加载中…英语简单句的五种基本类型
(2011-06-09 14:14:10)
标签：
教育 |
分类： 中学英语语法 |
英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语
（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）和状语(adverbial)。
基本句型一：
基本句型二：
基本句型三：
基本句型四：
基本句型五：
- 类型1：主语+谓语（+状语）
Example1:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
句义 |
|
1 |
Fire |
burns. |
火燃烧。 |
|
2 |
Birds |
fly. |
鸟飞翔。 |
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Example 2:
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|
主语 |
谓语 |
状语（副词/介词短语/名词） |
名义 |
|
1 |
He |
works |
hard. |
他努力工作。 |
|
2 |
She |
is working |
quickly. |
她快速的走着。 |
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Example3:
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主语 |
谓语 |
状语(不定式/分词) |
句义 |
|
1 |
We |
stopped |
to have a rest. |
我们停下来休息一会儿. |
|
2 |
I |
returned |
to get my book. |
我回来取书. |
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- 类型2: 主语+谓语+宾语
Example1:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语(名/代) |
句义 |
|
1 |
He |
cut |
his finger. |
他割伤了他的手指. |
|
2 |
We |
have already had |
breakfast. |
我们已经吃过了早饭. |
|
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Example2:
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|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语(不定式) |
句义 |
|
1 |
I |
have promised |
to help them. |
我已经答应帮助他们. |
|
2 |
They |
decided |
not to go. |
他们绝不会去. |
|
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Example 3:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语(动名词) |
句义 |
|
1 |
He |
enjoys |
playing chess. |
他喜欢下棋。 |
|
2 |
They |
remembered |
doing it. |
他们记得曾做过此事。 |
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Example4:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语从句 |
句义 |
|
1 |
I |
hope |
(that) you will come here. |
我希望你来这里。 |
|
2 |
I |
suppose |
(that) you will be there. |
我猜想你会在那里。 |
|
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- 类型3:主语+谓语+表语
Example 1:
|
|
主语 |
系动词 |
表语 |
句义 |
|
1 |
This |
is |
a book. |
这是一本书。 |
|
2 |
This book |
is |
mine. |
这本书是我的。 |
|
3 |
They |
are |
hard-working. |
他们很勤劳。 |
Example 2:
|
|
主语 |
系动词 |
表语 |
句义 |
|
1 |
The boy |
looks |
a smart boy |
这孩子看起来很伶俐。 |
|
2 |
This film |
seems |
moving. |
这部电影似乎很动人。 |
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- 类型4：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
Example1:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
间接宾语 |
直接宾语 |
句义 |
|
1 |
I |
gave |
my friend |
the money. |
我给了朋友钱。 |
|
2 |
They |
told |
us |
the news. |
他们告诉我们这消息。 |
|
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Example2:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
间接宾语 |
直接宾语 |
句义 |
|
1 |
I |
gave |
my friend |
the money. |
我给了朋友钱。 |
|
2 |
They |
told |
us |
the news. |
他们告诉我们这消息。 |
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Example3:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
直接宾语 |
for |
间接宾语 |
句义 |
|
1 |
I |
bought |
a gold watch. |
for |
my wife |
我给妻子买了一块金表。 |
|
2 |
They |
saved |
some money. |
for |
me |
他们给我储蓄了一些钱。 |
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- 类型5：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Example1:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语(名/代) |
宾补(不定式to do) |
句义 |
|
1 |
I |
asked |
her |
to open the window. |
我要她打开窗户. |
|
2 |
He |
wants |
me |
to be early. |
他想要我早到. |
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Example2:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语(名/代) |
宾补(不定式to be) |
句义 |
|
1 |
They |
believed |
him |
(to be) innocent. |
他们相信他是无辜的. |
|
2 |
We |
consider |
her |
(to be) honest. |
我们认为她是诚实的. |
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Example3:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语(名/代) |
宾补(省to的不定式) |
句义 |
|
1 |
I |
made |
him |
finish the job. |
我让他做完那件工作. |
|
2 |
You |
mustn’t let |
the matter |
rest here. |
你不可让这事停下来。 |
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Example4:
|
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主语 |
谓语 |
宾语（名/代） |
宾补(现在分词) |
句义 |
|
1 |
I |
saw |
him |
running off. |
我看到他跑开了。 |
|
2 |
I |
smelt |
something |
burning. |
我闻到有东西在燃烧。 |
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Example5:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语（名/代） |
宾补（过去分词） |
句义 |
|
1 |
You |
must get |
your hair |
cut. |
你必须要理发了。 |
|
2 |
She |
had |
a new cap |
made. |
她找人做了顶新冒子。 |
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Example6:
|
|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语（名/代） |
宾补（形容词） |
句义 |
|
1 |
He |
got |
his shoes |
dirty. |
他把鞋子弄脏了。 |
|
2 |
It |
keeps |
us |
warm. |
它使我们保持暖和。 |
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Example7:
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|
主语 |
谓语 |
宾语（名/代） |
宾补（名词） |
句义 |
|
1 |
We |
made |
him |
monitor. |
我们选他当班长。 |
|
2 |
They |
named |
their son |
Henry. |
他们给孩子取名亨利。 |
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