新托福阅读真题详解:: The origins of cetaceans
(2013-09-28 21:14:18)
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教育托福tpo阅读答案解析 |
TPO2-The origins of cetaceans
答案:1-5:B
A C C A
1. 定位关键词blowhole原文:Their streamlined
bodies, the absence of hind legs,
and
A. 它清楚表明鲸类动物是哺乳动物。错,比如:它英俊的外表无法隐藏他丑陋的心灵,此处英俊的外表并不能表明他具有丑陋的心灵。它们之间是转折关系,而非因果关系。
B. 它不能隐藏鲸类动物是哺乳动物的事实。对,跟原句同义。
2. 定位关键词:sea otters原文:However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds, it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like.和海獭、鳍足类动物的情况不同,很难想象第一批鲸鱼长什么样子。对比推理,也就是说,想象第一批海獭长什么样子是不难的,因此A是对的。
3. precious珍贵的,如果不认识,可以定位关键词precious.原句:Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans.尽管只有一个头骨,P化石提供了关于鲸类动物起源的______ 细节。
A.精确的 B.稀少的 C.宝贵的 D.最初的
将四个选项带入, BD无法构成转折关系,排除BD。C选项比A选项更合理因为过于绝对。
4. 定位关键词:Pakicetus和cetacean原文:the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans. The skull is cetacean-like… P化石提供关于cetacean的重要信息。它的头骨跟鲸类动物很像……,所以答案选C。
5. 找到原文It has been suggested that Pakicetus fed on fish in shallow water and was not yet adapted for life in the open ocean. It probably bred and gave birth on land.指代题一般指代前一句的主语,所以答案选A:Pakicetus。
6. expose,根据构词法,ex是向外,pose是放置 expose放置在外面,即暴露的,所以答案选C visible可见的。
7. 定位关键词The hind leg of Basilosaurus 原文:Many incomplete skeletons were found but they included, for the first time in an archaeocyte, a complete hind leg that features a foot with three tiny toes. Such legs would have been far too small to have supported the 50-foot-long Basilosaurus on land.发现了很多不完整的骨骼,但是它们第一次在Archaeocyte体内包含了一只完整的后腿,有一只脚和三个小脚趾。这种腿太小根本无法支撑50英尺长的Basilosaurus在陆地行走。所以答案选D。
8. 根据答案出处定位顺序,此题答案出处应该在上一题答案出处后面,原句:Basilosaurus was undoubtedly a fully marine whale with possibly nonfunctional, or vestigial, hind legs.B是完全海洋生物,所以它繁殖地点肯定是海洋,答案选D。
9. 回到原文:The fossil luckily includes a good portion of the hind legs. The legs were strong and ended in long feet very much like those of a modern pinniped. The legs were certainly functional both on land and at sea.化石幸运地包含了完好的一块后腿。后腿很壮并且有一只很长的像现在鳍足类动物的脚。这腿肯定在陆地和海洋都具有功能。所以luckily原因是这条腿表明Ambulocetus natans是陆生哺乳动物和鲸类动物的过渡物种。答案选B。
10. 原文:The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing. 它的脊椎结构表明,尽管没有尾鳍,Ambulocetus游泳方式跟现代鲸鱼很像通过上下移动身体后部。
A. 错误,因为它有脊椎。
B. 错误,因为blackbone没有证明它没有尾鳍,证明的是它的游泳方式跟现代鲸类动物很像。
C. 正确,句意跟原文一致:尽管Ambulocetus没有尾鳍,他的脊椎表明他的游泳方式跟现代鲸鱼很像。
D. 错误,因为现在鲸鱼的游泳方式跟Ambulocetus很像。
11. 原文:The large hind legs were used for propulsion in water. 上一题说它靠上下移动身体后部来游泳,也就意味着身体后部提供游泳的动力,所以答案选D。
12. 插入句This is a question that has puzzled scientists for ages.说明这一句前面有一个问题,第二个空前面正好有一个问题:How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged?所以答案选B
A. 最近化石发现表明了陆生哺乳动物和鲸类动物之间的联系。本句是文章主题,正确
B. Ambulocetus natans的发现提供了证据表明曾经有一种鲸鱼,它可以同时在水中和陆地生活。正确,第五段详细阐述,与陆生动物和鲸类动物过渡有关。
C. Basilosaurus的骨骼在曾经是Thethys Sea的地方发现,一个有大量化石证据的地方。与鲸类动物和陆生动物过渡无关,文章没有进一步阐述,错误。
D. Pakicetus是目前发现的最古老的鲸鱼。与鲸类动物和陆生动物过渡无关,文章没有进一步阐述,错误。
E. 被认为是陆生哺乳动物和鲸鱼之间的过渡物种的化石被发现。本句是文章主题,正确。
F. Ambulocetus的后腿在水中用来提供动力。与鲸类动物和陆生动物过渡无关,文章没有进一步阐述,错误。