MBST冲销收货时产生的材料成本差异及MIRO时产生的材料成本差异和汇兑损益分析(转)
(2011-09-07 10:59:00)
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分类: SAPMM |
MBST冲销涉及外币的收货时产生的材料成本差异及MIRO时产生的材料成本差异和汇兑损益分析
一、MBST冲销物料时,有可能会产生材料成本差异(前提:物料采用MAP):
Note1:启用移动平均价(MAP)的物料,其材料成本差Cost (price) variance的产生通常由是物料凭证冲销时,因物料收货时的汇率与物料冲销时的汇率不一致导致的差异;或者发票校验时,发票中的物料价格与采购订单价格不一致且发票校验时物料库存不足,也会产生材料成本差异。
Note2:物料凭证冲销时,会优先确保GRIR的平衡,冲销时采用冲销日期的汇率并根据物料收货时的本位币金额来倒算出当前该物料的外币金额,然后将倒算出的外币金额与物料收货时的外币金额的差异值计入材料成本差异科目(该差异科目的外币金额大于零,本位币金额为零)。且该材料成本差异不需要手工调整到主营业务成本科目(因为在此处该差异科目的本位币金额为零)。
Note3: SAP关于价格差异的解释
Price differences (PRD)
Price differences arise for materials valuated at standard price in the case of all movements and invoices with a value that differs from the standard price. Examples: goods receipts against purchase orders (if the PO price differs from the standard price), goods issues in respect of which an external amount is entered, invoices (if the invoice price differs from the PO price and the standard price).
Price differences can also arise in the case of materials with moving average price if there is not enough stock to cover the invoiced quantity. In the case of goods movements in the negative range, the moving average price is not changed. Instead, any price differences arising are posted to a price difference account.
Depending on the settings for the posting rules for transaction/event key PRD, it is possible to work with or without account modification. If you use account modification, the following modifications are available in the standard system:
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order settlement
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of external amounts)
二、发票校验时汇兑差异与材料成本差异的记账逻辑
发票校验(MIRO)时,库存金额的汇兑差异和运费金额的汇兑差异的记账逻辑如下(针对PO抬头中汇率为非固定汇率,
(1)
汇兑差异记账是材料成本差异的一个代替(an exchange rate difference is only posted as substitute for a price difference),当MIRO发票校验时,若库存收货时的汇率和发票校验时的汇率不一致,存在以下2种情况:
(i)
(ii)
(2)
(i)
(ii)
以上,使用外币发票校验(MIRO)产生的会计凭证中出现汇兑损益行项目时,它必然是库存金额的汇兑差异,当会计凭证中出现材料成本差异行项目时,它有可能为运费的汇兑差异所致,也有可能是因为发票的物料价格与PO收货时的价格不一致引起的。
更多信息,可参阅sap note: 128,见附件中。
该问题,具体看参阅附件:
MBST材料成本差异问题分析------------------->https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0BygQ1c-yUMUBM2U1YTJmOTEtYmU1OC0
MIRO发票校验时汇兑差异与材料成本差异的记账逻辑--------------->https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0BygQ1c-yUMUBYTBhZGZkNTctMTNmYy0