加载中…名词性从句
(2011-08-07 19:59:34)
标签：
复习资料高考教育英语 |
名词性从句
基础知识清单
（1）名词性从句的基础知识
（2）常用的关联词
1）连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
3）连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
（3）主语从句：
|
种类 |
关联词 |
例 |
说 |
|
|
主
语
从
句 |
连
词 |
that |
|
that在句首不可省去 |
|
whether |
|
|
||
|
连接代词 |
who, what, which, whatever |
|
|
|
|
连接副词 |
when, where, why, how |
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 |
把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词“it”来作形式主语。 |
|
（4）宾语从句：
|
关联词 |
例 |
说 |
||
|
宾 语 从 句 |
陈述意义 |
that |
We must never think(that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。 |
|
|
疑问意义 |
if, whether |
|
从句是否定句时一般用if引导。 |
|
|
特殊疑问意义 |
who, whom, which,
whose, what, when, where, why, how, |
|
|
|
|
注1 |
|
|
|
|
|
注2 |
|
|
|
|
（5）表语从句：
|
种类 |
关联词 |
例 |
说 |
|
|
表
语
从
句 |
连词 |
that, whether, as if |
|
|
|
连接代词 |
who, |
|
|
|
|
连接副词 |
when, where, why, |
|
||
（6）同位语从句：
|
种类 |
关联词 |
例 |
说 |
|
同
位
语
从
句 |
|
|
|
重点难点突破
（1）表语从句，即名词性从句放在表语位置就是表语从句，需要注意的是：当主语是 reason时，表语要用that引导而不是because．
（2）宾语从句应注意：
1）注意时态呼应，当主句为过去时时，从句时态一定往前推移，一般不可出现现在时或现在完成时。
e.g. I wonder if it doesn’t rain.
②用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。
e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）
③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。
e.g. I don’t know whether or not the report is true.
I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not.
④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
It depends on whether we have enough time.
⑤whether 可与不定式连用。
She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.
They don’t know whether to go there.
⑥whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
The question is whether he will come.
⑦引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.
⑧引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。
（3）名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致
①宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here?
The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
（4）that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(that可以直接引导主语从句或者为了平衡句子结构，用it 作形式主语，把主语从句放在后边。常见句型有:
(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that…
It is natural that children love their parents. 很自然孩子们喜欢自己的父母。
It is strange that she didn't turn up at the meeting.
奇怪的是她没有在会议上露面。
（B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...
It is a fact that English is being used by more and more people.
It is common knowledge that the earth moves around the sun.
（C）It is said/reported/believed/known/thought/suggested that …
It is reported that three people got lost in the flood.
It has been proved that the driver is not related to the accident.
（D）It seems/happens that。如：
It seems that she knew nothing about the news. 似乎她对这则消息一无所知。
It happened that we met on a bus to the hospital.
It is said that China will win in the World Cup.
(5) 同位语从句和定语从句的区别:
时可省略。
2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China
again.
2.同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.
1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.
2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.
(6) 引导that不可省略的情况：
a. 主语从句
b.表语从句
c.同位语从句
d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略
e.g. 1.I don’t think ________ she is coming.
2.It is a pity ________ he has made such a mistake.
3.The reason is _________ he is careless .
4.The news ________ our team won the match inspired us.
5.I don’t think it necessary _________ you should read English
aloud.
6.He told me __________ his father had died and __________ he had
to make a living
alone.
(7) 名词性从句连接词that 和what 的选用
词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从
句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
2.
______
习题专练
1.After having waited for ____ seemed two hours, I began to get impatient, wondering ______happened to Ben.
A. when; what
2. ______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail amount.
A. What is required
3. Remember that the birthday _______ we spend happily each year was just _____ our mothers suffered bitterly.
A. when; that
4. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _______ silly mistakes I had made.
A. what
5. Those who suffer from terrible poverty are surely ready to accept ______ help they can get.
A. whichever
6. The basketball club asked the coach to write an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game.
A. why
7. _______ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who
8．（07徐州一质测35）It is not yet well understood _______ has made the rainforest disappear year by year.
名词性从句
1._____________ you have done might do harm to other
people.
2. They have no idea at all ____________. ( 87 )
3. _____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ( 88 )
4.
Upon graduation he asked to be sent to _______________.
5.
These photographs will show you _____________.
6.
Can you make sure _____________ the gold ring?
7.
No one can be sure _____________ in a million years.
8.
_____________ the Games will be held in Beijing is not
known.
9.
It worried her a bit _____________ her hair was turning
grey.
10.
_____________ you don’t like him is none of my
business.
11. _____________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. ( 93 )
12.
He asked _____________ for the violin.
13. — Do you remember ____________ he came?
14.
_____________ is a fact that English is accepted as an
international language.
15.
Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____________ shares her
interests.
16. ____________ we can’t get seems better than ____________ we have. ( 96 )
17.
_____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the
weather.
18. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____________ he or she wants. ( 97 )
19.
___________ caused the accident is still a complete
mystery.
20.
It was a matter of ____________ would take the
position.
21. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—
A. why
22.
___________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth
praising.
23. These wild flowers are so special I would do _____________ I can to save them. ( 00 )
24.
_____________ she couldn’t understand was _____________ fewer and
fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
25.
What the doctors really doubt is _____________ my mother will
recover from the serious disease soon.
26. ____________ is no possibility ___________ Bob can win the first prize in the match. ( 01 )
27. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the money exactly ____________ he wants. ( 2002上海 )
28. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____________ road conditions need ____________. ( 2003上海 )
29. — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
— Oh, that’s ____________.
A. what makes me feel excited
C. how I feel about it
30.
We cannot figure out _______ quite a number of insects, birds, and
animals are dying out. (2004 北京)
31.
I think Father would like to know ___________ I've been up to so
far, so I decide to send him
a
32.
A modern city has been set up in
33.
Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to
their children’s future. ( 04广东 )
A. that
34. The road is covered with snow. I can't understand
______they insist on going by motor-bike.
35.
After Yang Li Wei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our
astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A. where
36.
A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that
being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at
court.
37.
The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ________
I thought was a dangerous speed.
38. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
39.
Mary wrote an article on
A. why
40. Danby left word with my secretary ____________ he would call again in the afternoon. ( 05 浙江 )
41.
The way he did it was different
42. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made. ( 05 湖南 )
43. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action. ( 06 湖南 )
A. which
44. We haven't settled the question of ______________ it is necessary for him to study abroad. （ 06江苏 ）
A. if
45.
A. What
46.
See the flags on top of the building? That was
A. when
47.
Please remind me
A. where
48.
--- What did your parents think about your decision?
--- They always let me do _______ I think I should.
A. when
49. Engines are to machines _________ hearts are to
animals.
A.
as
50.
I just wonder __________ that makes him so excited.
A. why it does
51. One advantage of playing the guitar is _________ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. （ 06上海 ）
A. how
52. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ________ his teammates had done. （ 06上海 ）
A. what
53.
--- It’s thirty years since we last met.
54. There is much chance
A. that
55.
Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the
class
A.
why
56. These shoes look very good. I wonder
__________.
A. how much cost they are
C. how much they cost
57.
A. which
58. --- Could you do me a favor?
--- It depends on
A. which
59. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _________ I thought was a dangerous speed.
60.. Along with the letter was his promise _______ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
答案
喜欢
0
赠金笔