英语高考“语法填空”解题策略

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新题型英语高考“语法填空”解题策略 |
英语高考“语法填空”的解题策略
各位高考考生们, 我们先来一起看一个“语法填空”的实例。别紧张,题不难!好,我们一起来读一下题吧。
Butterfly conservation is a professional term describing the work of a variety of (56)_________(organize) worldwide that ask for help in species recovery efforts, and public education towards the goal of protecting the (57)__________(endanger) butterfly species in the wild. They (58) __________(actual) exist in many countries, including the United Kingdom and the United States.
The at-risk butterflies face a variety of threats. These include the reduction of breeding(繁殖)or habitat because(59) ________ the act of cutting down trees or natural disasters. Other factors that (60)_________(threat) some varieties of butterflies include hunters, disasters and so on. Butterfly conservation efforts manage (61) ________(reduce) the influence of these threats on specific butterfly species.
In the process of butterfly conservation, the nature of recovery efforts can be different (62) ___________(depend) on the needs of a specific population. Some zoos have been engaging in the captive rearing (圈养)and then the wild release of certain butterfly species. (63) __________ example of another type of butterfly recovery effort was (64)_______ they released many caterpillars (毛毛虫)into two United States national parks to support a wild population of Miami blue butterflies in 2004. In some areas, landowners can offer personal help by making (65) ________(they) house a designated (指定的)backyard habitat for butterflies.
下面,我们一起看一下我的一个学生的答案。
她的答案是这样的:56)organizeing 57)endangerous 58) actually 59) of 60) threated 61) reduced 62) dependment 63) For 64) that 65) them
她只答对了58),59)和64)题,只得到4.5 分。各位考生,你一定在想这道题有那么难吗?为什么她的得分这么低?
下面,公布正确答案:56)organizations 57) endangered 58) actually 59) of 60) threaten 61) to reduce 62) depending 63) An 64) that 65) their
好吧,我们一起来研讨一下“语法填空”的解题策略吧。因为是“语法填空”,所以我们先从词性开始研究。在英语中,主要有以下几种词性:1)名词2)代词 3)动词 4)形容词 5)副词 6)介词 7) 连词,8)冠词,比较常见的8种词性。下面,我们一起讨论一下每一种词性的变形情况。
第一种:名词。1)把单数名词变成复数名词。2)词性变化,把名词变为形容词。3)词性变化,把动词变成名词,同时要注意是否需要把它变成复数形式。比如,本题中,第56题,根据题意,a variety of 意为“各种各样的”,所以先把organize变成名词organization,然后在加上复数s,最后答案是organizations.意为“各种各样的组织”。
第二种:主格代词。1)变成形容词性物主代词(their, our, your, his, her 等) 2)名词性物主代词 (theirs, ours, yours, his , hers 等)3)变成宾格的代词(them, us, you, him, her等)。本题中的65题,根据题意,应该变成their (形容词性物主代词)作house的定语,意为“他们的房子”。
第三种:动词。1)加-ing,变成现在分词。2)加-ed, 变成过去分词。3)前加to, 和动词原形构成动词不定式。比如,本题中的第57题,把endanger 加-ed,变成过去分词endangered,作形容词修饰中心词butterfly
species, 意为“濒危的蝴蝶种类”。再如,第61题,把reduce变成“to
reduce”动词不定式,构成”manage to do
sth”
第四种:形容词。加上-ly, 变成副词。比如,第58题,把形容词actual 变成副词actually。反之亦可,即把副词变回形容词,去掉-ly。
第五种:根据上下文,填上介词。比如,第59题,填上介词of ,构成because of 固定搭配。
第六种:根据上下文,填上冠词。比如,第63题,填上冠词an。
第七种:根据上下文,填上连词。比如,第64题,填上连词that,连接表语从句做表语,构成“主-系-表”结构。
亲,各位高考考生们,看到这里,你是不是恍然大悟了呢?原来“语法填空”的解题密码在于词性变化。所以,要想“语法填空”得高分,清楚地掌握每个单词的词性是十分重要的。这回知道了吧,光背单词是不够的,还要记住它的词性啊!真的很重要啊!
下次做题时,多想一想,每个单词的词性,才能多得分啊!“语法填空”就变得很简单了,你可以试一试啊。