关于电池(蓄电池,干电池,氢燃料电池)和DG
(2010-01-15 08:01:04)
标签:
电池危险品杂谈 |
一.
Sp238: 如果电池能够经受下面给出得振动和压力差实验,并没有电池液得泄漏,电池组可以认为是非溢出的.
A67: 对满足包装说明806的防漏型电池而言,如果在55C(131F)时电解液不会流出破裂的外壳,则可以做普货.
二。锂电池
PSN: BATTERY containing lithium.
Class: 9
Un no.: 3090.
Definition:
SP188: 满足以下, 可以按普货运输.
1. 对于液体阴极电池,含锂量不大于0.5g, 对于电池组, 总含锂量不超过1g;,
1.
2.
SP230: 满足以下,可以做为UN3090运.
1.
2.
3.
4.
SP287.废话.
总之:
2.
PSN: LITHIUM BATTERIES.
CLASS: 9
UN NO.: 3090.
A45: 符合以下, 可以作为普通货.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
DRY BATTERIES
总的来说,只要正确的包装和短路保护,就可以当普通货运. Batteries, dry, containing corrosive electrolyte which will not flow out of the battery if the battery case is cracked are not subject to the provisions of this Code. provided the batteries are securely packed and protected against short-circuits. Examples of such batteries are: alkali-manganese, zinc-carbon, nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium batteries.
三。 干电池。(就是我们家用的普通电池。5号,7号等等)
碱镍
1.
Special Provision 304 which says: “Batteries,
dry, containing corrosive electrolyte which will not flow out of the battery if the battery case is
cracked are not subject to the provisions of this Code provided the batteries are securely packed and
protected against short-circuits. Examples of such batteries are : alkaline-manganese, zinc-carbon,
nickel metal hydride and nickel-cadmium batteries”
注意,对于镍氢干电池,要在文件上表明货物积载必须远离热源.
2. IATA DGR
Special Provision A123 which states: “An electrical battery or
battery powered device having the potential of dangerous evolutions of heat that is not prepared so
as to prevent a short-circuit (e.g. in the case of batteries, by the effective insulation of exposed
terminals; or in the case of equipment, by disconnection of the battery and protection of exposed
terminals) is forbidden from transportation.
二.
The only DOT requirement for shipping these batteries is Special Provision
130 which states: “Batteries, dry, are not subject to the requirements of this subchapter only when
they are offered for transportation in a manner that prevents the dangerous evolution of heat (for
example, by the effective insulation of exposed terminals).”
四。氢燃料电池。
1. IMDG CODE.
2. IATA DGR.
3. CFR49.
五。 燃料电池
Fuel cell cartridges containing flammable liquids.
(a) A fuel cell cartridge must be designed and constructed to prevent the fuel it contains from leaking during normal conditions of transportation and be free of electric charge generating components.
(b) Fuel cell cartridges containing flammable liquids, including methanol or methanol/water solutions, must conform to the following:
(1) The fuel cell cartridge design type without its packaging must be shown to pass an internal pressure test at a pressure of 15 psig (100 kPa);
(2) Fuel cell cartridges must be packaged in rigid outer packagings which meet the requirements of part 178 at the Packing Group II performance level and conform to the general packaging requirements of subpart B of part 173.
(c) Fuel cell cartridges packed in or with equipment are excepted from the packaging requirements in paragraph (b)(2) of this section if the cartridges are packed in a strong outer packaging conforming to the requirements of §§173.24 and 173.24a. For cartridges installed in equipment, the equipment may be considered the outer packaging if it provides an equivalent level of protection. The packaging need not conform to performance requirements of part 178 of this subchapter. The cartridges must be protected against damage that may be caused by the movement or placement of the equipment and the cartridges within the outer packaging.
(d) Fuel cells intended for transportation in carry-on baggage on board passenger aircraft must also meet the applicable provisions prescribed in §175.10 of this subchapter.
五。
UN38.3测试项目
T.1高度模拟试验
T.2热测试
T.3振动试验
T.4冲击试验
150g、6ms或50g、11ms半正弦冲击,每个安装方向进行3次,总共18次;
T.5外短路试验
在55±2℃、外电阻<0.1Ω条件下短路,短路时间持续到电池温度回到55±2℃后1h。
T.6碰撞试验
9.1kg重物自61±2.5cm高处落于放有15.8mm圆棒的电池上,检测电池表面温度。
T.7过充电试验
在2倍的最大连续充电电流和2倍的最大充电电压条件下,对电池过充24h。
T.8强制放电试验
判定测试合格标准
(a)在试验T.1至T.6中,没有发生解体或起火 。
(b)在试验T.1、T.2和T.5中,流出物不是毒性、易燃或腐蚀性物质。
(一)目视观察没有看到排气或渗漏。
(二)没有发生导致重量损失超过表38.3.4.7.1所示者的排气或渗漏。
(c)在试验T.3和T.6中,流出物不是毒性或腐蚀性物质。
(一)目视观察没有看到排气或渗漏。
(二)没有发生导致重量损失超过表38.3.4.7.1所示者的排气或渗漏
包装要求
1、除非安装在设备中(如安装在手机、照相机、对讲机、笔记本电脑等),
电池及原电池必须单独包装以防短路,并装于坚固的外包装内。
2、除非安装在设备中,每个包装件如果装有超过 24个原电池或 12 个电池,
必须还要满足以下要求:
1)每个包装件必须用标记说明内含锂电池及包装件破损时应采取的特殊措
施。
2)每票货必须有随机文件来说明包装件中装有锂电池及包装件破损时应采取
的特殊措施。
3)每个包装件必须能承受任何取向的 1.2m 的跌落试验, 而不损坏包装件内
的电池或元电池,并没有改变其中电池的位置以至电池与电池(或原电池与原电
池)互相接触、没有电池自包装件中漏出。
4)除非锂电池安装在设备中,否则每个包装件的毛重不得超过 30kg。
条件限制
交运的锂电池及锂电池组如果符合如下所有条件可按非限制性物品(非危险
品)运输。如果下述任一条件无法满足,则应按 UN3090 或 UN3091 的危险品收运要求操作
(一)、对锂含量的限制
1、对于金属锂或锂合金原电池,锂含量不得超过 1g;对于锂离子原电池锂当
量含量不超过 1.5g。
注:原电池亦称做电池芯。
2、对于金属锂或锂合金电池,锂总含量不超过 2g,对于锂离子电池锂当量含
量不超过 8g。
注:上述“锂含量”是指锂金属或锂合金电池的阳极上具有的金属锂的量。
而对于锂离子电池,以克为单位的“锂当量含量”的计算方法是以 0.3 乘以额定
容量的安培小时。例如:某手机锂离子电池的额定容量是 800mah(800毫安小时),
则其“锂当量含量”为:0.3 X 0.8(安培小时)=0.24 克。
(二)、符合 UN 测试要求
每个类型的原电池及电池,经测试证明其符合《联合国危险物品运输试验和
标准手册》第 3 部分 38.3 款的所有要求。