初中英语语法——情态动词专项练习
(2019-01-18 07:27:01)
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初中英语教学八年级上期末复习语法专练 |
分类: 试题 |
初中英语语法——情态动词专项练习
情态动词(Modal Verbs)也称为情态助动词(Modal
Auxiliaries),因为它和基本助动词(be,
1.
2.
3.
常用的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must,
shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词;其他的还有ought to,
need, dare 等。
一、情态动词的时态关系:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测”(can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to)
1.
如:He
can't be at home. 他不可能在家。(否定句)
Can the news be true? 这消息可能是真的吗?
Anybody can make mistakes. 任何人都可能犯错误。(只表示理论上的可能性)
2.
如:It
may rain tomorrow. (表示可能会发生)
It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测)
You might be right. (表示有可能)
3.
如:I
think he will be all right now. 我想他现在一定好了。
(will be 表示一定会)
That would be his mother. 那肯定是他母亲。(would be
表示肯定是)
He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.
他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。(will 表示经常的)
4.
如:I shall be rich one day. (shall be ) 总有一天我会发达的。
That should be Sam and his mother. (should be)那准是Sam和他的母亲。
5.
如:This
must be good for you.(must be 肯定)
All mankind must die.(表示必然会发生的事)
There
must
be a mistake
(must作“一定”解)
三、情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)
1.
如:Can I go with you? (请求)我能跟你一起走吗?
Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可) 爸爸说我可以去看电影。
Could I ask you something? (请求,用 could 比 can 更婉转)我可以问你一件事吗?
2.
如:Will
you
(please)
Would you (please) give me your address? 请你告诉我你的地址,好吗?
(用would比will表示更客气)
3.
如:Shall
we talk?
What should we do next? (用should 比
shall 表示更客气)
Shall he come to see you? (用于第三人称疑问句)
4.
如:You may take a walk. (表示给予许可) 你可以散散步。
You might read the story for me. (比may更婉转) 是否请给我读一读这故事。
May I make a suggestion?
Might I take a look of your
work?
Students may not make noise in the library. (may not 表示不许可或禁止)
学生不得在图书馆里吵闹。
If I may say so, you are not right. (用于条件句,表示请求)
你是不对的,如果我可以这么说的话。
5.
如:Cars
must not be parked here. (must not表示不许可)
All of you mustn't fishing in the pool. (must not 语气方面比 may not 更强)
你们不准在池里钓鱼。
四、情态动词表示“应该”、“必须”(shall, should, may, might, must, ought to)
1.
如:Each
member shall wear a name card. (表示规定)
I should answer his letter as soon as possible. (表示应该)我应该尽快给他回信。
You shouldn't judge a man always by the clothes. (shouldn't “不应该”含有劝告的意思)
The rules shall take effect on Jan. 1st. (shall 用于规章等,表示义务和规定)
新规则于一月一日起生效。
2.
如:Payment
may be paid by check.(表示规定)
You might ask before you use my computer. (might表示应该)
你应该先问过再使用我的电脑。
3.
如:You
must keep the place clean. (务必)
We must obey orders. (表示有义务)
Must I pay now? (用于疑问句) (如回答不必时,需用 needn't 或 don't have to)
我现在就得付款吗?
五、情态动词表示“意图”、“打算”(will, would, shall, should)
1.
如:I'll call you as soon as possible. (will 主要用于第一人称)我会尽快打电话给你。
Will you accept this invitation? (用would 则表示更客气)你愿意接受这邀请吗?
Who will do the job? (用于条件句,可用于各种人称)
We won't(will not)stay here too long. (will not 表示不愿)我们不愿呆在这里太久。
2.
如:We shan't(shall not)go if it rains. (shall not 也可用 will not)
如果下雨,我们就不打算走了。
I shan't go with you. (shall 只用在第一人称)我不打算和你一同走。
六、情态动词表示“意愿”(will, would, shall, should)
1.
如:She
will do it if you ask her.(表示主语的意愿)
Would you have another cup of tea? (用 would 比 will 客气)你想再来一杯茶吗?
Will you have some cookies? (will用于疑问句,表示问人是否愿意)你想吃些烤饼吗?
If he will, he can do it. (will 用于条件句,用于第二、三人称)如果他愿意,他会做的。
Would you excuse me? (would 表示婉转语气)
2.
如:He shall get his allowance. (注意是he shall, 表示说话人的意愿)会拿到他的津贴的。
You should sit here as long as you like.
Shall you go to school with me? (疑问句中,表示问对方的意愿)
你愿意和我一起到学校去吗?
情态动词使用“七注意”:
情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作谓语,需与后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。使用情态动词时应注意以下七点:
1.
试比较:The old man is so tired that he __________ go any farther.
The baby is asleep. You __________ make any noise.
2.
试比较:You __________ finish the work
today.
My father __________ work when he was ten years old.
3.
如:—Must we hand in our exercise books today?
—No, you __________. / No, you ______________.
4.
如: —May I use your ruler? —No, you
__________. / No, you __________.
5.
如:You __________(没必要)come so early.
He __________(需要)finish it this evening.
—Need I finish the work today? —Yes, you __________.
6.
如: —Could you tell me how to get to the
hospital? —Of course, I __________.
7.
如:May you succeed! 祝你成功!
May you be happy every day! 祝你天天快乐!
练习
一、选择填空
1.
--- You________find him. He________Japan.
A.
2.
--- Sorry. It________in such a short time.
A.
3.
A.
4.
A.
5.
A.
6.
A.
7.
--- No. It________be her. She is at school
now.
A.
8.
A.
9.
A.
10.
A.
11.
--- Certainly. But you________be back by 11
o'clock.
A.
12.
A.
13.
A.
14.
--- Sorry, I can't. I________take care of my little sister at home
because my mother is ill.
A.
15.
A.
16.
--- No, you________. But you________be back later than seven
o'clock.
A.
17.
A.
18.
A.
19.
A.
20.
A.
二、中译英
1.
2.
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