名词复数的不规则变化与所有格

1） child——children　     foot——feet　     tooth——teeth

　　mouse——mice　　　  man——men　     woman——women

注意：由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；

　　2） 单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar， two dollars； a meter， two meters.

　　3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：

people　police　cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle， the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词作复数用，

　　4） 以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，

　　a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，　　b. news 为不可数名词。c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

　　The United Nations was organized in 1945.

 

　　"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。

 

　　5）：glasses （眼镜）　trousers，　clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair（对，双）；　suit（套）； a pair of glasses； two pairs of trousers等。

 

　　6） 另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。

名词的格

　　1） 单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。

　　2） 若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加" ' "，如：the workers' room3） 凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。

　　4） 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barber's 理发店。

5） 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示"分别有"；只有一个's，则表示'共有'.例如：John's and Mary's rooms（两间）　　John and Mary's room（一间）

6） 复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。例如：a month or two's work

 

不可数名词量的表示

　　比较：Cake is a kind of food.　蛋糕是一种食物。 （不可数）

　　These cakes are sweet.　这些蛋糕很好吃。 （可数）

　　c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。例如：

　　Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。

　　Two teas， please. 请来两杯茶。

　　物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice　一则建议。

定语名词的复数

名词作定语　　1）       用复数作定语。例如：

　　sports meeting 运动会    students reading-room 学生阅览室

　　2） man， woman， gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如：

　　men workers　　women teachers　　gentlemen officials

3）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。

two-dozen eggs　两打鸡蛋　 a ten-mile walk 十英里路

two-hundred trees 两百棵树  a five-year plan.

不同国籍人的单复数

中国人 　　the Chinese 　　a Chinese　 　　two Chinese

　澳大利亚人 　　the Australians　 　　an Australian 　　two Australians

the Russians 　　a Russian 　　two Russians

　　the Italians 　　an Italian 　　two Italians

　　the Greek 　　a Greek 　　two Greeks

　　the French 　　a Frenchman 　　two Frenchmen

　　the Japanese 　　a Japanese 　　two Japanese

　　the Americans 　　an American 　　two Americans

　　the Indians 　　an Indian 　　two Indians

　　the Canadians 　　a Canadian 　　two Canadians

　　the Germans 　　a German　　two Germans

the English 　　an Englishman 　　two Englishmen

the Swedish 　　a Swede 　　two Swedes

下面是有关英语名词的练习

1.  This is ___ reading-room.

A. the teacher’s            B. teacher’s

C. teacher’s                D. the teachers’

2.  Nothing was found but ___ broken.

3.  How many___ would you like?

 

A. paper                  B. bread

C. pieces of papers       D. pieces of bread

4.  He was praised for his ___.

 

A. brave                  B. bravery

C. bravely                D. great brave

5.  Please get me a new ___ when you go to town.

A. clothes                 B. dress

C. clothing                D. trousers

6.  There are 34___ doctors in the hospital.

A. woman                B. women

C. woman’s             D. women’s

7.  Some___ are even thinner than your little finger.

 

A. bamboo                B. bamboos

C. kinds of bamboo       D. kinds of bamboos

8.  He was born in this town and now he lives in ___.

A. Building second         B. Building Two

C. the Building Two        D. Building the Second

9.  Old as he is, he has ___to do every day.

A. a lot of work            B. much works

C. lots of homeworks        D. quite a lot of homeworks

10.   Jack’s room is furnished with ___.

A. new furnitures                    B. many new furnitures

C. many new pieces of furnitures     D. many new pieces of furniture

11.   Have you read ___newspaper yet?

A. today’s                B. Today’s

C. the today’s            D. your today’s

12.   It’s not far, only ___walk from here to our school.

A. a ten minutes           B. ten minutes

C. a ten minutes’         D. ten minutes’

13.   Last month, he wrote me ___letter.

A. a 1000-word           B. 1000 words

C. a 1000-words          D. 1000 words’

14.   He had a ___sleep yesterday.

A. a good night           B. a good-night

C. a good night’s        D. good-night’s

15.   ___is not a long way to drive.

C. Three miles’ distance   D. A three-mile-distance

16.   His isn’t fit for the work. Please get me ___.

A. something else          B. somebody else

C. someone else’s         D. somebody’s else

17.   Do you know how large ___ is?

A. population of China     B. Chinese population

C. China population        D. China’s population

18.   ___ is too much for the boy to carry.

A. The box weight           B. The box’s weight

C. The weight of the box    D. The box of the weight

19.   Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest ___ shop?

A. shoes                 B. shoe

C. shoes’               D. shoe’s

20.   What ___ weather we’re having these days!

A. nice                  B. a nice

C. a bad                 D. worse

21.   They say that the meeting will be ___.

22.   I’m going to call at ___ this evening.

A. Mr Black              B. the Blacks

C. Mr Black’s           D. Blacks’

23.   What Darwin said was an attack on people’s religious ___.

A. belief                 B. beliefs

C. beliefs                D. believs

24.   There are some ___waiting for you outside.

A. German               B. American

C. grown-up             D. Japanese

25.   Their factory has developed a kind of ___ to help people walk.

A. machine               B. machines

C. a machine             D. the machine

 

26.   There’re many ___ in my brother’s album.

A. leafs                 B. toys

C. books                 D. stamps

27.   Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of ___.

A. tomatoes              B. potatos

C. vegetable             D. meats

28.   Upon hearing what I said, his ___ rose.

29.   Excuse me, can you change this ___ for me?

A. five-pound note         B. five pounds note

C. five-pound notes        D. five pounds notes

30.   You have to make preparations

_for your journey

31.   While washing up, she broke a ___.

A. glass wine             B. wine glass

C. glass of wine          D. wine of glass

32.   You have worked out the plan and now we must put it into

A. fall                   B. reality

C. practice               D. deed

33.   Here’s my card, Let’s keep in ___.

A. touch                  B. relation

C. connection             D. friendship

34.   I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible, just have a little A. wait                   B. time

C. patience               D. rest

35.   If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask him or her to leave a ___.

A. message                B. letter

C. sentence               D. notice

36. 40.   You need more ___ to keep fit.

A. practice                 B. train

C. exercises                D.exercise

名词部分答案: 1-5 DADBB 6-10 BCBAD 11-15 ADACC 16-20 CDCBA 21-25 CCBDA 26-30 DAAAD 31-35 BCACA 36D

 

2010年中考英语考点复习.名词（附详解）

    1. Sorry， we already have four people in the car， so there ________ for this box.

    A. is a little room              B. are no rooms

    C. is little room              D. are few rooms

    2. Katie， I've bought many ________. Now let's make the birthday cake for Harriet.

    A. frozen food                   B. fresh eggs

    C. chocolate milk               D. rice dumplings

    3. -Where is our head teacher？

    -He's left a ________ saying that he has something important to do.

    A. news    B. message   C. excuse  D. sentence

    4. ________ fathers couldn't come to the school，because they have gone to Changsha.

    A. Li Ping and Wang Hua          B. Li Ping's and Wang Hua

    C. Li Ping and Wang Hua's      D. Li Ping's and Wang Hua's

    5. English is spoken as a first language in ________.

    A. Iraq  B. India      C. Japan      D. Australia

    6. Dean and Carolyn always put small presents in ________ stockings on Christmas Day.

    A. each other's                  B. each other

    C. each others                  D. each others'

    7. -Do you know that beautiful lady with a small bag on her arm？

    -Yes. She is ________ mother.

    A. Hank and Hannah             B. Hank and Hannah's

    C. Hank's and Hannah         D. Hank's and Hannah's

    8. -Are you sure Mr Bush is at home？ He might still be in his office. -Let's ring the ________.

    A. voice B. watch    C. answer D. doorbell

    9. -Which city is the capital of France？

    -________.

    A. Moscow     B. Tokyo      C. London       D. Paris

    10. -Which________ do you like best？

    -I like English best.

    A. music     B. sport      C. subject   D. game

    11. Today is September 10th. It's ________ Day. Let's go and buy some flowers for our teachers.

    A. Teachers' B. Teacher's  C. teachers'   D. the Teachers'

    12. In England， people put their________ first.

    A. given names B. full names C. family names D. English names

    13. -What would you like to drink， Jed and Jeff？

    -________， please.

    A. Two cup of coffee        B. Two cups of coffee

    C. Two cups of coffees        D. Two cup of coffees

    14. "Nightingales Prize" is for ________.

    A. players    B. actors    C. doctors      D. nurses

    15. -What's the ________ today？

    -It's October 1.

    A. day       B. time      C. date          D. hour

1. C.    2. B.    3. B.
    4. D.    5. D.    6. A.    7. B.    8. D.    9. D.    10. C.    11. A.    12. A.    13. B.    14. D.    15. C.