加载中…
个人资料
  • 博客等级:
  • 博客积分:
  • 博客访问:
  • 关注人气:
  • 获赠金笔:0支
  • 赠出金笔:0支
  • 荣誉徽章:
正文 字体大小:

初中英语语法——情态动词专项练习

(2019-01-18 07:27:01)
标签:

初中英语教学

八年级上

期末复习

语法专练

分类: 试题

初中英语语法——情态动词专项练习

情态动词(Modal Verbs)也称为情态助动词(Modal Auxiliaries),因为它和基本助动词(be, do, have)都属于助动词类。情态动词具有以下几个特点:   

1. 情态动词和其他动词连用,可表示说话人的语气。   

2. 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。   

3. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。

常用的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词;其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等。  

一、情态动词的时态关系:   

1. 现在式 can -- 过去式 could   

2. 现在式 may -- 过去式 might   

3. 现在式 shall -- 过去式 should   

4. 现在式 will -- 过去式 would   

5. 现在式 must -- 过去式 must (常用had to来代替)  

二、情态动词表示可能预测can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to

1. can could 用于表示可能预测  

如:He can't be at home. 他不可能在家。(否定句)  

Can the news be true? 这消息可能是真的吗?  

Anybody can make mistakes. 任何人都可能犯错误。(只表示理论上的可能性)

2. may might 用于表示事实上的可能性预测  

如:It may rain tomorrow. (表示可能会发生)  明天可能会下雨。  

It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测)  今天下午可能会下雪。  

You might be right. (表示有可能)   你可能是对的。

3. will would 用于表示预测习惯性   

如:I think he will be all right now. 我想他现在一定好了。 (will be 表示一定会)  

That would be his mother. 那肯定是他母亲。(would be 表示肯定是)  

He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.     

他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。(will 表示经常的)

4. shall should 用于表示必定

如:I shall be rich one day. shall be ) 总有一天我会发达的。  

That should be Sam and his mother. should be)那准是Sam和他的母亲。

5. must 用于表示必会  

如:This must be good for you.must be 肯定)  这肯定对你是有益的。  

All mankind must die.(表示必然会发生的事)  所有的人一定会死的。  

There must be a mistake in your homework. 

must“一定”解  你的作业里肯定有一个错误吗  

三、情态动词表示许可请求can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must

1. can could 用于表示许可请求  

如:Can I go with you? (请求)我能跟你一起走吗?  

Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可) 爸爸说我可以去看电影。  

Could I ask you something? (请求, could can 更婉转)我可以问你一件事吗?

2. will would 用于表示请求

如:Will you (please) tell me the way to the post office? 请问到邮局怎么走?(表示客气请求)

Would you (please) give me your address? 请你告诉我你的地址,好吗?

(用wouldwill表示更客气)

3. shall should 用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意见  

如:Shall we talk?  我们谈谈好吗?  

What should we do next? (用should shall 表示更客气)  下一步我们该怎么做?

Shall he come to see you? (用于第三人称疑问句)   要不要他来看你?

4. may might 用于表示许可(口语中多用can

如:You may take a walk. (表示给予许可) 你可以散散步。  

You might read the story for me. (比may更婉转) 是否请给我读一读这故事。  

May I make a suggestion?   我可以提个建议吗?  

Might I take a look of your work?   我看看您的大作行吗?  

Students may not make noise in the library. may not 表示不许可或禁止)   

学生不得在图书馆里吵闹。  

If I may say so, you are not right. (用于条件句,表示请求)   

你是不对的,如果我可以这么说的话。

5. must 用于表示禁止不准

如:Cars must not be parked here. must not表示不许可)  此地不准停车。  

All of you mustn't fishing in the pool. must not 语气方面比 may not 更强)    

你们不准在池里钓鱼。  

四、情态动词表示应该必须shall, should, may, might, must, ought to

1. shall should 用于表示必须  

如:Each member shall wear a name card. (表示规定)  每一个会员必须配带名卡。  

I should answer his letter as soon as possible. (表示应该)我应该尽快给他回信。  

You shouldn't judge a man always by the clothes. shouldn't “不应该含有劝告的意思)

 你不应该总是以貌取人。  

The rules shall take effect on Jan. 1st. shall 用于规章等,表示义务和规定)    

新规则于一月一日起生效。

2. may might 用于表示应该"(多用于法律等条文,一般上多用 shall

如:Payment may be paid by check.(表示规定)  应以支票付款。  

You might ask before you use my computer. might表示应该)    

你应该先问过再使用我的电脑。

3. must 用于表示必须务必

如:You must keep the place clean. (务必)   你务必保持地方干净。  

We must obey orders. (表示有义务)     我们必须服从命令。  

Must I pay now? (用于疑问句) (如回答不必时,需用 needn't don't have to

我现在就得付款吗?  

五、情态动词表示意图打算will, would, shall, should

1. will would 用于表示某种意图

如:I'll call you as soon as possible. will 主要用于第一人称)我会尽快打电话给你。  

Will you accept this invitation? (用would 则表示更客气)你愿意接受这邀请吗?  

Who will do the job? (用于条件句,可用于各种人称)    谁愿意做这事?  

We won'twill notstay here too long. will not 表示不愿)我们不愿呆在这里太久。

2. shall should 用于表示说话人的意图

如:We shan'tshall notgo if it rains. shall not 也可用 will not

如果下雨,我们就不打算走了。  

I shan't go with you. shall 只用在第一人称)我不打算和你一同走。  

六、情态动词表示意愿will, would, shall, should

1. will would

如:She will do it if you ask her.(表示主语的意愿)  如果你问她,她会做的。  

Would you have another cup of tea? (用 would will 客气)你想再来一杯茶吗?

Will you have some cookies? will用于疑问句,表示问人是否愿意)你想吃些烤饼吗?

If he will, he can do it. will 用于条件句,用于第二、三人称)如果他愿意,他会做的。

Would you excuse me? would 表示婉转语气)   你能原谅我吗?

2. shall should  

如:He shall get his allowance. (注意是he shall, 表示说话人的意愿)会拿到他的津贴的。

You should sit here as long as you like.  只要你乐意,坐多久能行。  

Shall you go to school with me? (疑问句中,表示问对方的意愿)    

你愿意和我一起到学校去吗?      

情态动词使用七注意

情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作谓语,需与后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。使用情态动词时应注意以下七点:  

1. 表示不能can't mustn't的区别。can't表示不能时,意指没有能力或婉转的不允许mustn't表示不能时,意指禁止或不允许。

试比较:The old man is so tired that he __________ go any farther.

The baby is asleep. You __________ make any noise.  

2. 表示必须musthave to的区别。must表示说话人的主观看法;而have to则表示客观需要。

试比较:You __________ finish the work today.  

My father __________ work when he was ten years old.

3. 回答must引导的一般疑问句时,如果是否定回答,一般不用mustn't,而要用needn't don't have to

如:—Must we hand in our exercise books today?

—No, you __________. / No, you ______________.  

4. 回答表示请求的may引导的一般疑问句时,不可用may not,而要用mustn't,也可用can't

如: —May I use your ruler? —No, you __________. / No, you __________.  

5. 作为情态动词,need一般不用于肯定句中,仅用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。在肯定句中,它用作实义动词,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面接带to的动词不定式或名词、代词作其宾语。回答need提出的问题,肯定回答需用must

如:You __________(没必要)come so early.

He __________(需要)finish it this evening.

—Need I finish the work today? —Yes, you __________.  

6. 在回答could引导的表示请求的一般疑问句时,不能用could回答,而要用can

如: —Could you tell me how to get to the hospital? —Of course, I __________.  

7. May you + 动词原形 ...,意为祝愿……”

如:May you succeed! 祝你成功!

May you be happy every day! 祝你天天快乐!

 

练习

一、选择填空

1. --- Where's Mr. Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.   

--- You________find him. He________Japan.      

A. may not; has gone to  B. may not; has been to  C. can't; has gone to  D. can't; has been to

2. --- Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?   

--- Sorry. It________in such a short time.     

A. may do             B. can't be done            C. must do           D. needn't be done

3. I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it.     

A. must             B. have to               C. need to            D. can

4. ________you mend my car? I______not start it.     

A. Would; would        B. Must; must           C. Can; can           D. May; may

5. ________she ride when she was three years old?   

A. Can                B. Could               C. Need              D. May 

6.  --- Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?  

 --- No, it________be him. Mr. Li is much taller.     

A. mustn't              B. may not             C. can't              D. needn't

7. --- Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?   

--- No. It________be her. She is at school now.    

A. will; may not        B. must; mustn't        C. may; can't            D. may; won't

8. Class 3 won the football match! ________it be true?    

A. May              B. Must               C. Will                  D. Can  

9. --- Could I look at your pictures?     --- Yes, of course you________.      

A. could             B. can                 C. will                 D. might

10. ________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number.  

A. Need             B. Could               C. Must                D. Should      

11. --- May I go to the cinema, Mum?    

--- Certainly. But you________be back by 11 o'clock.       

A. can              B. may                 C. must               D. need

12. These books________out of the reading room. You have to read them here.    

A. can't take         B. must be taken        C. can take             D. mustn't be taken

13. Cars, buses and bikes________stop when traffic lights change to red.    

A. can              B. may                C. must               D. need  

14. --- Can you go swimming with us this afternoon?    

--- Sorry, I can't. I________take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.   

A. can              B. may                C. would              D. have to       

15. --- Must I finish the work before five o'clock?     --- No, you________.      

A. needn't           B. mustn't             C. have to           D. must

16. --- ________I come back before five o'clock?    

--- No, you________. But you________be back later than seven o'clock.      

A. Need; must; mustn't  B. May; mustn't; can't  C. Can; can't; can't    D. Must; needn't; can't 

17. This book______ __ Lucy's. Look! Her name is on the book cover.     

A. must be            B. may be          C. can't be             D. mustn't be  

18. --- ____I have your name, please?     --- Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L.   

A. Must            B. Will             C. May               D. Need

19. You________go and ask Mary. She________know the answer.   

A. must; can          B. must; may         C. need; can          D. can; may

20. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You________cut your finger.      

A. need              B. must              C. should            D. may

二、中译英

1. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。

2. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。

3. 在林子里走时勿吸烟,不然,可能会引起火灾。

4. 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗?

5.  你怎么这么粗心?

6. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。

7. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。

8. 她可能不知道这件事。

9. 他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。

10. 你不可能那样对她说话。

0

阅读 收藏 喜欢 打印举报/Report
  

新浪BLOG意见反馈留言板 欢迎批评指正

新浪简介 | About Sina | 广告服务 | 联系我们 | 招聘信息 | 网站律师 | SINA English | 产品答疑

新浪公司 版权所有