I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese: （20%）

1.      They have not done so well ideologically, however, as organizationally.
但是，他们的思想工作没有他们的组织工作做得好。

2.      Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.
当一名教师就意味着目睹上帝造人的过程，目睹用泥土捏成的人体开始呼吸，开始了新的生命

3.      The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley.

         群山已在山谷里开始投下蔚蓝色的长影。

4.      A locality has its own over-all interest, a nation has another and the earth gets another.

         一个地方有一个地方的全局，一个国家有一个国家的全局，一个地球有一个地球的全局。

5.      Some of the energy is converted into heat, which helps to maintain our body temperature at about 37^。C.
能量的一部分转化为热，来帮助维持体温在37^。C左右。

6.      Leonard is no Luddite. He knows that the growing use of digital technology is good for the industry.

         莱奥纳多可不是个行为激进的卢迪特。他清楚日渐普及的数字技术对这个行业有好处。

7.      Many laws of nature actually exist in nature though they have not yet been discovered.

         虽然许多自然规律还没被发现，但是它们确实在自然界中存在。

8.      The functions of the federal government have expanded so much that there are few aspects of national life outside the area of its interests, if not its regulation.

         联邦政府的职能已大大的扩大了。如果不说它控制了国民生计的各个方面，至少可以说一切都在它的关注之中。

9.      There is the challenge, more clearly defined than ever before, to scientists to apply the results of science and technology..
科学家面临着比以往任何时候都更加明确的挑战－如何使科技成果造福人类。

10.  Now tourism has grown in importance to such an extent that many Third World countries cannot balance their financial budget accounts without their considerable earnings from tourism.
现在，旅游业越来越重要，如果少了这一块巨额收入，第三世界国家就无法平衡其财政预算。

II. Translate the following sentences into English: （20%）

1.      我只会马走日，象走田。

I only know the most basic moves in playing Chinese chess.

2.      他总是片面地看问题，已经几次陷入困境。

     He is always taking a one-sided approach to problems, which has landed him in many scraps (trouble).

3.      北京地区由于近些年加强了植树造林，在一些地方飞来了稀有的鸟类。

     The expansion of woods in some places around Beijing these years attracts quite a few rare birds.

4.      我们大为惊奇的是，那幢经受强烈地震而幸存下来的惟一建筑物竟是砖木结构。

     To our great surprise, the only building that survived the violent earthquake was one of brick and wood structure.

5.      欢乐的人群宛如大海的波涛，从街道上汹涌而过。

The jubilant crowd surged through the streets like the sea waves.

6.      安居乐业是老百姓的共同愿望。

It is the common desire of the people to live and work in peace and contentment.

7.      事实上，正是因为他的谨小慎微，才使他的研究工作没有进展。

         In fact, it is his meticulousness that is preventing him from making any progress in his research.

8.      该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。

The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.

9.      新的景点不断出现，观光人数不断增加，地区经济也有了很大发展。

          The emergence of one new scenic spot after another and the influx of more and more tourists have also boosted the economy.

10.  政府主导的医疗改革如果仅仅意味着加大对医疗市场的限制的话，那我们可要三思而后行了。

We must think twice before embarking on “reform” if that means imposing further restrictions on our healthcare markets.

III. Translate the following passages into Chinese: （30%）

(1)  Farmers all over the world know the importance and immutability of the seasons. They know that there is a season to plant and a season to harvest; everything must be done in its own time. Although the rain pours down with the utmost relentlessness, ceasing all outdoor activities, the man of the field lifts his face to the heavens and smiles. Despite the inconvenience, he knows that the rain provides the nourishment his crops need to grow and flourish. The torrential rains in the month of April, give rise to the glorious flowers in the month of May.

But this ancient truth applies to more than the crops of the fields; it is an invaluable message of hope to all who experience tragedy in life. A dashed relationship with one can open up the door to a brand new friendship with another. A lost job here can provide the opportunity for a better job there. A broken dream can become the foundation of a wonderful future. Everything has its place.（15 points）

全世界的农民们都明白季节的重要性和永恒性。他们知道在哪个季节播种，哪个季节收获，每件事都必须应时而做！虽然暴雨无情地倾盆而下，迫使所有的户外劳作停止，但土地的主人会仰天微笑。尽管有诸多不便，但是他知道，雨会为他的庄稼带来繁茂生长所需的营养。四月里的豪雨，会带来五月里的繁花似锦。

但是这一古老真理并不只适用于田里的庄稼，它还是那些正经历着人生磨难的人的无限希冀：一段友谊的受挫会开启另一段崭新友谊的大门；此处失去的工作会提供彼处更好的工作机会；一个梦想的破灭会成为美好未来的基石。万物皆有道！

 (2)  Space is the most hostile environment we will ever explore. Even a single five-hour spacewalk requires months of training, and a vast technical backup to keep it safe. The astronauts and cosmonauts who live aboard the ISS will be there for only a few weeks or months; if we want to travel into deep space it could take years. First we’ll have to find out just how long the human body can survive in a weightless environment. In zero gravity, four pints of body fluid rush from the legs to the head where it stays for the duration of the mission. Astronauts often feel as if they have a permanent cold, and disorientation can become a major problem. In space there’s no physical sensation to let you know when you’re upside down and astronauts have to rely on visual clues from their surroundings. A few hours after reaching orbit, one in three of all astronauts will experience space sickness---a feeling rather like carsickness. And weightless conditions lead to calcium being leached from the bones, and problems with the astronauts’ immune systems.（15 points）

太空是人类探索的最为恶劣的环境。即便是一趟5小时的太空行走，也需要数月的强化训练，以及庞大（大量）的技术支持来确保安全。居住在国际空间站的美苏宇航员将只在太空中逗留几周或几个月；但假使我们想要进入太阳系外的外层空间，则需要好几年。首先，我们得确定人体在失重的情况下能坚持多久。在零重力（失重）的环境中，有将近4品脱的血液会从腿部流向头部，并且，这种状况一直会持续要太空任务结束为止。宇航员会有一种持久的寒冷感，搞不清方向将是他们遇到的最大问题。在太空中，你无法从生理上感知自己是倒立还是站着，宇航员只能通过观察周围的环境以作出判断。在进入轨道后的几小时内，三名宇航员中便会有一人会出现宇宙病（太空病）——一种类似晕车的感觉。同时，失重的环境会导致钙质从骨骼中流失，并引起宇航员免疫系统紊乱。

IV. Translate the following passages into English: （30%）

（1）生命中，不断地有人离开或进入。于是，看见的，看不见了；记住的，遗忘了。生命中，不断地有得到和失落。于是，看不见的，看见了；遗忘的，记住了。然而，看不见的，是不是就等于不存在？记住的，是不是永远不会消失？（10 points）

There is someone that is coming or passing away in your life around the clock, so you may lose sight of those seen, and forget those remembered. There is gain and loss in your life, so you may catch sight of those unseen, and remember those forgotten. Nevertheless, doesn‘t the unseen exist for sure? Will the remembered remain for ever?

（2）我生长在中国西南地区一个边远小镇，亲眼目睹了山区人民的艰辛困苦。在那里，许许多多与我同龄的孩子没有上学的机会，因此，我应当珍惜这来之不易的宝贵的上大学机会，争分夺秒抓紧学习。我头脑中只有一个概念：学习。为家乡人民而学，为祖国人民而学，为改变家乡的贫穷面貌而学。在这种思想的激励下，我时时感到总有不衰的求知欲，学习上总有使不完的劲儿。从某种意义上讲，正是家乡那种艰苦的社会环境陶冶了我单纯、诚实的性格，促成了我勤奋、进取的精神。（20 points）

Born and brought up in a remote township in Southwest China, I witnessed the hardship and the straitened life of the people in the mountain areas, where many children of my age were deprived of the chance of schooling. Therefore I should cherish the precious opportunity at university and must study against time. What I kept in mind was the only idea of studying-studying for the folks in my hometown, for the Chinese people, studying to bring a new appearance to my poor hometown. Thus stimulated, I always feel an insatiable curiosity for the new and an inexhaustible drive to push forwards. In a sense, it is the arduous social conditions in my hometown that have cultivated my simple, honest character and shaped my industrious and enterprising spirit.