加载中…【看纪录片学单词】之《人类星球.07.河流》
(2013-12-17 16:31:33)
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【看纪录片学单词】之《人类星球.07.河流》
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作品简介：河流流经地球上每个角落，带给我们生命之源，淡水，食物，以及便利的交通。然而，水可载舟，亦可覆舟，可以形成洪水、冰冻，甚至干涸，消失殆尽。该片呈现了几处令人难以置信的求生精彩片段：湄公河，当地一位渔民在洪水上方走钢丝到岛上捕鱼；喜马拉雅詹斯冰河，一位父亲带着两孩子沿着冰河六天六夜的求学之路；孟加拉国，恒河洪水即将吞噬人们的家园，大家齐心协力挽救财产；南美洲，亚马逊洪水期，一位母亲通过一年的乌龟放养计划，养活了家人；非洲赞比西河，维多利亚瀑布顶端捕鱼；肯尼亚南部，驼队跟着大象找水源；梅加拉亚，一位女孩和他的叔叔用树藤编织生命之桥，通过与大自然协作，克服自然造成的难题。
影片长度：59 分钟
词汇统计：
★ 四级词汇： 26 个
★★ 六级词汇： 14 个
★★★ 雅思、托福及以上词汇： 41 个
学习指南：以下单词均出自影片台词，前面标一星的为四级词汇，二星的为六级词汇，三星的为雅思、托福及以上词汇。大家根据自己的考试要求选择性学习。【看纪录片学单词】可分三步进行，第一步：把影片完整看一遍，可看中文字幕，了解剧情和背景知识。第二步：看一小段，然后对照下面的单词进行学习。学完以后进行第三步，即再次把影片从头到尾看一遍，重温重点词汇和好的口语表达以及背景知识，最后还需反复浏览以下这些词句（可以打印出来，或者存手机）。
在线观看：http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/6EdqmynYvB0/
下载地址：http://kuai.xunlei.com/d/OMEWPXWLFGCJ
★★ carve
★★ habitat
★★★ ingenuity
Only one creature has carved a life for itself in every habitat on Earth. That creature is us. All over the world, we still use our ingenuity to survive in the wild places, far from the city lights, face to face with raw nature. 只有一种生物为了自己的生存，在地球的每一个角落都留下了印迹，那就是人类，天地悠悠，我们仍依靠创造力来努力存活于世，远离文明开化的城市，直面原始险恶的自然。
★ essential
★ ready-made
Humans have always been drawn to rivers. Rivers flow through every environment, bringing us the essentials of life- fresh water, food, and ready-made highways. But what rivers give, they can also take away. They can flood, freeze and sometimes disappear altogether. 人类总是被河流所吸引，河流流经地球上每个角落，带给我们生命之源，淡水，食物，以及便利的交通。然而，水可载舟，亦可覆舟，可以形成洪水，冰冻，甚至干涸，消失殆尽。
★★★ monsoon
★★★ mighty
★★★ Cambodia
★★★ Laos
★★★ Mekong
★ rapids
It's the monsoon season, and the mighty Mekong, southeast Asia's greatest river, is in full flood. Between Cambodia and Laos, the Mekong current creates the widest rapids in the world. 现在正值季风时节，东南亚最大的河流湄公河蓄水充足，位于柬埔寨和老挝之间的湄公河此时湍流之宽，乃是世界之最。
★ migrate
★ rapids
Migrating fish get trapped here, waiting to get up the rapids. 迁徙的鱼群被困在这里，等待时机穿越激流。
★★★ monsoon
★ swell
★ volume
During the monsoon, the Mekong swells to 20 times its normal volume, which brings more fish, but makes them much harder to catch. 季风时节，湄公河的水量暴增至平时的二十倍，这带来更多的鱼群，但也给捕鱼增加了很大的难度。
★★★ perch
★★ turbulent
★★★ corral
He makes it to his favorite fishing perch. Turbulent currents corral the fish, and Sam Niang soon lands his family's supper. 他终于到达了他所中意的捕鱼地点，汹涌的湍流将鱼赶入网中，山酿很快为家人捕获到了晚餐。
★★★ erratic
It's not just the power of water that makes rivers dangerous. It's their erratic nature too. 河流之所以危险不仅仅在于水的力量，也在于其神秘莫测的本性。
★★★ Tibet
★★★ Himalayas
★★★ impassable
The Zanskar valley is a hidden world on the edge of Tibet, in the heart of the Himalayas. In winter, it's cut off by snow. All roads in and out are impassable. 詹斯卡尔峡谷是西藏边缘的一个神秘世界，就在喜马拉雅山的中心地带。冬天，这里被冰雪覆盖，进出之路尽被阻隔。
★★★ trek
★★★ subzero
★★★ avalanche
It's a six-day trek, so dangerous it's got its own name -- the
Chadar -- the blanket of ice. They'll have to brave subzero
temperatures, avalanches and freezing water.
需要六天的艰苦跋涉
★★ formidable
Term starts in a week. It's time for the school run, a formidable trip for 11-year-old Dolkar. 这学期在一周后开始，上学的时间到了，对十一岁的多卡来说，这是一次艰难的旅途。
★ knit
The family prepare for the journey ahead. Their mother has knitted them thick woolen socks to protect them. 家人提前就为这次旅行做好了准备，母亲为他们织了厚厚的羊毛袜来御寒。
★★★ perilous
This has to be the most perilous school run in the world. 这一定是全世界最危险的求学之路。
★★ expertise
Stanzin has to make sure the ice can take their weight. And his expertise is tested immediately. 斯坦金要确保冰能承受他们的重量，他的这个技能马上就被验证了。
★ barrier
★★★ ledge
The river's current has already melted the ice. Stanzin has to find a way past the barrier. The only way around is a narrow ledge. 流动的河水使得冰层开始融化，斯坦金必须想办法通过眼前的障碍，要么走这边，要么走那边，你们在这里等，这附近唯一一条路是一段狭窄的岩壁。
★★★ Celsius
They mustn't delay. Night is falling fast, and the temperature will plummet to minus 30 Celsius. Luckily, Stanzin knows a cave nearby. 他们不能耽搁，夜幕即将降临，温度会骤降至零下三十摄氏度。幸运的是，斯坦金知道附近有个山洞。
★ advance
★ crack
As he advances, the ice starts to crack. 随着他匍匐前进，冰层开始劈啪作响。
★★★ devastating
It's late February, and the ice is melting here too. Ice blocks are in danger of forming a dam, which might lead to devastating flooding. 现在是二月末，这里的冰层正在融化，巨大的冰块会形成一座危险的大坝，可能会引发破坏极大的洪涝灾害。
★ strip
★★ persuasive
★★★ dynamite
Stage one, cut the ice into long strips. They're still too large to flow under the bridge, so, for stage two, the team uses a more persuasive force， hundreds of kilos of dynamite. 第一步，将冰层切割成长条状。但体积还是太大，无法穿过天桥，所以，进行第二步，采用了更为可靠的做法，安放数百公斤的炸药。
★★★ Bangladesh
★★ displace
★★★ tributary
★ bank
In Bangladesh, tens of millions of people can be displaced when
the Ganges and her tributaries burst their banks. The river is so
strong, it regularly changes course, brushing land aside as it
goes. 在孟加拉
★★★ obliterate
The rest of the villagers look on, helpless, as the rising river obliterates their land. 而其余的居民只能在旁无助地看着越涨越高的河水吞噬着他们的家园。
★★★ turtle
★★ hatch
★ protein
★ precious
River turtles lay thousands of eggs in the dry season beaches, which they leave to hatch. Turtles are a reliable source of protein when the waters rise, so these eggs are precious. 旱季时河龟会在滩涂上，产下数千枚蛋，以待孵育，河水上涨时乌龟是最稳定的蛋白质来源，所以这些蛋就很珍贵了。
★★★ crocodile
★★ drawback
The place they're heading for may be safe from crocodiles, but it does have a drawback. 他们要去的地方也许可以避开鳄鱼，但危险依然存在。
★★★ precarious
The reason Josphat's fishing pools are far from safe is their precarious position, at the very top of Victoria Falls. 约瑟法特的捕鱼地点之所以危险是因为他们所处的位置，正是维多利亚瀑布的最顶端。
★ severe
★ vanish
No rain has fallen here for eight months. It's a severe drought, and the Milgis river has vanished. 八个月来这里没有下过一滴雨，今年旱情极其严重，米尔吉斯河早已消失。
★★★ water-diviner
★★ sniff out
★ trunk
★ sensitive
While Lemagas and his camels rest, not far away, some giant water-diviners are sniffing out the river bed. An elephant's trunk- its nose- is far more sensitive than a human's, which means it can tell where the water table is closest to the surface. 在利马盖和他的骆驼休息之时，不远处，一些体型庞大的水源占卜师在河床上嗅来嗅去，大象鼻子的灵敏度远远超过人类，这意味着它们可以找到何处的水源离地表更近。
★★★ nocturnal
★★★ water-diviner
He doesn't forget his nocturnal water-diviners, for without them, Lemagas and his camels could never survive when they're far away from home. 他从未忘记夜行水源占卜师的恩情，若没有它们，利马盖和他的骆驼群在远离家园的地方势必难以存活。
★★★ mosque
★★★ husk
★★★ ferment
★★★ consistency
Ouseman's problem is this - every year the mosque needs a fresh coat of mud to protect it before the rains arrive. Down in the dry river bed, the mud is blended with rice husks, and then left to ferment. But this year, the mix hasn't reached the right consistency, and now the rains are almost upon him. 乌瑟曼的烦恼在于，每年雨季到来之前，必须给清真寺涂上一层新的河泥来保护它，在干涸的河床上，人们将泥与米糠混合，然后令其发酵，但是今年的发酵物没有达到适当的粘稠度，而大雨将至。
★★★ at the mercy
of
★★ unpredictable
Our relationship with rivers is never easy. Their waters can give us so much but can also take everything away. We will always be at the mercy of their wild and unpredictable nature. 我们与河流的关系纷纭复杂，所谓水可载舟，亦可覆舟，我们总是被河流狂放而且捉摸不定的姿态所支配。
★ inspiring
★★ savage
But one culture has found an inspiring way of mastering their savage rivers. 但有一个民族已经学会与暴虐的河流和平共处。
★★★ monsoon
★ switch
★ raging
★★★ torrent
★★ unpredictable
Nearly all the rain falls during the summer monsoon. Rivers switch from gentle streams to raging torrents. They become wild and unpredictable and almost impossible to cross. 几乎所有降水都发生在夏季季风时节，涓涓细流摇身一变成为滔滔山洪，河水肆虐且难以捉摸，几乎无法渡过。
★ cultivate
★★★ cunning
Harley and his niece Juliana are busy cultivating a cunning solution. 哈利和他的侄女朱莉安娜正忙着进行一项巧妙的解决方案。
★★★ fig
★★ tangled
30 years ago, Harley planted this strangler fig on the river's
edge, and today, he's teaching Juliana how to care for it. The
fig's tangled roots help to prevent the bank being washed away.
三十年前
★★★ deluge
★★★ epic
This is the basis of a structure that will survive any deluge, a living bridge. It's an epic project that no man can complete in one lifetime, so Harley is passing on his knowledge to Juliana. 这是抵御洪水的基本结构，一座生命之桥。这项工程浩大，没人能单靠自己的一生就完成，所以哈利向朱莉安娜传授知识。
★ secure
★ sustainable
★ architecture
With Juliana to look after it, the future of this young bridge looks secure, sustainable, living architecture that will live and grow for generations, one of the very few examples in the world where humans have come up with a successful and natural solution, a way of working with nature to overcome the problems a wild river can cause. 有了朱莉安娜的照料，这座桥的未来令人充满希望，它会成为扎实稳固生命力十足的建筑，并伴随着人们一代又一代的成长。这是全世界甚为罕见的景象，人类发明了这种奏效且天然的解决方案，通过与大自然的协作，来克服自然河流造成的难题。
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