些点成为了我们经济的巨大推动力量，并促进了我国汽车行业的深化改革。
★ intensive
★ multi-national
corporation
★ sophisticated
The labor-intensive, low-cost, low-wage class jobs are going to china. But the high-value-added jobs are still staying here. And the fact that this large, multi-national corporation, very sophisticated, can build these cars anyplace has chosen to put $1 billion investment here. 劳动密集型的、低成本的、低工资水平的工作搬到中国去了，而高价值的工作还留在这里。实际上,这大型的多国合作的企业已经非常成熟了，可以在任何一个地方制造这些车，选择投资十亿在这里。
★★ in the midst
of
★ embrace
★ extraordinarily
★ efficiency
Our factories are in the midst of a revolution. They've embraced a new way of thinking about manufacturing -- one extraordinarily focused on efficiency.
我们的工厂处在改革之时，他们对于制造业有着新的想法，尤其注意效率。
★ efficiency
★★★ steroid
Businesses have always cared about efficiency. But this place has put efficiency on steroids. 商业总是要考虑到效益，而这里把效率放在了一个极其重要的位置。
★ profitable
★ coordinate
★ plot out
To be profitable, these people need to make 500 cars a day. And each car has about 20,000 parts. So every movement is coordinated, every action plotted out. 为追求效益，他们一天要生产500辆车，而一辆车包括20000个部件，所以每步都必须协调好，每一步都必须计划好。
★ establish
★★★ autoworker
★ install
★★★ interchangeable
part
★ assembly line
Some of this may look familiar because the basic workflow was established over a century ago, back in the days of the model "T" when Ford autoworkers first installed interchangeable parts on a moving assembly line. 这些看起来很平常，因为这种流水线生产早在一个世纪以前就产生了，在T型发动机小汽车时代，福特公司首次在流水线上安装通用零件。
★★★ Volkswagen
★ assembly line
★ utterly
★ transform
Here at Volkswagen, the assembly line is being utterly transformed. And at the center of it all is something that Henry ford never dreamed of -- robots. 在大众汽车，流水线生产已经完全变了样，这里最核心的一点是 亨利·福特从未想到的，机器人。
★★★ weld
★★★ rivet
There are robots everywhere in this factory -- welding, painting, riveting. They do more than half the work in the plant. 这个工厂里到处都是机器人，焊接、喷漆、铆接，它们做了计划中的一半的事情。
★ tremendous
★ precision
★ efficiency
★ radical
★ shift
Robots do things that are dangerous and difficult, things that require tremendous precision, and they do them fast. The result? incredible efficiency, but many fewer jobs. It's caused a radical shift in the way our country works. 机器人做那些危险和较难的事情，和一些比较精密的工作。他们速度很快，结果呢? 结果却是非常之高效，而且不需要那么多的人员。这使我国工业发生的极大的转变
★ era
★★★ hyper-efficiency
We've entered a new era of hyper-efficiency. Our factories are producing many more goods with fewer people. And all this has resulted in a new kind of autoworker. 我们已经进入高效的新纪元，我们的工厂能够用更少的人生产更多的产品，这就产生了一种新型汽车工人。
★★★ Volkswagen
★ drill
★★ sergeant
The man in charge is Albert Graser, Volkswagen's master trainer -- part philosopher, part drill sergeant. 负责人是艾伯特·格雷舍，大众的培训师，半个哲学家，半个操练军士。
★ back and
forth
★ permanently
★ mount
★ eliminate
The time that it takes him to pick this up and put it back and forth is unnecessary. What I want him to ask me for is to recognize that if this was permanently mounted there, he can completely eliminate them steps, saving a lot of time. 他花在把这拿起来再把他放回去的时间是多余的，我想要他问我的是，认清如果这是固定好的话他完全可以不用做这一步，这将节省很多时间。
★★★ counterintuitive
★★★ automation
★★ diminish
That's a little bit counterintuitive for me. Because I always thought the whole industry was moving towards automation and that the role of the individual is slowly diminishing. But what you're trying to do is the opposite. You're trying to empower these employees. 这对我来说是有点违反直觉的，因为我总是想到整个行业都是自动化的，个人工作已经逐渐消失了，但你做是正好相反，你却在训练这些员工。
★★★ weaponry
★ missile
★★ submarine
★★★ fighter jet
★★★ spy balloon
America makes more weaponry than every other nation on earth by far. From missiles to submarines, fighter jets to spy balloons, we spend over $400 billion a year just making arms. That's six times more than any other country. 美国制造了比世界上任何一个国家都更多的武器。从导弹到潜水艇，从喷气飞机到侦察气球。我们每年花费超过4千亿来制造武器，这是其他国家的六倍。
★ enormous
★ plague
★ inefficiency
★★★ the U.S.
Defense
★ budget
But historically, this enormous industry has been plagued by inefficiency. From 2008 to 2010, the U.S. Defense budget had $135 billion of cost over-runs. 但是历史上这一大工业曾被低效率困扰着，从2008年到2010年，美国的军事预算已经超支了1350亿。
★★★ aircraft
carrier
★★ dock
★ budget
★ advanced
★★★ shipyard
★★★ bygone
★ era
★ deceive
★ rust
★★★ grime
★ dramatically
This is the US’s Gerald Ford, a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier lying in a dry dock in Newport News, Virginia. Even though it's budgeted to cost $10 billion and will be the most advanced aircraft carrier on the planet, looking around, this shipyard looks like something from a bygone era. But looks can be deceiving. Beneath all the rust and grime, this place is starting to change -- dramatically. 这里是美国军舰吉拉德·福特，一个核动力航空母舰，坐落在福吉尼亚纽波特纽斯的一个船坞。虽然预算是100亿，这将是世界最先进的航空母舰。看看周围，这个造船厂像是过去的一样，但是外表是具有欺骗性的，在这锈和污垢的下面，这个地方将开始一个戏剧性的改变。
★ frame
★★★ hull
★★★ cramped
In the past, they were built like this. The hull was constructed first in one big frame, and everything else was built into the hull as it went up. The work was slow, complicated, and cramped. 过去他们像这样做，船体首先在一个大框架中建成，做成后他的部件再一件件的添上去，整个工作缓慢而复杂。
★★★ lean
★ virtual
★ blueprint
★ installation
To keep Lawrence and his crews as lean as possible, the engineers here have developed their own computer software -- a kind of virtual-reality blueprint system that allows designers like Brand Edison to plan the installation of each piece of the carrier. 为了使劳伦斯和他的同事们尽可能的高效，这里的工程师已经研制了属于他们自己的软件，一种模拟现实的蓝图系统，这就允许布莱恩·安德森等设计师把所有的部件都组装在一起。
★★ predecessor
★ vacuum
★ interact
★★ foul
The predecessor of the Gerald Ford was done in pen and ink. So they would draw ink and vellum and they would draw the drawings. The problem with the ink and vellum was the guy designing the piping system would pretty much design in a vacuum. He wouldn't know what everybody else was doing. And that's exactly what the 3-d product model gives you, is you get all of the systems in the space at one time, and you start to see where the systems interact and where there are fouls. 吉拉德·福特的前辈用的是笔和墨水，所以他们用墨水和牛皮纸画图纸。墨水和牛皮纸的问题是，设计管道系统的人也许很在行一个人设计，他也许并不清楚别人做的什么。那就是3D模型能弥补的，在同一时间同一地点你能知道所有，你还能知道这个系统的相互作用，哪里出了错。
★★ iconic
This place might seem like a wasteland. But what you're actually looking at is the rebirth of America's most iconic industry -- steel. 这看起来像是垃圾场，但是你看到其实的是美国工业的代表---钢铁制造。
★★★ stagnant
★ collapse
For more than a century, we were the greatest steel-making nation on earth. Then we grew stagnant. Foreign competitors began producing steel that was better and cheaper. And in the 1980s, America's steel industry simply collapsed, costing over 300,000 jobs. 一个多世纪，我们是世界大最的产钢国。然后便停滞了，外国公司开始产钢比我们的更好更便宜。在80年代，美国钢产业崩溃了，损失了300000多个工作岗位。
★ giant
★ pursue
★★★ maverick
★ strategy
★★ scrap
The company is called Nucor. As America's steel giants fell, it pursued a maverick strategy -- buying up scrap-metal yards like this all across the country and focusing its entire business on recycling. 这就是纽柯公司，随着美国钢铁巨人的倒下，他采取了一种不同寻常的策略。买下像这样的废铁，在全国范围内致力于回收再造。
★ enormous
★★★ iron ore
★★ scrap
★★ fringe
★ ingredient
★ profitable
★ breakthrough
It was an enormous risk. Steel was traditionally made from iron ore, and scrap was a fringe ingredient. It was cheap and plentiful. But nobody knew how to make it into profitable steel. Solving that problem was Nucor's big breakthrough. The secret, they discovered, lay in the most basic part of the process -- heat. 这是一个很大的冒险，钢一直以来是从铁矿石炼来的，废铁只是边缘成份，只是这些很便宜也很多，但是没人知道怎么把他们变成有价值的钢，这个问题的解决是纽柯的重大突破，他们发现的秘密就在于炼钢的基本环节--加热。
★ supervise
★ precise
★★ specification
★★★ furnace
Dwayne Thomas supervises the melt team here. His job is to make sure that each load of scrap is heated to a precise set of specifications, which means he's constantly on the move between a tiny air-conditioned control room and the 3,000-degree furnace. 德维恩·托马斯监督着他们，他的工作就是确保装载的每个废金属加热到精确规定的度数，这意味着他要一直运动，在一间小空调控制室和三千度的熔炉间来回。
★★★ furnace
★★ innovative
★★ steel mill
★ strategy
★★★ electrode
★ flexibility
This electric furnace is key to Nucor's innovative strategy. In a traditional steel mill, furnaces are powered by burning fuel and can take days to reach the right temperature. This furnace, which is heated by electrodes, can power up or down in a matter of hours, providing flexibility never before seen in this industry. 这个电弧炉是钢铁公司主要的创新策略。在传统的钢铁公司，熔炉由燃料燃烧驱动，数天时间才能达到合适的温度。这个熔炉由电极导热，几小时就可以让温度起伏。提供了在这个行业前所未有的灵活性。
★★★ electrode
★★ insulated
-- Is that the electrode? 这就是电极?
-- That is the electrode. 是的,这就是电极
-- So basically, there's a big electric current running through that thing? 基本上说，现在有电穿过这个东西?
-- Right, but all around the electrode, it's insulated so the electricity is directed into the steel. 是的,在电极的周围，它是绝缘的，电流直接进入钢铁。
★ competitive
★ idle
★ stack
This furnace makes Nucor highly competitive. Unlike a traditional mill, they can make steel to order at a moment's notice, which means that the scrap that Dwayne's melting now won't sit idle for long. Before the day is over, it will be poured, rolled, cooled, and stacked for delivery to the customer. 这个熔炉大大提高了尼柯公司的竞争力，和传统钢铁公司不一样，他可以看到订单片刻就制造，这意味着在德维恩融化的废弃物不会长时间闲置，在一天时间内，它会被灌注、卷起、冷却，然后发货给顾客。
★ profitable
★★ scrap
★ triumph
★★ innovation
It's made Nucor the most profitable steelmaker in the country and one of the largest recycling businesses in the world. Nationwide, they recycle one ton of scrap every two seconds. They're a triumph of American innovation. 这使得尼柯公司成为全国最有利润的钢铁制造商，也是全球最大的回收业务。每两秒钟,他们要回收一吨的废物，这是美国创新的一个胜利。
★★ innovative
★ manufacturing
★★★ microchip
This is Chandler, Arizona, home to what is perhaps the most innovative manufacturing site on earth -- an Intel microchip factory. If you own a computer, chances are good that its brain was built in here. 这是亚利桑那州钱德勒市，是地球上创新产业的大本营。英特尔芯片的生产基地，如果你有一台电脑，很有可能它的芯片就是在这儿制造的。
★★★ obsess
It's extraordinarily difficult to get into this place because Intel is obsessed with cleanliness. 这个地方很难进入，因为英特尔对卫生的要求极其得高。
★★ vent
★ filter
★ manipulate
★★★ circuitry
★★★ infinitesimally
There are little robots running all over the ceiling, vents on the floor filtering air to keep the place thousands of times cleaner than a hospital operating room, and there are machines everywhere, manipulating chips that are layered with circuitry that's infinitesimally small. 天花板上有许多小机器人在奔跑，地板上的通风孔过滤着空气，让这里比医院的手术室还要干净一千倍。到处都是机器，操做中的芯片是分层电路，它极其微小。
★★★ micron
★★★ nanometer
★ slice
A human hair is 80 microns. One micron has 1,000 nanometers in it. We're printing here 32-nanometer technology. So imagine that. You take a micron, right, which your hair is 80 of them, and you even slice that down even further. It blows my mind. 人的头发是八十微米，一微米等于一千纳米。我们现在正在拷贝的是三十二纳米技术。你可以想象一下，你有一微米，你的头发是它的八十倍。你需要把它进一步切割。这让我都难以置信。
★★★ microchip
★★★ circuit board
★ arithmetic
In the early 1950s, before microchips, computers were the size of a house. They were powered by circuit boards as big as your hand, and they could only perform basic arithmetic. 在二十世纪五十年代早期，在英特尔芯片之前，电脑和房子一样大，他们使用像手掌大小的电路板提供动力，而且他们只能运行最基本的算术。
★★★ laurel
★★ innovate
But Intel can't afford to rest on its laurels. The world is filled with technology companies that are eating into its market share. To stay on top, Intel must continue to innovate. 但是英特尔不能只靠吃老本，世界上有许多技术公司，他们不断地侵蚀市场份额，要保持在这个领域顶峰的位置，英特尔还需要不断创新。
★★ exotic
Here, Intel has gathered a unique team of researchers. These people aren't just engineers. Some, like Brian David Johnson, have much more exotic job titles. 这里，英特尔聚集了一个特殊的研究团队，这些人不仅是工程师，比如说,布莱恩·大卫·约翰逊，他还有更多特殊的头衔。
★★★ daunting
★ evolve
Where the things that you and I do every day hold clues to help them keep pace with the market. It sounds daunting, but this is how manufacturing evolves. 我们每天做的事帮助他们与市场同步，这听起来很吓人，但这就制造业的进化史。
★ thriving
Companies try things. Some fail, but many succeed. And all across America, I found companies thriving in surprising ways, sometimes in the most unexpected places. 公司一直在创新，一些失败了,但也有一些成功了。整个美国，我发现有些公司以一种令人非常吃惊发方式繁荣着，有的时候，是在最没有想到的地方。
★★ cradle
★★ bleak
★ landscape
★★ steel
mill
★★ garment
★★★ amidst
★ decay
★ blossom
This is Lehigh valley, Pennsylvania, home to Allentown, Bethlehem, and Nazareth. Once a cradle of industry, the valley is now at the heart of America's "rust belt" -- a bleak landscape of abandoned factories. The remains of steel mills that couldn't compete garment-makers that moved overseas. Yet hidden amidst all the decay is one company that's blossomed. This is martin guitars. 这里是宾夕法尼亚州的大峡谷，是亚兰顿,伯利恒和拿撒勒的故乡。曾是工业的摇篮，但现在是"铁锈地带"的中心，有很多被废弃的工厂。有钢铁厂遗留的废墟，那些工厂竞争不过迁移到国外的制衣厂。不过在这片废墟中却有一家公司屹立不倒，那就是马丁吉他。
★ delicate
No one knows this better than Willard Silvius. He's been with the company for 46 years and performs its most delicate task -- neck-fitting. 没有谁比威拉德·西尔维尔斯更了解这里的情况，他在厂里干了46年，最一件最精致的事情 – 装琴颈。
★ bankrupt
★ competitive
★ expand
★★★ outsourcing
★★★ relentless
30 years ago, martin almost went bankrupt trying to stay competitive by expanding and outsourcing -- a disaster that still drives its relentless focus on tradition today. 30年前,马丁差点就破产了，它尝试发展延伸产品以保持竞争力。这个灾难让它更加专注于传统工艺。
★★★ stick to your
knitting
★★★ acoustic
guitar
There's a famous saying at martin which is, "stick to your knitting." that's all we do. We just stick to one thing, one thing we're good at. We know we're good at making acoustic guitars. That's one thing we know. We think we're the best in the world. We think we're the best that's ever been at making acoustic guitars. So why would you do anything else? 在马丁有个说法，那就是“坚持做自己的事”， 我们也是这样做的。我们只是坚持一件我们很擅长的事, 我们知道我们是全世界木吉他做得最好的。所以你为什么还要去干别的呢?
★ automate
★★ specification
★★★ replicate
It seems like you could maybe automate a lot of this stuff, right? If you can figure out the specifications for the best guitar, couldn't you just replicate that using machines? 就像你可以让很多东西自动化,对吗? 如果你知道最好的吉他的规格，你能不能用机器来复制这个规格呢?
★ strategy
★★★ solely
★ refine
★ productivity
Fred may seem old-fashioned, but he's developed a clever business strategy. He knows that martin can't rely solely on tradition. New instrument makers using new technologies are springing up all over the globe. So Fred's carefully refining martin's factory, adding machines that increase productivity without sacrificing quality. 弗瑞德可能看起来有点保守，但是他开发了一个聪明的商业策略。他知道马丁不能仅仅依靠传统工艺，新乐器制造商使用新技术在世界上就像雨后春笋一样涌现。弗瑞德对马丁进行了细心的改革，增加了机器，提高了生产力，但却没有牺牲品质。
★ crucial
The jobs that were crucial to the way our guitars sound and the way they feel -- we didn't want to change those things. 这项工作对于吉他音色和手感至关重要，我们不希望改变这些东西。
★ automate
★★★ brute
★ machinery
★★ maximize
So you've tried to automate the non-value added parts, ones that just require kind of brute machinery. But the ones where you actually require a high level of human skill, you try to maximize your production by applying those to the areas where it's most needed. 所以你试图让一些而外的非核心价值的部分自动化，那些需要粗糙的机器加工。但是需要高水平人工技能的地方，你试图在最需要的地方应用机器以便让产量最大化。
★ productivity
★ inspiring
★★ embody
★ thriving
Fred has increased martin's productivity by 40% without dismissing a single worker. It's an inspiring story. And this place embodies the most basic thing I've learned about American manufacturing -- it's thriving. 弗瑞德在没有解雇任何一个工人的情况下，为马丁增加了40%的产量。这个地方体现了我所了解的美国制造最本质的东西—繁荣。
★ tremendous
★★ acoustic
guitar
★ automobile
★★★ microchip
★★★ pharmaceutical
We make a tremendous amount of stuff. And I'm not just talking about acoustic guitars or automobiles or microchips. We're making airplanes, farm equipment, pharmaceuticals, and more. 我们制造很多东西，我不不仅仅是说木吉他、汽车还有芯片。我们还制造飞机、农业器材、药物，等等。
★★ innovation
★ spur
Despite whatever you may have heard America is actually the number-one manufacturing nation on earth. Some of our most traditional industries are riding a remarkable wave of innovation, and new ones are springing up all the time, spurred by something that's changing everything about what we make. 除了这些你听说过的，美国是地球上最大的制造业国家，我们一些传统行业正引领着创新的潮流，新事物一直像雨后春笋一样涌现。受到某些事物的刺激，这改变着我们创造的一切事物。
★ isolated
★ dot
★★★ stark
★ landscape
★ striking
★ feature
★★ trench
This is one of the most isolated places in America -- about 2,000 square miles dotted with a handful of towns, none with more than a few thousand people. It's a stark landscape with one striking feature -- this narrow trench that's being cut into the ground. 这是美国最遥远的地方，约2000平方英里，点缀着一些小镇，居住人口不超过几千人。这个荒凉的地方去有一个显著的特色，一条狭窄的沟渠正被挖开。
★ distribute
★★ unprecedented
★★★ fiber-optic cable 光缆
Because it holds something that is connecting every home in this remote area to the world, something that's distributing goods and ideas on an unprecedented scale -- fiber-optic cable. 因为它藏有一些连接这个遥远地方与整个世界的东西，一些使物品和思想以史无前例的方式传播的东西 --- 光纤。
★ integrate
And from there, it travels to a routing station nearly 200 miles away -- a station that can send my request anywhere by integrating it with a vast network of wireless towers that cover the country, connecting almost everyone. It's the most powerful network in history. 从那里，到路由站的路程几乎有200英里之远，而由这个路由站可以将我发出的请求传达到任何地方，通过将它由遍布整个国家的无线基站的庞大网络集合起来，几乎可以和所有人取得联系。这是历史上最强大的网络。
★★ embody
Mike Schroepfer helps run this place, and he knows better than anyone how Facebook embodies a new kind of manufacturing. 迈克·斯瑞普菲负责管理这里，他也比任何人都更加了解Facebook是如何体现出这种新兴产业的。
★★ overwhelming
This philosophy is key to Facebook. It may seem like a simple website. But it's really a completely new type of product. And the response has been overwhelming. 而这个理念就是Facebook的关键所在，它可能看起来只是一个简单的网站，但却是一种完全新型的产品，反响异常强烈。
★ platform
★ launch
★★ retailer
★ revenue
It's even started offering software called "Facebook Platform" that allows anyone to launch a business online. From gamers to retailers, "platform" has created thousands of new companies and billions in revenue. 它甚至开始为人们提供一种叫做"脸书平台"的软件了，它可以让任何人都可以在网上经营自己的事业，不论是游戏商还是零售商，平台"已经创造出成千上万个新型企业，带来了上亿的收入。
★★ nurture
★★ visionary
The valley is now home to Apple, Ebay, Google, and countless other companies that are world leaders simply because of the ideas they've nurtured. It's a testing ground for visionaries. 现在这个峡谷成为了苹果公司、易趣公司、谷歌公司还有其他无数个世界领导公司企业的基地，全是因为他们培养起来的灵感，这里是梦想家的试验田。
★★ mock
We all celebrate the successes and mock the failures. And no one knows what's coming next. 我们总是为成功者欢呼为失败者唏嘘，但没有人知道接下来会发生什么事。
★★★ personalized
★ laundry
This thing isn't designed to work in a factory. It's supposed to live in your house. It's called personalized robotics. It's about figuring out what robots can do for us in our everyday lives. Some of these robots have been taught to fold laundry, others to bake cookies. 它们不是用来从事工厂工作的，而是家庭管家。他被叫做个性化的机器人，看看它们能在我们的日常生活中为我们做些什么。他们其中有的知道如何折叠洗熨衣服，有的会制作蛋糕。
★ strategy
★ significant
★ discount
★ ambitious
Behind it all is a very unusual business strategy. The software that powers these robots is free. You can download it at home right now. And if you run a research lab, you can buy one of these things at a significant discount. Because in the short term, Willow Garage isn't trying to make a profit. Its goals are much more ambitious. 在它背后是一种不同寻常的商业战略，操控这些机器人的软件是免费的，你可以随时在家里把它下载下来。如果你有一个研究实验室的话，你也可以以很低廉的价格买到一个。因为短期内，Willow Garage并不想通过这个来获利，他有更加远大的目标。
★ intellectual
property
★ model
★★ innovation
A lot of companies, they develop intellectual property, and they want to keep it kind of closed. They want to own it so that they can profit from it. But your model is very different. You're sort of giving all your innovations out to the rest of the world. Why are you doing that? 很多公司企业他们都有自己的知识产权，而且他们都想保护自己的知识产权，他们想垄断它,然后由它获利。但是你的模式很不相同，你似乎把你所有的发明都公布出去。为什么要那么做?
★★★ catalyst
We want to get computers out of the server rooms, and we want to get robots out of the factories. And we want to see those things come together in the real world. We think that we can be a catalyst by doing that. We think of it like the p.c. industry. There were early products that were really expensive, and then the p.c.s came out and really started to take off. And we think we're in the days of those early products now. 我们想要电脑不要只局限在服务器机房里，我们还想要机器人不单单只是在工厂里工作，我们想要所有的这一切都能在现实生活中得以实现，通过这样做我认为我们可以作为整件事情的催化剂，我们想像电脑行业一样，早期的产品要研发出来所要花费的资金通常是十分高昂的，随即产生了个人电脑，并进入了实质性阶段。我认为我们现在处在这个产品的早期。
★★★ from scratch
But creating a new industry from scratch isn't easy, especially when your product is so complex. 但白手起家创造一个新产业不容易，尤其是你的产品这么复杂。
★ revise
★ sensitive
★ adaptable
So Willow Garage is constantly revising its work, trying to make their robots more sensitive and adaptable. 所以Willow Garage还在不断改进，试图把机器人变得更灵敏适应性更强。
★ reward
★ immense
Willow Garage is
risking a fortune because the reward is potentially immense.
They could change the world.
★ account
for
★ spur
★★★ spin-off
★ manufacturing
sector
★★ robust
American manufacturing is still number one. It still accounts for 12% of the U.S. economy, employs about 11 million people and it spurs a lot of other spin-off jobs that are important to the economy. And I can't imagine an America in which the manufacturing sector is not robust. 美国的制造业仍是最棒的，它占美国经济的12%，招收了一千一百万工人，同时提供了很多其他的副产品岗位，这对经济发展很重要。我无法想象美国制造业不再繁荣的景象。
★ endure
★ tremendous
★★★ upheaval
American manufacturing is enduring a tremendous upheaval. Jobs have been lost and companies destroyed. But my journey surprised me. Where I'd expected to see things falling apart, I found them being built. Looking for weakness, I found strength over and over again. 美国制造业正在经历一场巨大的改变，工人失业，工厂倒闭。原以为会看到一片惨败景象，但我却发现他们正在发展，本想看弱点，但最终却是一次又一次看到了它的强大。
★★ misconception
★★ innovation
It's a misconception that America is not making things like it used to. Maybe we produce less physical things, but in terms of innovation, I mean, where does google come from, right? Where does Facebook come from? where does any number of new -- the internet? Right? It comes out of this country, And it's not like that was an accident, right? It's a way that we think about things. 认为美国没和以前一样生产产品，这是一个误解。也许我们生产物质性的东西少了，但在创新方面，google 从哪来的？facebook 从哪来的？网络从哪里来的? 都是来自这个国家，这不是个巧合，这是我们的思维方式。
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